63 results about "Cluster sampling" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for on-site sampling and pollution degree measurement of insulator pollution. The method adopts a sampling cloth to directly wipe the pollution on the surface of the insulator to be tested without taking off the insulator, and completes the collection of pollution on the surface of the insulator to be tested. According to GB / T16434 or Q / GDW152-2006 measure the salt density and ash density value of the dirt on the sampling cloth, that is to get the salt density and ash density value of the surface of the insulator to be tested. The method of the invention does not need to take off the insulator, and has the advantages of convenient on-site measurement, small sampling workload, accurate measurement data and the like.

The invention discloses a method for monitoring horizontal well staged fracturing effects by a micro-element tracer. The method mainly includes the steps: 1) selecting a micro-element with low background concentration as the tracer; 2) estimating the dosage of the tracer at each stage according to the dosage of fracturing fluid at each stage; 3) adding the tracers into a fracturing blender truck by a constant-flow pump through a ground low-pressure pipeline, and adding different tracers into different layer stages in fracturing; 4) performing cluster sampling on fracturing flow-back fluid after fracturing, detecting concentration of the tracer in the flow-back fluid, drawing a curve of the concentration of the tracer along with time variation, calculating water yield of each stage, analyzing fracture morphology after each stage is fractured, determining contribution of each stage to the water yield, and defining connectivity between a well bore and a well after fracturing. The method solves the problems that signal-to-noise ratio is low, reliability is poor, cost is high, radioactive contamination is generated, and the fracturing effects of each stage cannot be accurately evaluatedafter horizontal well staged fracturing is implemented.

The invention relates to a water sampler, which comprises a bucket body, wherein the bucket body is composed of an upper side bucket wall and a lower side bucket wall; a water outlet is formed in the upper end of the bucket body; a water inlet is formed in the lower end of the bucket body; an upper folding plate is arranged at the upper end of the upper side bucket wall; a lower folding plate is arranged at the lower end of the lower side bucket wall; an upper cover plate correspondingly matched with the upper folding plate is rotatably connected to the water outlet; a lower cover plate correspondingly matched with the lower folding plate is rotatably connected to the water inlet; a cable is connected onto the outer bucket wall through a semi-circular handle; a water depth display is connected to the cable; a rotating shaft is connected with the lower cover plate; a balancing weight is connected onto the rotating shaft through a balancing weight rope. The water sampler has the advantages that the volume of the bucket body is adjustable; the water sampler has no hindrance in water intake and discharge, is capable of ensuring an accurate water sample, has time-saving and labor-saving effects, is light in weight, convenient to operate, intuitive in water sampling, low in manufacture cost, portable and suitable for field sampling work and can be widely applied to water sampling of different water fields; the quality of sampled water and test results are improved.

The invention relates to a shallow water quality sampler and aims at solving the problem of insufficient representativeness of a water sample caused by the damage of a sampling bottle of the existing water sampler to a water flow field. The shallow water quality sampler comprises a handheld rod, wherein a sampling bottle is arranged at the bottom end of the handheld rod in a clamping manner. The shallow water quality sampler is characterized in that a sampling bottle body is perpendicular to the handheld rod and arranged horizontally, and two sides of the sampling bottle are respectively provided with a water inlet valve which can be opened and closed. According to the shallow water quality sampler, a universal connection structure is adopted for fixing the sampling bottle, so that the direction of the sampling bottle can be automatically adjusted along with the water flow. The sampling bottle is arranged horizontally at the bottom of the handheld rod, and the water inlet direction is conformed to the direction of the water flow and the stability of the water flow field is maintained, so that the representativeness of the water sample is high; and a universal adjustable fixing mode is adopted for fixing the sampling bottle, so that the direction of the sampling bottle can be adjusted along with the water flow when water at a part in which the water flow is difficult to judge is sampled, and the stability of the water flow field is maintained; and two ends of the top of the horizontal sampling bottle are respectively provided with an exhaust valve which is capable of smoothly and safely exhausting gas during water sampling, so that the water is prevented from being affected by the gas in the sampling bottle.

The invention discloses a closed type seawater sampling system, which aims to provide a seawater sampling system which not only is convenient to operate and low in labor intensity in the water sampling system, but also can meet the actual requirement of high-density sampling. The closed type seawater sampling system comprises a rack, a water pump, a water pumping pipeline, a connecting pipeline, a water exhaust pipeline, a vertical water storage cylinder, a sampling inlet and outlet, a first piston body and a lifting actuating device, wherein the vertical water storage cylinder is fixedly arranged on the rack; the sampling inlet and outlet is formed in the lower end of the vertical water storage cylinder; the first piston rod is arranged right below the sampling inlet and outlet; the lifting actuating device is arranged on the rack and is used for lifting the first piston rod; the first piston rod can move upward into the sampling inlet and outlet and seal the sampling inlet and outlet; the lower part of the side surface of the vertical water storage cylinder is provided with a water inlet; the upper end of the vertical water storage cylinder is provided with a water outlet; one end of the water pumping pipeline is connected with an inlet of the water pump; one end of the connecting pipeline is connected with a water outlet of the water pump, and the other end of the connecting pipeline is connected with a water inlet of the vertical water storage cylinder; one end of the water exhaust pipeline is connected with a water outlet of the vertical water storage cylinder.

The invention discloses a storage battery charge and discharge curve sampling system comprising a test load unit which is used for providing different resistance values at different times; a control unit which controls the connection state of the test load unit and a storage battery; a sampling unit; an automatic storage unit; and an automatic tracking unit which automatically detects the change of the current value and the voltage value in a sampling curve and adjusts the sampling frequency to focus on sampling of current and voltage fluctuation periods. Compared with the systems and the methods in the prior art, random sampling sites are inserted in the sampling process for detecting drastic fluctuation of the sampling curve in the sampling process, and the sampling frequency is increased for the curve of drastic fluctuation so that the storage battery charge and discharge curve can be recorded in a detailed way, high frequency sampling is adopted in the key curve periods, low frequency sampling is adopted in the normal periods, and thus sampling resources like storage space and sampling time can be effectively and reasonably allocated, the key periods can be focused and the efficiency is high.

The invention discloses a parallel decoding method and a parallel decoding system for multi-tag signals in a backscattering protocol. The parallel decoding method comprises the steps of: acquiring anIQ domain signal sequence and clustering sampling points to obtain a plurality of clusters, and identifying all neighbor clusters of each cluster according to a transition probability between arbitrary two clusters; acquiring layers of the clusters according to all the acquired clusters and all the neighbor clusters of each cluster; determining level combinations corresponding to each layer of theclusters; and identifying a level combination sequence corresponding to the IQ domain signal sequence according to a cluster to which each signal belongs, decomposing the level combination sequence to obtain a level transmission sequence corresponding to each tag, and completing the decoding of each tag. The parallel decoding method and the parallel decoding system realize the decoding of a plurality of collision tags in a dynamic environment, and are very suitable for a highly dynamic and highly unstable backward scattering system in practical application. Since the parallel decoding methodand the parallel decoding system do not depend on stability of signals, the tag side does not need to make any changes, thereby reducing energy consumption of the tag side and improving the reliability and robustness of the algorithm.

The invention relates to an in-situ pore water sampling column and a water sampling method thereof. The in-situ pore water sampling column comprises a drilling head and at least two sampler units; the sampler units are connected through a hoop; each sampler unit comprises an electromagnetic valve mounting barrel, a sampling tube, a wastewater cabin, a sample cabin, an electromagnetic valve, a composite filter layer, a balance piston, a control cable and a guide pipe. The water sampling method includes the steps of preprocessing of the sampler units, drilling, deep-water sampling and lifting. The in-situ pore water sampling column and the water sampling method thereof have the advantages that deep bed water can be effectively sampled under high purity, the ability of equipment to adapt to and resist marine pressure changes is improved, operational stability and reliability of equipment is improved, operating is simple and regular, efficiency of deep bed water sampling is effectively improved, and operational skill level of operators can be increased.

The invention provides a sandstone thermal storage geothermal resource recycle utilization optimal well network layout method. The method comprises the steps that 1, a geothermal geological model anda geothermal numerical model are built; 2, the single well water yield is calculated according to an analytical method, correction is conducted by applying an internal geothermal water sampling well,and a water yield calculation formula suitable for a research area is established; 3, the research area geothermal utilization resource requirements are determined, and the optimal water sampling well, the rate of the recharge well number, the water sampling well number and the recharge well number are determined in combination with the recharge condition; 4, according to the fact that by means ofthe age limit, single well water sampling and recharge temperature field and pressure field numerical simulation are conducted, it is determined that temperatures and pressure of the water sampling well and the recharge well affect the radius; 5, the optimal well network layout is determined. According to the method, the problems that at present, in domestic geothermal development and utilization, recharge is not thorough, the thermal storage pressure is lowered, and the thermal storage temperature is lowered are solved, the optical well network layout is put forward, and the geothermal resource recycle utilization efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to a cluster head multiple selection energy balance routing method. An existing clustering routing method has the problems that the quantity of cluster heads is unstable, the cluster heads are unreasonably distributed, the existing clustering routing method is lack of the consideration of node residual energy, and inter-cluster single-hop communication causes overlarge cluster head energy consumption and imbalance. The method mainly comprises the following three contents: the strategy of cluster head multiple selection at the clustering stage, cluster head selection algorithm and non cluster head node into cluster algorithm taking energy factor into account, and a heuristic inter-cluster multi-hop communication mechanism at the stable transmission stage. The method ensures that the quantity of generated cluster heads is stable and the cluster heads are uniformly distributed, effectively reduces the energy consumption of a network, balances energy among nodes, and obviously prolongs the life cycle of the network.

The invention discloses a power grid risk assessment method considering component reliability of a photovoltaic power plant. The power grid risk assessment method comprises the steps of: firstly, classifying key components of the photovoltaic power plant according to a component failure mechanism, establishing a two-state model of an inverter and a multi-state model of a photovoltaic array respectively, and generating a photovoltaic power plant output power probability model considering component reliability through state sampling; secondly, extracting a photovoltaic output value according tothe established model, determining shutdown states and system loading states of a conventional generator and a conventional line, and acquiring a deterministic system state of a single sampling; thirdly, calculating a load shedding amount of a one-time deterministic sampling system by adopting a DC power flow optimal load shedding algorithm; and finally, calculating a system loss-of-load probability and an expected energy not supplied risk indicator through non-sequential Monte Carlo simulation. The power grid risk assessment method regards all the components of the photovoltaic array as a whole, classifies the components into a multi-state model according to a cumulative distribution function of the photovoltaic array, effectively alleviates the problems of large memory consumption, slowsampling speed, low calculation efficiency and the like caused by sampling the state of each photovoltaic components, and improve the efficiency of risk assessment for a power grid containing the photovoltaic power plant.

The invention relates to a method for realizing complete alternation sampling in a dynamic balancing measuring system. The method comprises the steps of preset the sampling period and the sampling time period; staring a sampling key phase signal and an analog signal; placing the sampling results of the key phase signal and the analog signal to corresponding arrays according to the sampling sequence; searching for the rising edge, calculating rotation speed from the sampling result of the key phase in the corresponding arrays, extracting corresponding data in the analog signal array according to the subscript as the data of the complete alternation, and picking out required data from the data of the complete alternation. The invention realizes the complete alternation sampling for mechanical rotor oscillation signal on Windows operating system on the basis of the hardware of a PC and data acquisition card, reduces the development cost of the dynamic balancing measuring system and improves the flexibility of the system.

The invention discloses a remote-control sampling device for water quality detection. The device comprises a remote control ship, wherein a sampling mechanism is mounted on the remote control ship andcomprises a mounting plate and a plurality of sampling tubes fixed on the bottom surface of the mounting plate, the sampling tubes are annularly and uniformly distributed around the center of the mounting plate, a water inlet is formed in the wall of the upper end of each sampling tube, each sampling tube outside the water inlet is sleeved with a rotary sealing sleeve, and a water inlet slot matched with the water inlet of each sampling tube is formed in each rotary sealing sleeve; support lugs are formed on the outer walls of the rotary sealing sleeves, rotating rods are fixed on the supportlugs, the upper ends of the rotating rods penetrate through circular arc slots formed in the mounting plate, a first compressed spring is connected between each rotating rod and the side wall of oneend of the corresponding circular arc slot, a second compressed spring is connected between each rotating rod and the side wall of the other end of the corresponding circular arc slot, a push cylinderwith a piston rod matched with one rotating rod is arranged on one side of one rotating rod and fixed at one end of a rocker arm. The device is conveniently applied to water sampling at each site ofa reservoir.

The invention provides an in-place steam and water sampling device for a power plant and a sampling method. A sampler is added to a steam and water main pipeline or an original in-place steam and water sampling pipeline, a water sample flows out of the sampler and then is subjected to temperature reduction and pressure reduction in place by a fluidization cooler, a tubular cooler and a pressure reducing valve, and parameters such as temperature, pressure and the like of the water sample can meet requirements of chemical instrument measurement and manual sampling analysis; cooling water of thefluidization cooler and the tubular cooler carries away heat of the steam and water sample through boiling evaporation, air cooling and in other cooling ways, and supplementary water of the cooling water comes from the water sample, and additional supplementation of the cooling water is not needed; in-place steam and water sampling is realized under the condition of lack of cooling water in the place of a sampling point, influence of a sampling pipeline on steam and water quality is reduced to the greatest extent, and steam and water sampling representation is improved greatly.

The invention discloses a food safety detection sampling box, belongs to the field of food safety sampling equipment, and aims to solve the problems of simple function and inconvenience to use in a traditional good sampling device. An inner cavity of a box body is divided into an upper sampling section and a lower refrigerating section by a section separation plate; one side wall of the upper sampling section is a side box door; the center of the upper surface of the section separation plate is fixedly connected with a slide end of an extension support shaft; an extension tail end of the extension support shaft is rotationally connected with the outer surface of the cylinder bottom of a test tube insertion cylinder; a slide way is formed in the upper surface of the section separation plate from the center to the side box door; a pair of slots is formed in the section separation plate; the outer surface of the cylinder bottom of the test tube insertion cylinder is connected with a pair of fixed insertion pieces; the pair of fixed insertion pieces are inserted with the pair of slots; multiple pits are formed in the inner cavity cylinder bottom of the test tube insertion cylinder; an insertion plate is arranged in a port of the test tube insertion cylinder, and is provided with multiple insertion holes; and test tubes are respectively inserted in each insertion hole and the corresponding pit. The food safety detection sampling box is used for sampling in the food inspection process.

The invention is suitable for the field of remote sensing communication and provides remote sensing data sampling method. The method comprises arranging sampling points based on land utilization or cover classification remote sensing thematic map information extraction achievements, wherein the sampling points are arranged according to the patch distribution density of the existing classification achievements; carrying out high density point in areas, of which the patch density is concentrated and selecting satellite images; and on the basis of field survey, control points of on-site sampling being overlapped with the sampling points and finally determining the number of the overlapped sampling points. The invention also provides a remote sensing data sampling system. The remote sensing data sampling method and system provided in the invention can greatly reduce complex degree of sampling means, and meanwhile, enables the sampling efficiency and accuracy to be obviously improved.

The invention provides a water sampling and sample mixing system for an outdoor water quality automatic monitoring station. The system comprises: a sample mixing cup, a water acquisition pipeline anda timer, wherein the sample mixing cup is provided with a water inlet, an overflow port and a water outlet; the water acquisition pipeline comprises a front pipeline, a sampling pipe, an overflow pipe, a breather pipe and an exhaust pipe; and the timer is connected to a water inlet valve, a recoil valve, a sampling valve and a blowoff valve, and is used for controlling the opening cycle and opening times of the water inlet valve, the recoil valve, the sampling valve and the blowoff valve. Through the technical scheme of the invention, each monitoring object is a mixed water sample in two watersampling monitoring interval times, which can reflect the comprehensive situation of water quality in the monitoring blank time period to some extent.

The invention discloses a power grid planning method oriented towards cluster planning of a city. The power grid planning method comprises the steps of: basic data collection of clusters, analogical matching of clusters, load prediction and layering and district planning. According to the power grid planning method oriented towards cluster planning of the city, the defect that a traditional district planning is not suitable for special district planning is overcome; according to the state of regional economic development, the clustering type planning idea and method for power grids are provided in combination with functional difference of the clusters and hierarchy of city planning; the similar clusters are selected through comparing properties, such as regional factors, economic positions, land allocation and load densities, of the clusters, so that dimensionality of planning computation can be simplified; and therefore, the power grid planning method is applicable to construction planning of urban power grids with quickly increased loads.

The invention discloses a clustering sampling method based on a kohonen neural network, and the method comprises the following specific steps: inputting data, and extracting attribute features; clustering kononen neural network according to the extracted attribute features; determining the total sample amount by utilizing relative errors; giving different sample quantities to each class accordingto the big class of the clustered samples and the attribute characteristics of the big class; and after the sample size of each category is determined, stratified sampling is carried out in each category, allocating corresponding weights and acquiring a final sampling sample. The situation that the sample points cannot be concentrated in a certain kind of enterprises in the whole is ensured, and enterprises which really need to be investigated can be extracted. The Pareto effect existing in an export enterprise and the influence of the limitation of a traditional sampling method on a samplingresult are improved; and most extracted enterprises are prevented from being enterprises with the same attribute characteristics.

The invention discloses a person comparison method based on combined template cluster sampling matching. The method comprises the following steps: 1) a plurality of single-person pictures and one multiple-person picture are inputted, wherein the persons in the plurality of single-person pictures are a same person; 2) a single-person multiple-instance combined template is extracted from the plurality of single-person pictures, and an alternative target set is extracted from the multiple-person picture; 3) a body matching candidate graph is established through the single-person multiple-instance combined template and the alternative target set; 4) and the body matching candidate graph is solved to find the best person body matching. According to the method, the position and logical relationship among person bodies is taken into account, so the accuracy rate of person comparison can be effectively improved.

The invention relates to a tube orifice diameter variable spliced sampling instrument which structurally comprises a steady flow buffer tube for receiving a pumped polluted water sample and performing steady flow conveying on the polluted water sample, a pump tube connection mechanism connected with a polluted water sample output pump tube, a diversion pressure regulating valve for regulating water flow pressure of the polluted water sample, a pressure gauge for detecting the water flow pressure, a sampling hose leading the polluted water sample under a laminar condition out of the steady flow buffer tube via a streamline water outlet for water sampling, and a concentric flow regulator for regulating a flow rate of the collected water sample. The instrument changes the composition, the structure and the operating principle of the original organic polluted water sampling device, has the characteristics of small size, light weight, wide application scope, convenience in carrying and mounting, simplicity in operation, safety in use, prevention of a pollution link in a collection process of the sample and the like, improves the fidelity of the collected sample, lowers the collecting cost of the sample, and ensures the safety of personnel and equipment, and the universality of the sampling instrument is improved.

The invention relates to an unbalance data classifying method based on cluster sampling kernel transformation and belongs to the field of unbalance data classification. The unbalance data classifying method based on cluster sampling kernel transformation aims to solve the problem that a traditional unbalance data classifying method is poor in classifying effect. The unbalance data classifying method based on cluster sampling kernel transformation comprises the steps that (1) unbalance data to be classified are vectorized, and an unbalance data set is obtained; (2) resample is conducted on vectors in the unbalance data set based on a dynamic self-organizing map cluster sampling method, and an unbalance data set is obtained after resample is conducted; (3) a kernel function of a classifier SVM is transformed, the unbalance data set obtained in the step (2) after resample is conducted is classified by using the classifier SVM obtained after kernel transformation is conducted, and a classified unbalance data set is obtained. The unbalance data classifying method based on cluster sampling kernel transformation is applied to medical diagnoses, insurance and other fraud detection, protein detection, fault detection, client loss prediction and other fields.

The invention discloses an evaluation method for a recovery function of species diversity of an artificial forest. Multi-scale sampling is carried out on a tested artificial forest; the species diversity is decomposed in multiple scales by a species diversity additive distribution method, and a contribution process of a species diversity component on each scale can be observed; a random species diversity pattern is constructed by boots trapping randomization, and an observation value and a predicated value are compared to disclose a construction process (a random or non-random process) of the species diversity of the artificial forest; the difference between the artificial forest and a natural forest is compared on each scale by taking a top-grade natural forest of an evaluation region as an evaluation standard; the recovery effect and recovery potential of the species diversity under the artificial forest can be effectively evaluated.

The invention discloses a method and device for multi-layer sampling of gas and water in a drill hole. The method comprises the following steps of: A, putting a water suction pump and a packer in a specified layer position in the drill hole; B, opening a nitrogen cylinder, adjusting a pressure reducing valve, injecting nitrogen into the packer through a setting pipe, and realizing setting of the packer; C, switching on a power supply, and starting the water suction pump for sampling; D, after sampling, switching off the power supply, turning off the water suction pump, and releasing nitrogen in the packer to realize deblocking of the packer; and E, lifting the packer and the water suction pump to the depth, and carrying out gas and water multi-layer sampling at the inner layer position ofthe drill hole. The water suction pump is connected with the packer through a drill rod, a water suction pump cable penetrates through the packer and is connected with the power supply; the packer isconnected with the pressure reducing valve and the nitrogen cylinder through the setting pipe, the packer is connected with a gas and water separation device through the drill rod; an upper outlet isconnected with a gas sampling bag; and a lower outlet is connected with a water sampling bottle. The device has the advantages of simple principle, clear structure, low cost, convenience in installation, simplicity and convenience in sampling, accurate and credible result and good application prospect.

The invention relates to a tube orifice diameter variable spliced sampling instrument which structurally comprises a steady flow buffer tube for receiving a pumped polluted water sample and performing steady flow conveying on the polluted water sample, a pump tube connection mechanism connected with a polluted water sample output pump tube, a diversion pressure regulating valve for regulating water flow pressure of the polluted water sample, a pressure gauge for detecting the water flow pressure, a sampling hose leading the polluted water sample under a laminar condition out of the steady flow buffer tube via a streamline water outlet for water sampling, and a concentric flow regulator for regulating a flow rate of the collected water sample. The instrument has the characteristics of small size, light weight, wide application scope, convenience in carrying and mounting, simplicity in operation, safety in use, prevention of a pollution link in a collection process of the sample and the like, improves the fidelity of the collected sample, lowers the collecting cost of the sample, and ensures the safety of personnel and equipment, and the universality of the sampling instrument is improved.

The invention discloses a sampling mechanism applied to water tank water quality detection. The sampling mechanism comprises a sampling pipe, wherein connection mechanisms connected with a water tankare respectively arranged at the two ends of the sampling pipe, the sampling pipe comprises at least one section of inclined pipe, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the inclined pipe, a perpendicular drip tube is further arranged on the inclined pipe, the perpendicular drip tube is further provided with a valve, and the perpendicular drip tube is arranged above the electromagnetic valve. According to the sampling mechanism applied to the water tank water quality detection disclosed by the invention, water in a water tank can be pumped into the sampling pipe by a water pump; furthermore,the two ends of the sampling pipe are both connected to the water tank, and water can be pumped at any time; after the water is pumped, the electromagnetic valve is turned off, the residual part of water can flow into the perpendicular drip tube through the inclined pipe, and water sampling is finished; the whole process is convenient and quick, and no water is wasted; furthermore, a sampling process is performed under the closed situation, so that the situations of secondary pollution and water waste are avoided.

A desulfurization liquid pH value sampling system capable of clarifying slurry and preventing slurry plugging belongs to the field of environment-friendly measurement instruments. Different from the prior art, a pH value meter is arranged in the pH value sampling system rather than putting an electrode of the value meter at a routine test position, so that the electrode of pH value meter avoids contact with a desulfurization slurry or contacts the desulfurization slurry as less as possible during a sampling process. Therefore, the system can prevent pollution or wrapping of the electrode of the pH meter by desulfurization slurry, extend the verification period of the pH meter and prolong the service life. A slurry plugging remover is made of a metal pipe; the inner wall surface of the pipe is subjected to grinding and polishing; the side wall of the pipe is provided with more than 2 inclined holes having a 100 DEG-170 DEG angle with a side of normal of the pipe; the inclined holes are through holes; and the surface of the hole wall is subjected to grinding and polishing. Usually, the system is fixed on a supporting frame, and the supporting frame is fixed in a casket container of the sampling device for usage.

The invention discloses a floating solar wireless water environment chemical oxygen demand monitoring method. The method comprises the following steps: water sampling is performed through a solar floating constant temperature automatic water quality sampling device; a liquid to be tested is injected into a photoelectric machine visual unit; reagent in a reagent bottle is injected into the photoelectric machine visual unit through a micro pump array; the liquid to be tested and the reagent are mixed; the liquid to be tested is observed and monitored through an LED (light-emitting diode) light source in a photoelectric machine visual testing chamber and a micro color camera; data analysis is performed according to program commands of an embedded system so as to obtain the test result; and finally the liquid to be tested is recovered through a liquid recovery chamber. The method has the benefits that firstly a water solar floating system and an energy management unit are realized, so that solar energy can be obtained from water of field environment, the problem of automatic on-line monitoring to environment water quality COD parameters is solved, the convenience in distribution and unmanned property are realized, and the method is suitable for monitoring large-scale water area.

The invention discloses a bond market default risk early warning method based on interpretable machine learning, and relates to the field of unbalanced data processing in machine learning. A clustering sampling technology and an XGBoost machine learning algorithm are combined, an SHAP method is used for explaining a model prediction result on the basis, related samples of the China bond market in 2014-2020 are collected through an available channel, variables passing statistical test are included in a model for training and verification of the model, and the output of the method is the default risk probability. And the prediction result can be explained globally and locally through the Shapley value, through the above technical scheme, more accurate debt default risk prediction is realized, the prediction of the model can be explained on the premise of not sacrificing the precision of the model, and the defect of weak explanation of a machine learning model is made up. The overall importance of each index can be effectively identified through global interpretation, the influence of each index on each enterprise is further quantified through local interpretation, and difference research on the microscopic level is facilitated.

The invention relates to a tube orifice diameter variable spliced sampling instrument which structurally comprises a steady flow buffer tube for receiving a pumped polluted water sample and performing steady flow conveying on the polluted water sample, a pump tube connection mechanism connected with a polluted water sample output pump tube, a diversion pressure regulating valve for regulating water flow pressure of the polluted water sample, a pressure gauge for detecting the water flow pressure, a sampling hose leading the polluted water sample under a laminar condition out of the steady flow buffer tube via a streamline water outlet for water sampling, and a concentric flow regulator for regulating a flow rate of the collected water sample. The instrument changes the composition, the structure and the operating principle of the original organic polluted water sampling device, has the characteristics of small size, light weight, wide application scope, convenience in carrying and mounting, simplicity in operation, safety in use, prevention of a pollution link in a collection process of the sample and the like, improves the fidelity of the collected sample, lowers the collecting cost of the sample, and ensures the safety of personnel and equipment, and the universality of the sampling instrument is improved.