The invention discloses a method and device for accurately measuring the grounding resistance of a pole, and the method comprises the steps: judging the burying orientation of a grounding body through employing a magnetic field method; measuring the resistivity of soil nearby the grounding body through employing a quadrupole method; selecting the frequency range of an injection current according to the resistivity of soil, obtaining a group of pole grounding resistance measurement values through measurement, correcting the measurement result, and obtaining the accurate measurement value of the pole grounding resistance. The device and method can achieve the accurate measurement of the grounding resistance of the pole without cutting off a grounding lead. Firstly, the method and device achieve the vertical arrangement of poles through the judgment of the burying orientation of the grounding body, and improve the measurement accuracy; secondly, the method and device select the frequency of the injection current through the measurement of the resistivity of soil nearby the grounding body, and improves the adaptability of the method to different pole soil environments; finally, the method and device do not need to cut off the ground lead, and improve the work efficiency of grounding resistance measurement. A mean method is employed for calculating the grounding resistance of the pole, enables the measurement error to be minimum, and improves the accuracy of the measurement result.