The invention discloses a bamboo dice online detection method based on vision. The method includes the following steps that 1, bamboo dices to be detected move through a second conveyor belt, and an image triggering and collecting module carries out photographing to collect images and numbers the images; 2, the images are transmitted to a PC for white balance processing so that images according with human vision can be obtained, then whether defects exist in the images of the bamboo dices to be detected or not is judged according to a bamboo dice defect detection algorithm, and defective bamboo dices to be detected are removed, wherein the detection process specifically includes the steps of outline defect detection, white spot detection and brown spot detection. According to the method, the bamboo dices can be automatically conveyed and automatically turned over, image information of the bamboo dices to be detected is collected through the image triggering and collecting module, the appearance defect, the white spot defect and the brown spot defect of the bamboo dices are detected and judged on line through the PC according to the defined bamboo dice defect detection algorithm, and the defective bamboo dices are removed; the manual picking cost is significantly reduced, the bamboo dice detection efficiency is improved, the product percent of pass is increased, input is small, operation is convenient, and the method has broad market prospects.