The invention provides phosphate laser neodymium glass. The phosphate laser neodymium glass is higher in stimulated emission cross section, small in thermo-optical coefficient and suitable for high-power laser devices. The phosphate laser neodymium glass comprises, by mol, 50%-70% of P2O5, 1%-15% of Al203, 5%-25% of MO, 10%-20% of R2O, 0.5%-5% of R2O3 and 0.5%-5% of Nb2O5, wherein M in the MO is one or more of Ba, Mg and Zn; R in the R2O is one ore more of LI, Na and K, and R in the R2O3 is one or more of Y, La and Nd. According to the phosphate laser neodymium glass, all components are reasonably allocated, the non-linear refractive index n2 of the obtained phosphate laser neodymium glass is 1.16-1.24(10<-13>esu), the stimulated emission cross section sigma of the obtained phosphate laser neodymium glass is 4.0-4.8(10<-20>cm<2>), and the thermo-optical coefficient ds / dT(20-60 DEG C) of the obtained phosphate laser neodymium glass is 1-2 (10<-7> / K).