A cultured periodontal
ligament cell sheet is produced by a process comprising culturing cells on a
cell culture support composed of a base material whose surface is coated with a temperature-
responsive polymer having an upper limit or
lower limit critical
dissolution temperature in water of 0 to 80° C. under specified conditions, (1) regulating the temperature of a
culture fluid to the upper limit critical
dissolution temperature or higher or to the
lower limit critical temperature or lower, (2) allowing a cultured periodontal
ligament cell sheet resulting from the culturing to adhere to a carrier and (3) detaching the sheet intact together with the carrier. This cultured periodontal
ligament cell sheet has a syndesmotic
microstructure, exhibits extremely high bioadherence to the dental
root surface and realizes
high density transplantation of target cells and positive reconstruction of periodontal tissues. Moreover, through lamination of cell sheets to be transplanted and donation of a three-dimensional polarity, highly efficient reconstruction of an adhesion apparatus can be accomplished and clinical application thereof to moderate
periodontitis, severe peridontitis, gingival recession and the like is highly promising.