The invention discloses an adjustable thoracotomy device for a general thoracic surgery. The thoracotomy device structurally comprises a debugging rod, a chest opening block, a fixing rod, telescopic blocks and a shifting claw, the chest opening block penetrates through the debugging rod, the debugging rod is in clearance fit with the chest opening block, the fixing rod is arranged in the chest opening block, the chest opening block is in threaded connection with the fixing rod, and the shifting claw is installed on the chest opening block and is in sliding connection with the chest opening block. The telescopic blocks are installed on both sides of the debugging rod, and the telescopic blocks are in interference- fitwith the debugging rod, and a clamping groove is provided on the chest opening block. The thoracotomy device can adjust the groove suitable for clamping the patient's ribs by extending and shortening an extension structure, and reduce the clamping gap when the shifting claw and the ribs are clamped. The matching fitting degree of the clamping notch of the shifting claw and the ribs needing to be clamped by the patient is increased, and when the equipment is used for clamping and opening the chest, the ribs of the patient cannot slide in the clamping gap of the poking claw and cannot be damaged.