The invention discloses a shape memory oviduct contraception device for realizing contraception. The device comprises a contraceptive suppository and a placer, wherein the contraceptive suppository is made of a macromolecular polymer material with shape memory effect; the shape memory polymer material is a polymer material of multistage polyurethane based on lactide and 1,4-p-dioxanone; the contraceptive suppository comprises a front section, a middle section and a tail section; the front section comprises a front part and a middle rear part, wherein the front part is of shuttle shape with smooth surface, and the middle rear part is a cylinder of which the surface is provided with a plurality of undulations; and the placer comprises an outer sleeve and an inner sheath. The device places the contraceptive suppository which maintains small diameter before placing in a perfect position inside the oviduct through a hysteroscope, and the contraceptive suppository is gradually deformed by the action of human body temperature and is restored to the initial shape of the contraceptive suppository, thereby completely blocking the oviduct to achieve the aim of contraception. The device has the advantages of convenience, high efficiency, safety, reliable contraception effect, non toxic or side effect and the like, and is applicable to popularization and application on a large scale.