The invention relates to the technical field of high-performance computers, and discloses a concurrent computational system for multi-scale discrete simulation. In respect to the multi-scale structure and discrete characteristics of the complex system in the real world, the system maintains the consistency and similarity among simulation object, computation model, frame of algorithm and computer architecture. The system describes the local behavior of the systems in different layers with a large number of adjacent discrete units and describes the collective behavior of the systems in different layers with long-range restraint and correlation, and two-way feedback is applied between the upper layer unit and the lower layer unit. Correspondingly, the special reconfigurable vectorized accelerator group is used as the bottom layer computation hardware, the universal processor array is used as the upper layer computation hardware, and the adjacent processors or accelerators in the same layer can directly communicate or share memory with the processors or accelerators in the part of adjacent layers. Therefore, the system can efficiently and truly simulate complex process and system.