146 results about "Frequency grid" patented technology

Base station identification and downlink synchronization are realized by employing pilots including known symbols transmitted at prescribed frequency tones in individual ones of prescribed time intervals. Specifically, the symbols used in the pilots are uniquely located in a time-frequency grid, where the locations are specified by periodic pilot tone hopping sequences. In a specific embodiment of the invention, a period of a pilot tone hopping sequence is constructed by starting with a Latin-square based hopping sequence, truncating it over time, and possibly offsetting and permuting it over frequency. Particular examples of pilot tone hopping sequences are parallel slope hopping sequences in which the periodicity of the sequences is chosen to be a prime number of symbol time intervals. In another embodiment of the invention, a notion of phantom pilots is employed to facilitate use of various system parameters while accommodating the above noted pilot tone hopping sequences.

An apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention for mixing a first frame of a first input data stream and a second frame of a second input data stream has a processing unit adapted to generate an output frame, wherein the output frame has output spectral data describing a lower part of an output spectrum up to an output cross-over frequency, and wherein the output frame further has output SBR-data describing a higher part of the output spectrum above the output cross-over frequency by way of energy-related values in an output time/frequency grid resolution. The processing unit is further adapted such that the output spectral data corresponding to frequencies below a minimum value of cross-over frequencies of the first frame, the second frame and the output cross-over frequency is generated in a spectral domain and the output SBR-data corresponding to frequencies above a maximum value of cross-over frequencies of the first and second frames and the output cross-over frequency is processed in a SBR-domain.

An SBR encoder includes a filter bank that receives an input signal, a time/frequency grid generator that controls a number of bits of various parameters, a parameter calculator that calculates various parameters, a parameter coding unit that encodes the parameters, a multiplexer that multiplexes encoded data, an upper-limit number-of-bit storage unit that stores an upper limit of the number of bit of encoded data of high-frequency component finally generated in a high-pass encoding process, and a number-of-bit controller. The number-of-bit controller controls the high-pass encoding process by preferentially encoding a parameter having a large influence to sound quality and not encoding a parameter having a small influence to the sound quality relative to a plurality of parameters, so that the number of bits of the encoded data of high-frequency component finally generated in the high-pass encoding process becomes equal to or less than the upper limit to be stored in the upper-limit number-of-bit storage unit.

Embodiments are provided for pre-cancelling signal interference in Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM). Signal interference is pre-cancelled, at a transmitter, so that clean pilots are observed at a receiver and hence used for channel estimation. Using a Pilot-Interference Cancellation (Pilot-IC) method, interference is pre-cancelled at only pilot symbols. Alternatively, interference is simultaneously pre-cancelled at all symbols using a Transmitter IC (Tx-IC) method. The embodiments also include scattering the pilots over frequency and time resources to estimate channels which are frequency selective and time-variant. The channel estimates at the receiver are then used for single-tap channel equalization at time-frequency grid data points, where no assumption of time-invariant channels is required.

Non-invasive methods for detecting arterial disease in vivo include obtaining acoustic signals from a sensor held on an external body region proximate an artery. A complex frequency grid of frequencies and associated lifetimes of the obtained acoustic signals is generated. A predictive model of complex frequencies associated with peak-perturbation acoustic signals attributed to boundary perturbations in vivo that occur with early stage arterial disease is provided. A predictive model of complex frequencies associated with line-perturbation acoustic signals attributed to boundary perturbations in vivo that occur with later stage arterial disease and thickening of arterial junctions is also provided. It is determined whether peak and/or line-perturbation acoustic signals of the predictive models are present to detect whether the subject has arterial disease.

A tunable PLC optical filter having sequentially connected thermally tunable Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometers is described. The MZ interferometers, having free spectral ranges matching ITU frequency grid spacing, are tuned so as to have a common passband centered on the frequency of the signal being selected, while having at least one of the stopbands centered on any other ITU frequency. Any other optical channel that may be present at any other ITU frequency is suppressed as a result. The PLC chip, including a zero-dispersion lattice-filter interleaver stage, a switchable fine-resolution stage and, or a retroreflector for double passing the filter, is packaged into a hot-pluggable XFP transceiver package. A compensation heater is used to keep constant the amount of heat applied to the PLC chip inside the XFP package, so as to lessen temperature variations upon tuning of the PLC optical filter.

The invention discloses a river ecological flow calculation method. The method comprises the steps of collecting long-series day-by-day flow data of a river hydrological survey station, counting annual average flow, arranging the annual average flow as a data series according to a descending order no matter what the annual sequence is, calculating an experience frequency greater than or equal to the corresponding annual average flow in the series, and plotting an experience frequency point data graph on frequency grid paper; selecting a hydrological frequency distribution line type as PearsonIII type distribution; estimating initial estimation values of an average flow mean value and a deviation coefficient by using a moment method, calculating flow values corresponding to different accumulated frequencies, drawing a Pearson III-type theoretical frequency curve, judging a fitting condition of the Pearson III-type theoretical frequency curve and experience point data, and if the Pearson III-type theoretical frequency curve is matched with the experience point data, taking a parameter corresponding to the curve as an estimation value of an overall parameter; and finally, solving a flow value of 90% guarantee rate on the Pearson III-type theoretical frequency curve, namely the river ecological flow. The lower end or the upper end of the empirical frequency curve can be extended,and the defect of no actual measurement point data is overcome.

The invention discloses a downlink transmission method and system for an unauthorized spectrum. The downlink transmission method comprises the following steps: sequentially performing symbol division from one end of each of partial subframes according to the number of symbols of the partial subframes; calculating the sizes of schedulable resource blocks of the partial subframes according to the number of the symbols and the sizes of pre-allocated resource blocks; calculating the time-frequency grid of downlink transmission according to the sizes of the schedulable resource blocks and the number of the symbols; and mapping the PDSCH resource and downlink reference signals to the time-frequency grid to perform downlink transmission according to a preset mapping rule, wherein the mapping positions of the PDSCH resource and the downlink reference signals are not overlapped. By adopting the downlink transmission method and system disclosed by the invention, the technical problem of effectively performing downlink transmission on the partial subframes can be solved, and the throughput of communication systems can be increased.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a signal transmission method and apparatus used in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) wireless communication system, to enhance stability of signal transmission and resist time-frequency dispersion. The signal transmission method used in the OFDMA wireless communication system provided by an embodiment of the invention includes: converting an L×1 symbol vector into an N×1 modulating signal vector according to a loading factor fed back by a receiving party, in which value of N is known, both L and N are natural numbers larger than one, N is larger than or equal to L, the loading factor is a ratio of L and N; mapping the N×1 modulating signal vector into N time-frequency grids; and converting the N time-frequency grids into a signal waveform and sending the signal waveform to the receiving party.

A wavelength tunable mode-locked laser system including a complex laser cavity comprising a broadband reflective mirror at one end and a wavelength chirped selective mirror at the other end. The system further includes a gain element and a low finesse Fabry-Perot etalon element inside the laser cavity. The gain element may be a semiconductor laser chip, with a broadband high reflection coating at one end and a partially reflecting coating at its other end. The gain element has a well-defined length, such that its longitudinal modes match a required optical frequency grid. The system also includes an active modulation element applied externally on said complex laser cavity to provide mode-locking of a specific cavity length among said defined predetermined cavity lengths, such that all possible optical frequencies emitted by the laser system are stabilized to the linear grid dictated by the Fabry-Perot longitudinal modes, that could be in accordance with the International Telecommunications Union Standards.

A tunable PLC optical filter having sequentially connected thermally tunable Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometers is described. The cascade of MZ interferometers, each having a free spectral ranges matching ITU frequency grid spacing, are tuned so as to have a common passband centered on the frequency of the signal being selected, while having at least one of the stopbands centered on any other ITU frequency. Any other optical channel that may be present at any other ITU frequency is suppressed as a result. Another MZ interferometer in series with the cascade of interferometers including an asymmetric or variable coupler, is tuned to have low transmission at the center frequency of the selected optical channel.

The invention relates to a bandwidth extension coding and decoding method and apparatus. The combination of adaptive multiresolution filtering and adaptive time-frequency grid structure and a plurality of linear prediction encoding high-frequency details generates two key technologies, so that the high-frequency part encoding efficiency of digital audio signals and the sound quality of high-frequency part signals can be obviously improved, the low-frequency part of the digital audio signals can still be encoded by means of the traditional perceptual audio coding (for example DRA), and the encoding technology with high subjective sound quality at low bit rate and medium bit rate is realized. In another aspect, an enhancement tool is added on the basis of a current high-quality perceptual coding algorithm such as the DRA, in this way, the downward compatibility with the traditional perceptual coding DRA or other algorithms can be guaranteed. A digital audio encoding and decoding device based on the bandwidth extension coding and decoding method and apparatus can be applied to the fields of satellite HDTV sound accompaniment processing and high-quality audio broadcasting.