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Methods and compositions for treating or preventing microbial infection in mammals with sulfated polysaccharides wherein the polysaccharides have a degree of sulfation effective to enable maximal interaction of constituent sulfate groups with the microbe which causes the infection and wherein the sulfated polysaccharide is not substantially endocytosed or degraded by cell receptor binding in the mammal and thereby retains antimicrobial activity in vivo.

The apparatus of the invention is directed toward a modular seed treatment apparatus that is capable of receiving various component pieces of equipment for application of liquid treatment compositions and powders to seeds on a frame assembly to accommodate the various component pieces. The apparatus of the invention is further directed toward a modular seed treatment apparatus that is capable of receiving a treatment container for treatment of various small quantities of seed including 0.5 to two pounds, two to five pounds and 5 to 10 pounds of seed.

The present invention relates to a class of fluorescent, organic nanofibrils, and particularly the films comprising entangled piling of these nanofibrils exhibiting effective quenching of their fluorescence upon exposure the vapor of explosives. The invention also relates to a sensor and a method for sensing the explosives vapor and other volatile organic compounds, including the explosives taggants through the modulation of the fluorescence of the nanofibril film and the electrical conductivity of the nanofibrils. The invention also relates to a development of synthetic methods, protocols and techniques that leads to production of various arylene-ethynylene macrocycle (AEM) molecules, which consist of a shape-persistent, toroidal scaffold in planar conformation, with minimal ring strain and highly tunable ring sizes (from 0.5 nm to above 10 nm). The invention also relates to an approach to optimization of the one-dimensional molecular arrangement along the long axis of the nanofibril, which provides increased exciton (excited state) migration (via cofacial intermolecular electronic coupling) and charge transport (via pi-electronic delocalization). A combination of long-range exciton migration and efficient charge transport makes the nanofibrils ideal as sensory materials for detecting explosives and other volatile organic compounds through both optical and electrical sensing mechanisms.

The present invention is directed to a method for determining the effect of each of a plurality of test agents on cells from a subject, and a method to profile patient cell responses to test agents.

A request broker receives a request from a client, including a description of a method and parameters to be used in executing the method. The parameters have one of multiple acceptable native formats. The request broker determines the native format and communicates the parameters in the native format to a selected one of multiple translators for translation to an internal format, where each translator is associated with a different native format. The request broker communicates the parameters in the internal format to an application server system to enable execution of the method, receives a return value from the application server system reflecting execution of the method, communicates the return value in the internal format to the selected translator for translation to the native format, generates a reply including the description of the method and the return value in the native format, and communicates the reply to the client.

This invention relates to methods for treating, preventing or managing coronavirus infections in mammals using sulfated polysaccharides. More particularly, this invention relates to methods of treating, preventing or managing infection by coronaviruses, particularly viral infections leading to or causing diseases such as the newly discovered Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (“SARS”). The invention involves the use of sulfated polysaccharides which are abundant, non-toxic and inexpensive and which are potent antivirals in vivo.

The invention provides methods and compositions for treating, preventing or managing a viral infection in a subject comprising administering one or more sulfated polysaccharides, wherein the polysaccharides have a percent of sulfur with respect to the sugar residue effective to enable maximal interaction of constituent sulfate groups with the microbe which causes the infection and wherein the sulfated polysaccharide is not substantially endocytosed or degraded by cell receptor binding in the mammal and thereby retains antimicrobial activity in vivo. The invention also provides methods and compositions for treating, preventing or managing a non-viral. microbial infection in a subject comprising administering one or more substituted polysaccharides.