The invention provides a credential layout analysis method and device. The method comprises a step of obtaining a credential image, a step of extracting the layout characteristic in the credential image, a step of using a credential identification model to identify each layout characteristic, obtaining a correlation degree level corresponding to the layout characteristic, wherein the credential identification model is obtained after training a training sample set, and a step of screening the correct layout of the credential image with a highest correlation degree level corresponding to the layout characteristic. Through constructing a universal multiple-layout analysis frame, the same type of credentials with different layouts can be identified, even a new layout appears, only the preparation of corresponding credential image data is needed, training is carried out again and the model is updated, the change of an original frame is small, the expansion and integration can be rapidly carried out, thus the repeated development is avoided, the workload of the development is reduced, the development process and result are controllable, the OCR identification of the image is facilitated, and the identification efficiency is improved.