The invention belongs to the field of optical parameter measurement in tissue optical research, and relates to a multichannel near-infrared brain functional imaging parallel detection system, which comprises a light source part, a brain detection part, a detector part, a multifunctional number phase locking detection circuit and a computer. The light source part comprises a plurality of light source units, each group of unit comprises two steady state semiconductor lasers with different wave lengths, digital-to-analogue conversion and filter circuits and current controllers of the two steady state semiconductor lasers, a wavelength division multiplexer and light optical fibers, wherein the light which is produced by the two lasers driven by the current controllers thereof passes by the wavelength division multiplexer, and then passes by the light optical fibers to be fed to the brain detection part; the brain detection part comprises a plurality of optical seats, and the optical seats are connected with one another through link belts to form a netty passage; and all the light optical fibers are connected onto different optical seats. The invention combines the single photon counting technology with the phase locking detection technology, not only the quick imaging requirement is benefited, but also the wide dynamic range requirement is satisfied.