30results about "Gas-gas reaction as plasma state" patented technology

A process for converting natural gas to an olefin includes heating the gas to a selected range of temperature to convert a fraction of the gas stream to reactive hydrocarbons, primarily ethylene or acetylene, and reacting with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to produce the olefin, usually ethylene. A portion of the incoming natural gas may be used to heat the remainder of the natural gas to the selected range of temperature. Hydrogen resulting from the reactions may be used to make electricity in a fuel cell. Alternatively, hydrogen may be burned to heat the natural gas to the selected range of temperature.

A plasma system includes a plasma arc torch, a cylindrical tube and an eductor. The plasma arc torch includes a cylindrical vessel having a first end and a second end, a first tangential inlet / outlet connected to or proximate to the first end, a second tangential inlet / outlet connected to or proximate to the second end, an electrode housing connected to the first end such that a first electrode is (a) aligned with a longitudinal axis of the cylindrical vessel, and (b) extends into the cylindrical vessel, and a hollow electrode nozzle connected to the second end of the cylindrical vessel. The cylindrical tube is attached to the hollow electrode nozzle and aligned with the longitudinal axis, the cylindrical tube having a side inlet and a radio frequency coil disposed around or embedded within the cylindrical tube. The eductor is attached to the cylindrical tube and aligned with the longitudinal axis.

A plasma reactor has an overhead multiple coil inductive plasma source with symmetric RF feeds and a symmetrical chamber exhaust with plural struts through the exhaust region providing access to a confined workpiece support. A grid may be included for masking spatial effects of the struts from the processing region.

The present invention has features (1) to (3). The feature (1) is that “an active gas generation electrode group is formed in such a manner that a ground side electrode component supports a high-voltage side electrode component”. The feature (2) is that “stepped parts are provided in a discharge space outside region of a dielectric electrode in the high-voltage side electrode component, and project downward, and by a formation height of these stepped parts, the gap length of a discharge space is defined”. The feature (3) is that “the high-voltage side electrode component and the ground side electrode component are formed to have the thickness of a discharge space formation region relatively thin and the thickness of a discharge space outside region relatively thick”.

The present invention has features (1) to (3). The feature (1) is that “an active gas generation electrode group is formed in such a manner that a ground side electrode component supports a high-voltage side electrode component”. The feature (2) is that “stepped parts are provided in a discharge space outside region of a dielectric electrode in the high-voltage side electrode component, and project downward, and by a formation height of these stepped parts, the gap length of a discharge space is defined”. The feature (3) is that “the high-voltage side electrode component and the ground side electrode component are formed to have the thickness of a discharge space formation region relatively thin and the thickness of a discharge space outside region relatively thick”.

A plasmatron-catalyst system. The system generates hydrogen-rich gas and comprises a plasmatron and at least one catalyst for receiving an output from the plasmatron to produce hydrogen-rich gas. In a preferred embodiment, the plasmatron receives as an input air, fuel and water / steam for use in the reforming process. The system increases the hydrogen yield and decreases the amount of carbon monoxide.

Provided is a fuel-reforming device comprising: an ammonia tank (4); a reformer (5) for reforming ammonia and generating high-concentration hydrogen gas having a hydrogen content of at least 99%; a mixing tank (7) for mixing ammonia and hydrogen for temporary storage; and a control means (10) for controlling the respective supply amounts of ammonia and high-concentration hydrogen gas that are supplied to the mixing tank (7). The control means (10) calculates the combustion rate coefficient C of mixed gas with respect to a reference fuel on the basis of equation (1). Equation (1): S0=SH*C+SA*(1-C). In equation (1), S0 is the combustion rate of the reference fuel, SH is the combustion rate of hydrogen, SA is the combustion rate of ammonia, and C is the combustion rate coefficient of mixed gas. In addition, on the basis of equation (2), the control means (10) determines the volume fractions of ammonia and hydrogen that are supplied to the mixing tank. Equation (2): C=1-exp(-A*MB). In equation (2), M is the volume fraction of hydrogen in mixed gas, and A and B are constants.

A plasma chemical reactor including an anode having a generally cylindrical shape and an axis of rotational symmetry; a cathode inside the anode and co-axial with the anode; a hot plasma channel between the between the anode and the cathode; a gas input module providing gas flow into the anode; a gas output module at a distal end of the anode; and a high voltage power supply providing with a current in a range of 0.1-1.0 A. The high voltage power supply provides a voltage to the cathode in a range of 0-5 kV, a power of at least 1 kW, and a voltage / current ratio of at least 1000 V / A.

The present invention describes a plasma reactor for processing natural gas and / or light hydrocarbons, including biomethane and biogas, using a plasma torch that does not require the use of cathode-protection gas (shielding gas), and also a reforming process involving the use of a plasma reactor for the production of synthesis gas and carbonaceous materials from natural gas and / or light hydrocarbons.

The present invention relates to a method of generating oxygen. The method addresses the objects of reducing the servicing work and improving the purity of the generated oxygen. According to the invention, the method comprises the steps of: providing an oxygen comprising gas at a primary side of a dense voltage drivable membrane (12); applying a voltage between a conductive element at the primary side of the membrane (12) and a conductive element at a secondary side of the membrane (12), the conductive elements being electrically connected to the membrane (12), wherein a plasma (18, 20) is generated at at least one of the primary side and the secondary side of the membrane (12), the plasma (18, 20) being used as conductive element.

A method for preparing high-temperature, active particle-containing steam. The method includes: 1) preparing steam; selecting one or several non-oxidizing gases as a working gas; ionizing the working gas into a plasma working medium by using a plasma generator; and 2) injecting the plasma working medium into a high-temperature steam generator to form high-temperature ionized environment while introducing the steam into the high-temperature steam generator for allowing the steam to contact with the plasma working medium so that the steam is heated and activated to form active particle-containing steam. A device for preparing the high-temperature, active particle-containing steam is also provided.

The present invention relates to a process, reactor and system to produce self-standing two-dimensional nanostructures, using a microwave-excited plasma environment. The process is based on injecting, into a reactor, a mixture of gases and precursors in stream regime. The stream is subjected to a surface wave electric field, excited by the use of microwave power which is introduced into a field applicator, generating high energy density plasmas, that break the precursors into its atomic and / or molecular constituents. The system comprises a plasma reactor with a surface wave launching zone, a transient zone with a progressively increasing cross-sectional area, and a nucleation zone. The plasma reactor together with an infrared radiation source provides a controlled adjustment of the spatial gradients, of the temperature and the gas stream velocity.

A method for preparing high-temperature, active particle-containing steam. The method includes: 1) preparing steam; selecting one or several non-oxidizing gases as a working gas; ionizing the working gas into a plasma working medium by using a plasma generator; and 2) injecting the plasma working medium into a high-temperature steam generator to form high-temperature ionized environment while introducing the steam into the high-temperature steam generator for allowing the steam to contact with the plasma working medium so that the steam is heated and activated to form active particle-containing steam. A device for preparing the high-temperature, active particle-containing steam is also provided.