The invention relates to a testing device and method for simulating the backflow of a propping agent. The testing device mainly comprises a liquid storage pot, a chamber pump, a pipeline heating sleeve, a flow meter, a diversion chamber, displacement sensors, an oil pressing machine, a sand sample collector, a waste liquid pot, a data acquiring and controlling panel, and a computer. The testing method comprises the following steps: propping agent is paved between two rock plates and is loaded in the diversion chamber, the chamber pump is opened to be driven by small discharge, the displacement sensors are arranged at two sides of the oil pressing machine, and are loaded to design pressure, the computer, the pipeline heating sleeve and an electric heating rod are started to adjust the discharge of the chamber pump, all data are transmitted to the computer through the data acquiring and controlling panel, the discharge is gradually increased to obtain the backflow critical flow velocityof the propping agent under certain closing pressure, and the closing pressure is gradually increased to obtain the backflow critical flow velocity of the propping agent under the condition of different closing pressure. The invention can simulate the real condition of the backflow of the propping agent in pressing cracks, and meets the testing requirement of the backflow of the propping agent under the condition of different environments.