The invention belongs to the technical field of blisk laser shock strengthening, in particular to a laser shock strengthening device of a blisk. The laser shock strengthening device of the blisk comprises an upper computer, a track robot, a laser device, a light path system, a laser head, a water delivery system, a water delivery robot system and a monitoring system, wherein the upper computer is connected with the track robot, the laser device, the light path system, the laser head, the water delivery system, the water delivery robot system and the monitoring system, the blisk is connected with the tail end of an arm of the track robot through a clamp, laser emitted from the laser device is transmitted through the laser device and then irradiates a processing area of the surface of the blisk through the laser head, a flexible tube of the water delivery system is connected with a nozzle at the tail end of an arm of a water delivery robot of the water delivery robot system, and water is ejected from the nozzle to the processing area of the surface of the blisk. The laser shock strengthening device of the blisk has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to use, reliable in installation, high in processing efficiency and the like. Production efficiency is improved and uniformity and stability of shock strengthening are guaranteed at the same time.