The embodiment of the invention discloses a distributed search system, an index distribution method and a storage medium, and the system comprises a distributed index construction platform which is used for constructing an index, storing an index fragment in an index storage cluster, and writing resource description information into a state storage cluster, and the index fragment comprises a plurality of file blocks; an index storage cluster; a state storage cluster; a main control cluster which is used for sending an index downloading instruction to the state storage cluster; and a search cluster, including multiple search nodes, a plurality of search nodes form a peer-to-peer network, if the search nodes monitor an index downloading instruction, index fragments and file blocks to be downloaded are determined, and if at least two other search nodes have file blocks, the search nodes determine one of the at least two other search nodes as a downloading source of the file blocks and download the file blocks from the downloading source. According to the system of the invention, the index distribution speed is increased, and the search service stability is improved.