42results about How to "Lower limit temperature" patented technology

Disclosed is a novel compound, namely a pentacyclic liquid crystal compound having a CF2O bonding group, which has general physical properties necessary for a compound, stability against heat and light, a wide temperature range of a liquid crystal phase, a high clearing point, good compatibility with other compounds, and large dielectric anisotropy and large refractive anisotropy. This pentacyclic liquid crystal compound has a particularly high clearing point and particularly large refractive anisotropy. Also disclosed are a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display.

Disclosed is a liquid crystalline medium which has a wide liquid crystal phase temperature range, a high refractive index anisotropy and high dielectric anisotropy, and has an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase. The liquid crystalline medium comprises a liquid crystalline compound having a pyridine ring and a linking group -CF2O- and a chiral agent, and can exhibit an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase.

Disclosed is a liquid crystal compound having general properties required for a compound; stability against heat, light and the like; a wide liquid crystal phase temperature range; a high clearing; good compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds; and a large refractive index anisotropy and dielectric constant anisotropy. Further disclosed is a liquid crystal composition containing said liquid crystal compound. Further disclosed is a liquid crystal display element containing said liquid crystal composition. The compound is expressed by general formula (1). (1) For example, R1 is an alkyl with 1-20 carbons; at least one of the rings A1-A6 is pyrimidine-2,5-diyl or pyridine-2,5-diyl, with the remainder being 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; Z1-Z6 are single bonds; L1-L4 are hydrogen or a halogen; X1 is hydrogen, a halogen, -C=N, or an alkyl with 1-10 carbons; and l, m, n, o, p, and q are 0 or 1, with l+m+n+o+p+q= 3.

Provided is a polar compound which has high chemical stability and high ability of aligning liquid crystal molecules, and which enables the achievement of high voltage holding ratio if used for a liquid crystal display element. A compound represented by formula (1). (In the formula, R1 represents, for example, an alkyl group having 1-15 carbon atoms; each of rings A1-A5 represents 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; each of Z1 and Z5 represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1-10 carbon atoms; each of a and b represents a number of 0-4, and the sum of a and b is 4 or less; d represents a number of 1-4; each of c and e represents a number of 0-4; each of P1-P3 represents a polymerizable group represented by one of formulae (P-1)-(P-5), wherein each of M1-M3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms; and R2 represents a group represented by one of formulae (1a)-(1c), wherein each of Sp1-Sp5 represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1-10 carbon atoms, S1 represents >CH-, S2 represents >C<, and X1 represents -OH.)

The compound represented by formula (1). For example, the rings A1, A2, A3 and A4 are 1,4-phenylene, Z1 and Z2 are alkylene having 1 to 10 carbons in which at least one —CH2— may be replaced by —O— or —CH═CH—; L1, L2 and L3 are a single bond, —COO— or —CH═CH—; G1 and G2 are —O—; s, t and u are 0 or 1; and P1 and P2 is the group (P-1), the group (P-2) or the group (P-3). M1 and M2 are hydrogen or methyl.

Provided is a liquid crystal compound, which has large dielectric anisotropy, a high voltage retention rate and good stability in the presence of light and heat, becomes a nematic phase within a broad temperature range, has the appropriate optical anisotropy, and has excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, particularly a liquid crystal compound having large dielectric anisotropy. The compound is represented by formula (1) (1) where, for instance, R1 is a C1-20 alkyl, rings A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 and A6 are, independently, 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, Z6 and Z7 are, independently, single bonds, -(CH2)2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, or -CH=CH-; X1 is a fluorine, -CF3, or -OCF3; and Y1 and Y2 are, independently, hydrogen or fluorine.

Provided is a polar compound having high chemical stability, high ability to align liquid crystal molecules, and high solubility in a liquid crystal composition, and which has a large voltage holding ratio when used in a liquid crystal display element. A compound represented by formula (1). For example, R2 represents a C1-15 alkyl, MES represents a mesogenic group having at least one ring, Sp1 represents a single bond or a C1-10 alkylene, M1 and M2 represent hydrogen, R2 represents a group represented by formulas (1a) through (1c), Sp2 and Sp3 are single bonds or C1-10 alkylenes, S1 represents >CH-, S2 represents >C<, and X1 represents -OH.

A liquid crystal medium, which has a liquid crystal phase over a wide temperature range, a large refractive index anisotropy, and a large dielectric anisotropy, and exhibits an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase, is provided. The liquid crystal medium is characterized by containing a liquid crystal compound having four benzene rings and a difluoromethyleneoxy group, and a chiral reagent, and exhibiting an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase.

Disclosed are a compound which has a large refractive index anisotropy, a large dielectric constant anisotropy, and a low melting point; and a liquid crystal medium which has a wide liquid crystal phase temperature range, a large refractive index anisotropy, a large dielectric constant anisotropy, and an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase. Specifically disclosed are a liquid crystal compound which has a chlorobenzene ring, and a liquid crystal medium which contains the liquid crystal compound and a chiral agent and exhibits an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase.

The invention discloses a novel non-ionic polyurethane Gemini surfactant and a method for preparing the non-ionic polyurethane Gemini surfactant.The surfactant is the polyurethane Gemini surfactant obtained in the step that methoxy polyethylene glycol and alkylene oxide react with diisocyanate according to a certain proportion after ring-opening reaction.Only two steps are needed in the synthesis process, the synthesis process is simple, groups are not needed for protection, organic solvents are not used, and the surfactant is environmentally friendly.The Gemini surfactant is non-ionic polyurethane and has good biocompatibility and biodegradability.Compared with traditional surfactant, the surfactant can be adsorbed to the a gas-liquid interface more easily, surface tension can be effectively reduced, the use lower limit temperature is lower, and the surfactant can be applied to fields such as medicine conveying, sewage treatment and metal corrosion inhibition.

The present invention provides a liquid-crystal display element having properties such as a wide temperature range where the element is usable, a short response time, a high voltage holding ratio, a low threshold voltage, a high contrast ratio, and a long life. The liquid-crystal display element of the present invention comprises a first substrate, a plurality of pixel electrodes formed on the first substrate, a second substrate, counter electrodes formed on the second substrate and facing the pixel electrodes, a liquid-crystal layer present between the pixel electrodes and the counter electrodes and comprising a liquid-crystal composition, and alignment control layers constituted of a polymer comprising an aligning monomer, which was a component of the liquid-crystal composition, and formed respectively on the first-substrate side and the second substrate side. The aligning monomer is a polymerizable polar compound comprising both a mesogen moiety constituted of at least one ring anda polar group. Due to this, the alignment control layers in the liquid-crystal display element of the present invention can perpendicularly align the liquid-crystal compound contained in the liquid-crystal composition, without the necessity of forming an alignment film.

A compound represented by formula (1). For example, R1 represents an alkyl group having 1-15 carbon atoms; MES represents a mesogenic group having at least one ring; Sp1 represents a single bond or analkylene group having 1-10 carbon atoms; M1 represents a methyl group; and each of R2, M2 and M3 represents a hydrogen atom.(img file='DDA0001544777320000011. TIF'wi='830' he='270' / )

Disclosed is a liquid crystalline compound which is stable against heat, light or the like and has a nematic phase in a wide temperature range, while having a low viscosity, an adequate optical anisotropy, an adequate dielectric anisotropy and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystalline compounds. A liquid crystal composition containing the liquid crystalline compound, and a liquid crystal display element containing the liquid crystal composition are also disclosed. The liquid crystalline compound is represented by formula (a). In formula (a), Ra represents, for example, an alkyl having 1-10 carbon atoms; Rb represents, for example, an alkenyl having 2-10 carbon atoms; La represents, for example, a hydrogen; and Z1, Z2 and Z3 each represents, for example, a single bond. The liquid crystal composition contains the liquid crystalline compound, and the liquid crystal display element contains the liquid crystal composition.

What are provided include a liquid crystal composition that satisfies many characteristics among the characteristics such as a wide temperature range of a nematic phase, a suitable optical anisotropy, a negatively large dielectric anisotropy, and a large specific resistance, a liquid crystal composition that satisfies the characteristics and simultaneously has a small optical anisotropy and a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase, and preferably approximately -20 DEG C. or less, and a liquid crystal display device containing the composition. The liquid crystal composition has a negative dielectric anisotropy and contains a first component containing a liquid crystal compound containing, as one of the groups having a ring structure, a benzene ring having two hydrogens adjacent to each other replaced by fluorine and chlorine, and a second component containing a liquid crystal compound having a specific structure containing no halogen, and the liquid crystal display device contains the liquid crystal composition.

Provided is a liquid crystal medium which has stabilities to heat, light and so on, a wide liquid crystal phase temperature range, a large refractive index anisotropy, and a large dielectric anisotropy and which exhibits an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase. A liquid crystal composition which comprises, as the first component, an achiral component (T) containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (1) shown in the description [wherein R1 is C1-20 alkyl or the like; L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 and L6 are each independently hydrogen or fluorine; and X1 is halogen or the like], and contains a chiral agent, and which is characterized by exhibiting an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase.

Disclosed is a liquid crystal composition that satisfies at least one property of a high upper limit temperature of a nematic phase, a low lower limit temperature of a nematic phase, a low viscosity, a proper optical anisotropy, a negatively large permittivity anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability against ultraviolet light, a high stability against heat and the like, or has a proper balance between at least two of the above properties. Also disclosed is an AM element possessing a short response time, a large voltage retention, a large contrast ratio, and a long service life and the like. The liquid crystal composition that comprises a specific fluorine substituted tetracyclic compound having a high upper limit temperature as a first component and a specific compound having a negatively large permittivity anisotropy as a second component and has a negative permittivity anisotropy. Further disclosed is a liquid crystal display element comprising the composition.

Provided is a liquid crystalline compound that exhibits at least one physical property such as high stability to heat, light, or the like, a high clearing point, a low liquid crystal phase lower limit temperature, a low viscosity, suitable optical anisotropy, a high negative dielectric anisotropy, suitable elastic constant and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystalline compounds. The liquid crystalline compound is represented by formula (1). In the formula, for example, R1 and R2 are each an alkyl group having 1-15 carbon atoms, ring A1, ring A2 and ring A3 are each a 1,4-cyclohexylene ring or a 1,4-cyclohexenylene ring, Z1, Z2 and Z3 are each a single bond or -(CH2)2-, a, b and c are each 0 or 1, and the sum of a, b and c is 0, 1 or 2.

A heating control device comprising: a storage cell that supplies power to an electric motor in an electric vehicle; a heat-generation unit that heats the storage cell by using heat generated by current supplied thereto; an estimation unit that estimates change in effective capacitance when the heat-generation unit generates heat and heats the storage cell to a target temperature by using currentsupplied thereto as a result of power supply from the storage cell said estimation being on the basis of the effective capacitance corresponding to the temperature and state of charge of the storage cell; and a control unit that supplies current from the storage cell to the heat-generation unit only when an increase is expected in the effective capacitance estimated by the estimation unit.

The invention provides a control apparatus. The control apparatus performs charging / discharging of a lithium ion secondary battery so as to accommodate the heat resistant temperature thereof. [Solution] This apparatus for controlling charging / discharging of a lithium ion secondary battery has a controller, and a temperature sensor that acquires a temperature of the lithium ion secondary battery. The controller controls the charging / discharging of the lithium ion secondary battery, and maintains the temperature acquired using the temperature sensor at a temperature lower than an allowable upper limit temperature of the lithium ion secondary battery by controlling the charging / discharging of the lithium ion secondary battery. Furthermore, the controller estimates a lithium deposition quantity of the lithium ion secondary battery, and reduces the upper limit temperature corresponding to an increase of the deposition quantity.

The first purpose is to provide a liquid crystal compound which is stable to heat, light and so on, and has a high refractive index anisotropy, a high dielectric anisotropy and a low melting point. The second purpose is to provide a liquid crystal medium having a liquid crystal phase which is stable to heat, light and so on, has a wide liquid crystal phase temperature range, a high refractive index anisotropy and a high dielectric anisotropy, and is optically isotropic. The third purpose is to provide optical elements of various types which comprise the liquid crystal medium, are usable over a wide temperature range and have a short response time, a large contrast and a low drive voltage. Disclosed are a liquid crystal compound having branched alkyl or alkenyl, said liquid crystal compound being represented by formula (1), a liquid crystal medium (a liquid crystal composition or a polymer / liquid crystal complex) containing said liquid crystal compound, optical elements comprising said liquid crystal medium, and so on; in formula (1), R1 represents, for example, branched alkyl or branched alkenyl having 3-20 carbon atoms; the rings A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 represent, for example, 1,4-phenylene or 1,3-dioxan-2,5-diyl; Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 independently represent, for example, a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; Y1 represents, for example, fluorine; and m, n and p independently represent 0 or 1, satisfying the requirement 1<=m+n+p<=3.

Since a switching element using a nematic liquid crystal medium has a long response time, there is a limit to the number of control instances over a certain time. By using a liquid crystal compositionexhibiting an optical isotropic phase, an element capable of performing polarization control at high speed is provided. A mixture comprising the liquid crystal composition and polymerizable monomers,a polymer / liquid crystal composite material obtained by polymerizing the mixture, an element comprising the liquid crystal composition or the polymer / liquid crystal composite, and a LIDAR comprisingthe element are provided.

The invention discloses an environmental test chamber auto-cascade refrigeration system. The environmental test chamber auto-cascade refrigeration system comprises a compressor, an oil separator, a condenser, a drying filter, a first heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, a throttling device, a drying filter, a second heat exchanger, a drying filter, a throttling device and an evaporator. The first heat exchanger is provided with an inlet A, an outlet B, an inlet C and an outlet D. The second heat exchanger is provided with an inlet E, an outlet F, an inlet H and an outlet G. The gas-liquid separator is provided with an inlet J, an outlet L and an outlet K. The environmental test chamber auto-cascade refrigeration system is simple in structure and easy to realize. The system can be effectively simplified. The exhaust gas temperature under the high-temperature working condition can be reduced. The refrigeration efficiency under the low-temperature working condition can be improved.

The invention provides a liquid crystal compound having general physical properties necessary for a liquid crystal compound, that is to say, stability to heat, light or the like, a small viscosity, a suitable value of refractive index anisotropy, a suitable value of dielectric anisotropy, steep characteristics electro-optic characteristics, a wide temperature range of a nematic phase and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, and a liquid crystal compounds especially having a wide temperature range of a nematic phase. A compound represented by formula (1). For example, R 1 and R 2 are each independently alkyl having 1 to 9 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 9 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 8 carbons or alkenyloxy having 2 to 8 carbons; Q 1 and Q 4 are each independently fluorine or chlorine; Q 2 and Q 3 are each independently hydrogen, fluorine or chlorine, and one of Q 2 and Q 3 is hydrogen; Z is -CH 2 O or -COO-; and h is 1 or 2.

The invention provides a liquid crystal compound having stability to heat, light and so forth, a wide temperature range of the nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable dielectric anisotropy and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. The invention also provides a liquid crystal composition containing this liquid crystal compound and a liquid crystal display device containing this liquid crystal composition. The compound is represented by formula (a). R a is, for example, alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, and R b is, for example, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons; L a is, for example, hydrogen; and Z 1 , Z 2 and Z 3 are, for example, a single bond. The liquid crystal composition comprises this compound. The liquid crystal display device comprises this liquid crystal composition.

Provide a compound with large refractive index anisotropy, large dielectric constant anisotropy, and low melting point; and a compound with a wide temperature range of liquid crystal phase, large refractive index anisotropy, large dielectric constant A liquid crystal medium with constant anisotropy and an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase. The present invention is a liquid crystal compound having a chlorobenzene ring, and a liquid crystal medium characterized by containing the liquid crystal compound and a chiral agent and exhibiting an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase.

The invention discloses a positive liquid crystal composition and application thereof in a liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal composition comprises a compound which accounts for 0.01-60% of the total weight of the liquid crystal composition and is shown as a general formula I, a compound which accounts for 1-60% of the total weight of the liquid crystal composition and is shown as a general formula II, a compound which accounts for 1-60% of the total weight of the liquid crystal composition and is shown as a general formula III, and a compound which accounts for 0.1-40% of the total weight of the liquid crystal composition and is shown as a general formula IV. The liquid crystal composition has the advantages of high clearing point, low lower limit temperature of a liquid crystal phase, low rotary viscosity, large elastic constant and the like, the anisotropy of the dielectric constant is positive, the anisotropy of the refractive index and the dielectric anisotropy value are moderate, the response time of a liquid crystal display can be shortened, and therefore the problem that an existing liquid crystal display device is low in response speed is solved. The liquid crystal display panel is suitable for TN-TFT, IPS, FFS and other types of liquid crystal display devices.

Disclosed is a novel compound, namely a pentacyclic liquid crystal compound having a CF2O bonding group, which has general physical properties necessary for a compound, stability against heat and light, a wide temperature range of a liquid crystal phase, a high clearing point, good compatibility with other compounds, and large dielectric anisotropy and large refractive anisotropy. This pentacyclic liquid crystal compound has a particularly high clearing point and particularly large refractive anisotropy. Also disclosed are a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display.