The invention discloses a workbench with a cross-shaped sliding seat type accompanying clamping shoe and a machining center of the workbench, and relates to the field of numerical control machining equipment. The workbench comprises a rack, a material preparation table, a runner collar, a cross sliding module, a material receiving shoe stack, a transposition shoe stack, a discharging shoe stack, an accompanying shoe, an accompanying palm, a corresponding conveying belt, a cutter, a manipulator, an illuminating lamp, a camera and a controller. By means of pressure and opening and closing between the accompanying palm arranged at a finger tip of the manipulator and the accompanying shoe which is supported by a cross sliding base to do planar motion and a transposition mechanism matched withmultiple shoe stacks, flexible and reliable clamping, feeding and transposition of flexible sheet-shaped workpieces are achieved, and the workbench can be widely applied to the shoemaking industry, the furniture industry and the handicraft manufacturing industry, and has the advantages of being simple in mechanism, reliable in clamping, convenience in transposition, low in cost and the like.