31 results about "Parasitic Weeds" patented technology

This invention relates to sunflower lines and hybrids tolerant to sulfonylurea herbicides wherein the tolerance trait is obtained using induced mutagenesis and artificial selection, and to a method for selectively controlling undesired vegetation, including parasitic weeds, by applying sulfonylurea herbicides to sulfonylurea-tolerant sunflower crops.

The invention discloses a co-culture method for researching interaction between parasitic weeds and host crops. The co-culture method comprises the following steps: firstly, sterilizing surfaces of seeds of the parasitic weeds and the host crops, then performing moist-heat pre-culture on the seeds of the parasitic weeds, and adding germination stimulants for promoting germination; secondly, performing germination and growth on the seeds of the host crops; and finally, uniformly spreading root systems of the host crops on filter paper, covering one side of on which the parasitic weeds are attached to the surface on the root systems of the host crops, and performing co-culture on the parasitic weeds and the host crops. The parasitic weeds directly contact with the root systems of the host crops, so that a process of identifying the root systems of the host crops by the parasitic weeds is greatly shortened, and the parasitic efficiency is improved at the same time; as the experiment is carried out under a soilless condition, the whole culture process is visualized, and every stage of the parasitic weeds parasitizing on the root systems of the host crops is accurately controlled and observed, thereby facilitating research of interaction processes in different stages at exact time points; and the spread of the parasitic weeds during research is surely prevented.

Acetolactate synthase inhibitors, such as imazapyr and pyrithiobac and mixtures thereof, prepared as slow-release formulations are useful for the preparation of seed dressing, seed priming, seed or particle-substrate coating herbicidal compositions for control of parasitic weeds such as Orobanche spp., Striga spp. and Alectra spp. The use of agrochemicals can be rendered more efficient when coated or bound as a slow release formulation. Particles used as the substrateto be coated may be plant seeds or particles made of a strong or weak ionic resin or a biodegradable carbohydrate natural polymer, a modified polymer, or artificially lignified cellulose. The herbicidal formulation may be covalently linked or adsorbed to the surface of the particle. The same slow release formulations are invaluable for preventing rapid herbicide leaching in agricultural as well as non-agricultural weed control situations.

The invention belongs to the technical field of parasitic weed control, and particularly discloses an application of Streptomyces roche to control of parasitic weeds. The Streptomyces roche D74 is collected at China Center for Type Culture Collection on March 14th, 2016, and the collection number is CCTCC M 2016123. The Streptomyces roche can be used for remarkably inhibiting orobanche aegyptiaca seed germination.

The invention relates to a method of preventing and treating a weed, orobanche coerulescens, through an agricultural bio-degradable mulching film combined with biocontrol bacteria. The method includes the steps of preparing a fermentation liquid of pythium aphanidermatum, performing centrifugal, elution on a column and concentration to the fermentation liquid to prepare a pythium aphanidermatum powder, preparing the bio-degradable mulching film containing the pythium aphanidermatum powder, and paving the mulching film in the field on which crops and the orobanche coerulescens are grown. The method is excellent in preventing and treating effects, avoids pollution caused by chemical agents through the bio-controlling technology, and is more durable in the preventing and treating effects since the synergistic effects of the bio-degradable mulching film is combined.

The present invention discloses a rice tillering associated protein, the encoding gene and the use thereof. The protein is selected from the following proteins (a) and (b): (a) a protein which is composed of the amino acid sequence represented by the sequence 4 in the sequence table; (b) a protein which is associated with the plant tillering and is derivate from the protein (a) through substituting and / or deleting and / or adding one or a plurality of amino-acid residues to the amino acid sequence represented by the sequence 4 in the sequence table. The transgene complementation test proves that the protein D27 coded by the gene participates in the synthesizing of the strigolactone and regulates the plant tillering or the branch stem developing. Therefore, the genetic engineering technology can be used for regulating the tillering trait of the rice, regulating the nutrition using efficiency of the plant and effectively controlling the destructive parasitic weed. The D27 gene has important application value in the aspect of researching the beneficial fungus association and the destructive parasitic weed in the agriculture and natural ecosystem.

The invention discloses a method for rapid screening of a parasitic weed sensitive herbicide. The method comprises: taking parasitic weed seeds, conducting surface sterilization, rinsing and air drying; inoculating the seeds to a moisture absorption matrix containing a to-be-screened herbicide, and carrying out pre-culture under closed and dark conditions; transferring the seeds to the moisture absorption matrix containing a seed germination stimulus, and conducting germination test under closed and dark conditions; calculating the seed germination rate, and screening out the parasitic weed sensitive herbicide. The herbicide is directly used in the pre-culture stage of the parasitic weed seeds to simulate the field application and action process of the herbicide. The seed germination stimulus GR24 is employed to replace a host root exudate, thereby eliminating a false positive result caused by germination stimulus type and content differences, and making seeds germinate under laboratory conditions. The control effect of the herbicide on seed germination can be quickly definite by only 2 weeks. The data is true and reliable, and provides reference for field use of the herbicide.

The invention relates to the field of pesticide chemistry, and discloses a 2-butenolide acetamide compound, and a preparation method and an application thereof. The compound has a structure represented by a formula (1). A synthesis method of a compound represented by the formula (2) comprises the steps: carrying out a first reaction on a compound represented by a formula (3) and a compound represented by a formula (4) in the presence of a first alkaline substance and a first solvent. The synthesis method of the compound represented by the formula (1) comprises the steps: carrying out a secondreaction on the compound represented by the formula (2) and a compound represented by a formula (5) in the presence of a second alkaline substance and a second solvent. The 2-butenolide acetamide compound disclosed by the invention can promote germination of root parasitic weed seeds, has relatively high stability, and can be well applied to prevention and treatment of root parasitic weeds in fields.

The invention provides an application of 5-aminolevulinic acid to improvement of resistance of sunflowers to parasitic weed sunflower orobanche Cumana and further finds that 5-aminolevulinic acid improves the resistance of the sunflowers to orobanche Cumana by promoting the synthesis of an antioxidase in sunflower plants, reducing the levels of MDA and ROS in the sunflower plants and increasing the concentration of GSH in the sunflower plants and the GSH / GSSG ratio. The problem that the growth of the sunflowers is affected by parasitism of sunflower orobanche Cumana in a sunflower planting process is effectively relieved, the usage amount of a herbicide is greatly reduced, and the ecological environment is protected.

The seeds of parasitic plants of the genera Striga and Orobanche will only germinate after induction by a chemical signal exuded from the roots of their host. Many of these compounds have been isolated and identified from a number of different plant species and are collectively called the strigolactones. Here we show that the strigolactone germination stimulants are derived from the carotenoid pathway. This finding is used to create crop species that do not induce germination of parasitic plant seeds anymore and therefore are resistant to parasitic plants. Also provided is a method to use chemicals and mycorrhizae to inhibit germination stimulant production to control parasitic plants. Also provided are strigolactone overproducing trap and catch crops.

The invention relates to synthesis and application of a lactone analogue with a flavone framework. The structural general formula of the compound is (I), wherein R1 or R2 represents a hydrogen atom, C1-C5 alkyl, phenyl, halogen-substituted phenyl, benzodioxole, furan, thiophene and other aromatic heterocycles. According to the method, o-hydroxyacetophenone and aldehyde or ketone are used as raw materials, and a series of lactone analogues with flavone parent nucleus structures are synthesized through multi-step reaction. The broomrape seed germination activity of the compound is tested, wherein the result shows that the compound has good seed germination activity, is a parasitic weed seed germination agent with a wide application prospect, can be practically applied to parasitic weed herbicides, and especially can be applied to prevention and control of parasitic weeds broomrape and striga asiatica in agriculture.

The invention discloses a new use of lily leaf powder or a lily leaf leaching liquor in control of parasitic weeds. Lily leaves are used in control of melon Orobanche coerulescens parasitic weeds as a novel efficient plant source. Experiments prove that four concentrations (10mg / ml, 1mg / ml, 0.1mg / ml and 0.01mg / ml) of water leaching liquors of the lily leaves have strong germination stimulation effects on parasitic weed melon Orobanche coerulescens seeds, wherein when the diluted concentration is 0.1mg / ml, the melon Orobanche coerulescens seed germination stimulation rate of the water leaching liquor is very close to the germination stimulation rate of an artificially synthesized analog GR24. A result of determination of a lily leaf material stored in a sealed manner for above 0.5 year shows that the germination stimulation ability only decreases by 20-30%, so the lily leaves can be singly used to prepare parasitic melon Orobanche coerulescens weed control preparations, or can be combined with other medicines to form high efficiency compound preparations.

The invention discloses an application of artemisia dracunculus extract in stimulating broomrape seed germination, which comprises the following steps of: extracting an artemisia dracunculus extract,namely drying artemisia dracunculus in the sun, cutting the artemisia dracunculus into pieces, soaking, concentrating, extracting with a solvent, and concentrating to obtain artemisia dracunculus extract; disinfecting the surfaces of broomrape seeds; carrying out pre-culture, namely laying qualitative filter paper and glass fiber filter paper in a culture dish, evenly scattering the disinfected broomrape seeds on the glass fiber filter paper, carrying out sealing, and carrying out constant-temperature dark culture; carrying out a broomrape seed germination experiment, namely, adding methanol to dilute the artemisia dracunculus extract, soaking the filter paper, drying the filter paper, paving the qualitative filter paper in a culture dish, and soaking the qualitative filter paper; and putting the dried filter paper on the qualitative filter paper, selecting pre-cultured broomrape seeds, sealing, and carrying out constant-temperature dark culture. The artemisia dracunculus extract can efficiently stimulate broomrape seeds to germinate in advance, broomrape suicide germination is caused due to the fact that hosts cannot be found in time for adsorption life of the seeds, and the artemisia dracunculus extract can be effectively used for biological control work of broomrape parasitic weeds.

The invention belongs to the field of technologies for controlling parasitic weeds, and particularly discloses application of streptomyces pactum to controlling parasitic weeds. The Streptomyces pactum SG712100 is preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection on 7th April, 2009, and a preservation number of the streptomyces pactum is CCTCC M 209066. The application has the advantages that obvious effects of inhibiting germination of seeds of orobanche aegyptiaca can be realized by the streptomyces pactum; the emergence quantities and the emergence rates of the potted orobanche aegyptiaca in harvest periods can be obviously reduced if streptomyces pactum microbial agents are applied, and the total dry weight of the orobanche aegyptiaca and the dry weight of each single plant of the streptomyces pactum in the harvest periods can be obviously decreased; micro-floras in soil can be improved, the total numbers of bacteria in the soil and ratios of the quantities of the bacteria to the quantities of fungi can be increased, the total numbers of the fungi in the soil can be reduced, accordingly, germination and growth of the orobanche aegyptiaca can be inhibited, growth of crops can be promoted, and the yield of the crops can be increased.

The invention relates to the field of pesticide chemistry, in particular to a piperazine amide derivative and a preparation method thereof, a root parasitic weed seed germination accelerator and a method for preventing and treating root parasitic weeds. In the derivative (See the specification for the formula), R<1>, R<2>, R<3>, R<4> and R<5> are respectively and independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, nitro, cyano, chain alkyl, alkyl containing a cyclic structure, alkoxy, halogenated alkoxy, alkylthio, ester group, alkyl sulfonyl and the like or are connected together to form a cyclicstructure, X is selected from O, S, SO, SO2 or CR<10>R<11>, R<6>, R<7>, R<10>, R<11> are each independently selected from hydrogen, halogen and C1-C4 alkyl or are connected together to form a three-membered ring, a four-membered ring or a five-membered ring, Z is selected from O or S, and R<8> and R<9> are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group of C1 to C4. The piperazine amide derivative disclosed by the invention can be used as a root parasitic weed seed germination accelerator.

The invention relates to the technical field of herbicides, in particular to a novel weeding preparation and a preparation method thereof. The novel weeding preparation includes at least one compound of formula (1) or formula (2). The novel weeding preparation is prepared by combining two compounds with novel structures, and parasitic weeds can be prevented and removed by adopting a 'suicide' germination strategy by utilizing the characteristic that parasitic weed seeds can germinate only by being stimulated and induced by allelochemicals, that is, before crops are planted, proper allelochemicals are sprayed on the land to induce the weed seeds to germinate, then the weeds finally die due to the fact that no corresponding hosts provide water and nutrition, and the purpose of effectively killing parasitic weed seed banks can be achieved. By using the weeding preparation provided by the invention, the soil inventory of weed seeds can be reduced, prevention and removal can be carried out before seedling emergence, the problems of crop quality reduction, pesticide residues, environmental pollution and the like are avoided, and the weeding preparation is a sustainable ecological parasitic weed comprehensive prevention and control strategy.

The invention provides an asiatic striga lactone analogue, a preparation method therefor and application of the asiatic striga lactone analogue. The asiatic striga lactone analogue has a structural formula represented by a formula I shown in the description. The asiatic striga lactone analogue provided by the invention has a significant role in the aspects of regulating and controlling the growthand development of plants, promoting the germination of parasitic weed seeds, promoting the stretching of mycelia of arbuscular mycorrhizae, and the like. Natural asiatic striga lactones are complicated in molecular structure and high in artificial synthesis cost. Therefore, the design and synthesis of analogues of the asiatic striga lactones have important scientific and application values. The invention reports preparation and application of the asiatic striga lactone analogue with simple structure and high bioactivity.

The present invention provides a strigolactone structural analog, a preparation method therefor and use thereof. The structural formula is as represented by formula I:. The strigolactone structural analog provided by the present invention plays an important role in regulating plant growth and development, promoting germination of parasitic weed seeds, promoting hyphal elongation of arbuscular mycorrhiza. The natural strigolactone has a complicated molecular structure, and the manual synthesis cost thereof is high. Therefore, designing and synthesizing a strigolactone structural analog has important scientific and application values. The present invention reports the preparation and use of a strigolactone structural analog having a simple structure and a high bioactivity.

The invention provides an application of 5-aminolevulinic acid to improvement of resistance of sunflowers to parasitic weed sunflower orobanche Cumana and further finds that 5-aminolevulinic acid improves the resistance of the sunflowers to orobanche Cumana by promoting the synthesis of an antioxidase in sunflower plants, reducing the levels of MDA and ROS in the sunflower plants and increasing the concentration of GSH in the sunflower plants and the GSH / GSSG ratio. The problem that the growth of the sunflowers is affected by parasitism of sunflower orobanche Cumana in a sunflower planting process is effectively relieved, the usage amount of a herbicide is greatly reduced, and the ecological environment is protected.

The invention relates to synthesis and application of a lactone analogue with an indoline-2-ketone skeleton. The structural general formula of the compounds is shown as a formula (I), R1 represents substituted halogen atoms fluorine, chlorine and bromine or unsubstituted hydrogen atoms, and R2 represents substituted methyl to n-amyl and aromatic ring or benzyl substituent on N atoms. The lactone analogue with an indoline-2-ketone parent nucleus structure is obtained by taking halogen substituted indoline-2-ketone or indoline-2, 3-diketone as a raw material and synthesizing through 2-3 steps. Orobanche coerulescens seeds are used as control objects, a series of compounds are applied to seed germination activity tests, and the compounds have good seed germination activity, can be applied to seed germination of parasitic weed Orobanche coerulescens, and can be used for developing a suicide type herbicide of parasitic weed Orobanche coerulescens. The invention further discloses application of the weeding composition in preventing and treating parasitic weed diseases such as orobanche coerulescens or striga asiatica in combination with agriculturally acceptable auxiliaries, synergists or commercial herbicides.

Herbicides, systems, and methods for inhibiting germination of a root parasitic plant are provided. In particular, the herbicide includes an active compound represented by Formula I. In this regard, the active compound is selected to bind to an active site of strigolactone receptors in seeds of the root parasitic plant.

The present invention uses compound 3-OH-β-apo-13-carotenone (zaxinone) as a negative regulator of the plant hormone strigolactones (SLs). The compound 3-OH-β-apo-13-carotenone is a positive growth regulator which triggers the formation of crown roots and promotes growth in size and number of roots and shoots. Disclosed herein is a method of using 3-OH-β-apo-13-carotenone as a growth-promoting compound for cereal, grain and vegetable crops. The 3-OH-β-apo-13-carotenone compounds is also a negative regulator of strigolactone biosynthesis and release. Disclosed herein is a method of combating root parasitic weeds affecting cereal, grain and vegetable crops. Application of 3-OH-β-apo-13-carotenone to plant growth media down-regulates strigolactone production in cereal, grain and vegetable crops preventing root parasitic weed infestation of the crops by inhibiting germination of parasitic weed seeds.

The invention relates to the field of pesticides, and discloses piperazinone derivatives, a preparation method thereof, an inhibitor, and a method for preventing and controlling root parasitic weeds.The piperazinone derivatives have a structure represented by a formula (I) shown in the description, wherein R<1> is cyclohexenyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl or adamantyl, R<0> is a group having a structure represented by a formula (II), a formula (III) or a formula (IV) shown in the description, R<2> is methylene, methine, difluoromethyl, amino or phenyl, R<3> is an oxygen atom, and R<4> is substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted p-(methylsulphonyl)tolyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenoxy, substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl, a substituted or unsubstituted group shown in the description, a substituted or unsubstituted group shown in the description, or substituted or unsubstituted pyridyl. The piperazinone derivatives provided by the invention have high stability, can efficiently inhibit activity of striga asiatica receptor proteins, and can inhibit germination of root parasitic weed seeds in the presence of strigolactone analogue GR24.

Herbicides, systems, and methods for inhibiting germination of a root parasitic plant are provided. In particular, the herbicide includes an active compound represented by Formula I. In this regard, the active compound is selected to bind to an active site of strigolactone receptors in seeds of the root parasitic plant.