38results about How to "High generation" patented technology

A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) includes a plurality of subassemblies. Each subassembly includes at least one subcell of a first electrode, a second electrode and an electrolyte between the first and second electrodes. A first bonding layer is at the second electrode and an interconnect layer is at the first bonding layer distal to the electrolyte. A second bonding layer that is compositionally distinct from the first bonding layer is at the interconnect layer, whereby the interconnect partitions the first and second bonding layers. A method of fabricating a fuel cell assembly includes co-firing at least two subassemblies using a third bonding layer that is microstructurally or compositionally distinct from the second bonding layer.

The invention relates to an irradiation device and method for the treatment of totally or partially cell-mediated inflammations of the skin, the connective tissue and the viscera, viral and other infectious diseases such as HIV and prionic infections, fungal infections of the skin and the mucous membranes, bacterial diseases of the skin and the mucous membranes as well hand eczema and anal eczema which comprises at least one irradiation device to irradiate a surface treatment area where the wavelength of the emitted radiation to a treatment area is longer than 400 nm and comprises at least one spectral band between 400-500 nm while the radiation device has a gas discharge lamp containing at least gallium, indium or their respective halides as irradiation source, means that less than 7% of the overall optical output are emitted in the UV range, wherein at least 30% of the optical output are emitted in the range of 400-500 nm; and contains means for the generation of optical pulses towards a treatment area with a power density of the optical pulse peaks larger than 0.5 W / cm2 and smaller than 500 W / cm2. The energy of one pulse relates to 0.05-10 J / cm2.

A fuel cell includes a ceramic component and a sealing component. The sealing component includes a first glass-ceramic layer over the ceramic component and a second glass-ceramic layer over the first glass-ceramic layer, each of the first and the second glass-ceramic layers independently including between about 0.5% and about 50% glass phase content by volume. The first glass-ceramic layer includes a higher glass phase content than the second glass-ceramic layer, and between about 0.5% and about 10% glass stabilizer component by weight. In a method of sealing a ceramic component of a fuel cell, a first coat is applied over a first ceramic component of the fuel cell, the first coat including SiO2, and further including between about 0.5% and about 10% glass stabilizer component by weight. A second coat is applied over the first coat, the second coat including SiO2. The first and second coats are heated to form a sealing component, to thereby seal the ceramic component with the sealing component. Features of the sealing component are as described above.

An optical semiconductor device includes: a waveguide structure including layers grown over a semiconductor substrate, having a width defined by sidewalls formed by etching the layers, and including a wide, a narrow, and an intermediate width portion, formed along a propagation direction; and a diffraction grating formed on the sidewalls of at least one of the wide and narrow width portions of the waveguide structure, the diffraction grating having vertical grooves periodically disposed along the propagation direction and defining a wavelength of propagation light, wherein the narrow width portion is formed in such a manner that a loss of 50% or more is given to a higher order transverse mode. An optical semiconductor device having a vertical diffraction grating is provided which can suppress generation of a higher order transverse mode and an increase in a device resistance.

A random number generating device is constructed such that it has improved random number generation rate and allows for construction of compact circuit with ease.The random number generating device includes a magnetoresistive element that has three layers consisting of a magnetization free layer, an interlayer, and a magnetization fixed layer, and has at least two resistance values depending on arrangement of magnetization in the magnetization free layer and the magnetization fixed layer, wherein the magnetoresistive element is subjected to be applied with a magnetization current so that the inversion probability of the magnetization free layer assumes a value between 0 and 1, through which the resistance value of the magnetoresistive element is extracted as random numbers.

A conductive film is configured such that a plurality of first cells constituted by thin metal wires crossing each edge line on both sides of a preset electrode shape of a conduction electrode extending in one direction have a disconnection portion at a position where the thin metal wires and the edge lines cross one another with the exception of a plurality of third cells in a closed state of which the number proportion is 50% or more of a plurality of second cells in which all apexes constituting a cell on an inner side of an extended edge line separated by a fixed distance from the edge line to an outer side, and the apexes of the plurality of third cells present between the adjacent edge line and extended edge line are end points, or the thin metal wires extending from the apex directly to the extended edge line have a disconnection portion.

A solid oxide fuel cell includes an anode layer, an electrolyte layer over a surface of the anode layer, and a cathode layer over a surface of the electrolyte layer. The cathode layer includes a cathode bulk layer, a porous cathode functional layer at an electrolyte, an intermediate cathode layer partitioning the cathode bulk layer and the porous cathode functional layer, the porous intermediate cathode layer having a porosity greater than that of the cathode bulk layer. The solid oxide fuel cells can be combined to form subassemblies that are bonded together to form solid oxide fuel cell assemblies.

A photovoltaic (solar) cell comprises two photovoltaic devices that are quantum mechanically coupled via a charge-coupling layer. One of the PV devices may have an energy band gap that is larger than or equal to an energy band gap of the other of the PV devices. The effective electron barrier heights or electron affinity on side portions of the quantum coupling layer are higher than the maximum energy of photo-generated electrons in the photovoltaic devices. The photovoltaic device with larger band gap may include an electron and / or hole transport layer and photon absorbing layer. Photons are transmitted through the transport layer to the absorbing layer. Some high energy photons are absorbed by the absorbing layer. The absorbing layer may function as an absorber of high energy photons and generator of electrons / holes (or excitons). Holes generated in the absorbing layer may be quenched by electrons from the second photovoltaic device.

A manufacturing apparatus for liquid crystalline polyester resin pellets that is provided with: a die head with a discharge port for discharging melted liquid crystalline polyester resin supplied to the die head from a reactor through a valve; a cutter for cutting the resin discharged from the die head and solidified; and at least one perforated plate located downstream of the valve and upstream of the discharge port. The hole diameters of a plurality of die holes provided in the discharge port are 3 mm-6 mm and the average hole diameter in the perforated plate is 0.1-1.2 times the hole diameter of the die holes. A manufacturing method for liquid crystalline polyester resin pellets for cutting liquid crystalline polyester resin, which has been discharged from the die head of said apparatus via the discharge port so as to form groups of strands and solidified, into pellet form. Provided is a manufacturing method for liquid crystalline polyester resin pellets, the method having excellent discharge stability and being able to improve productivity of continuous batch polymerization and pellet quality in the step for discharging the melted resin as groups of strands.

The present invention offers an improvement to existing canting, slope error, and / or pointing measurement approaches, by using one or more cameras to observe the reflections of points of light in the firmament, such as the reflections of stars and / or planets as visible within the night sky in the heliostat facets. An illustrative heliostat measurement system comprises a plurality of heliostats, and at least one camera that observes at least one heliostat. The heliostats reflect an image of the firmament that can be observed by the at least one camera. The system further comprises (i) at least one captured image of the firmament reflected from at least one of the heliostats; and (ii) a computer comprising programming that determines a heliostat imperfection from the captured image, wherein the heliostat imperfection is selected from at least one of a slope error, a canting error, and a pointing error.

A solar electric vehicle (SEV) with large foldable surface area that can be oriented towards the sun for peak generation of electricity. The surfaces of the SEV are mounted on a flexible chassis for elevation tracking, while the drive train provides azimuth tracking. The SEV also integrates the conversion of power from various sources, to various storage or power consumption devices.

A random number generating device is constructed such that it has improved random number generation rate and allows for construction of compact circuit with ease.The random number generating device includes a magnetoresistive element that has three layers consisting of a magnetization free layer, an interlayer, and a magnetization fixed layer, and has at least two resistance values depending on arrangement of magnetization in the magnetization free layer and the magnetization fixed layer, wherein the magnetoresistive element is subjected to be applied with a magnetization current so that the inversion probability of the magnetization free layer assumes a value between 0 and 1, through which the resistance value of the magnetoresistive element is extracted as random numbers.

A novel method of reducing the undesired skin effect in electrical conductors is presented. Specific applications including efficient power transmission and high frequency magnetic field generation are discussed, and the advantages over prior art are mentioned. The present invention modifies the inductance of a given conductor with depth into said conductor, allowing the current flowing in the surface of the conductor due to skin effect to diffuse through the remaining conductor area. Inductance is modified in a distributed, continuous fashion via external magnetic structures, ensuring both manufacturability and usability of the resultant conductor. When skin effect inside a conductor is reduced, power loss of transmitted electrical signals is reduced accordingly. Therefore, the present invention represents a significant improvement over prior art.

An optical semiconductor device includes: a waveguide structure including layers grown over a semiconductor substrate, having a width defined by sidewalls formed by etching the layers, and including a wide, a narrow, and an intermediate width portion, formed along a propagation direction; and a diffraction grating formed on the sidewalls of at least one of the wide and narrow width portions of the waveguide structure, the diffraction grating having vertical grooves periodically disposed along the propagation direction and defining a wavelength of propagation light, wherein the narrow width portion is formed in such a manner that a loss of 50% or more is given to a higher order transverse mode. An optical semiconductor device having a vertical diffraction grating is provided which can suppress generation of a higher order transverse mode and an increase in a device resistance.

A compact, high repetition rate, extreme ultraviolet / soft x-ray laser and method for generating such radiation are described. Excitation of the gaseous or vaporous lasing medium is achieved by discharging energy stored in a solid-dielectric capacitive device through a capillary channel containing the medium. By reducing the inductance of the discharge apparatus, excitation of the laser medium can be achieved without the use of Marx generators. Neon-like Ar atom laser pulses at 46.9 nm having energies of about 13 μJ are generated at repetition rates up to 12 Hz. Between 2 and 3×104 laser shots can be generated using a single capillary. Such a source of intense, short-wavelength radiation can be used for applications which include surface characterization of materials, high resolution imaging and printing, photochemistry and photophysics, laser ablation, characterization of x-ray optics, and dense plasma diagnostics.

Pharmaceutical compositions that contain a lipase inhibitor having a melting point ≧37° C., a sucrose fatty acid ester wherein the sucrose fatty acid ester is a mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-ester, and optionally one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, are useful for treatment of obesity.

In a radiation source and a method for the generation of X-radiation, a liquid is arranged in a liquid line, the liquid being completely surrounded by the liquid line in the direction of an evacuated chamber. A portion of the liquid line is permeable to an electron beam such that the electron beam extending through the chamber is able to enter via the liquid line so as to interact with the liquid in an interaction zone for the generation of X-radiation. The radiation source ensures a good dissipation of heat from the interaction zone and prevents liquid from entering the chamber.

A multi-ring disc motor is revealed. The multi-ring disc motor includes a plurality of stator rings and a plurality of permanent magnets. The stator rings are disposed in a stator base and the permanent magnets are mounted on a plurality of circular ribs of a rotor base. The permanent magnets on the respective circular rib of the rotor base are corresponding to a coil on the stator ring in a respective circular groove of the stator base by the stator base and the rotor base connected to each other. Thereby high torque and high horsepower are generated by the stator rings on the stator base and the permanent magnets on the circular ribs of the rotor base. The power consumption is reduced effectively. Thus the battery life of vehicles such as cars is extended and this eliminates the needs to stop for charging.

A cathode for a fuel cell comprising a catalyst layer; a backing layer mounted to an aperture in a fuel chamber of said fuel cell; 1) wherein said catalyst layer is mounted to the backing layer on a face opposed to the aperture, so as to be in fluid communication with atmospheric oxygen in the case of microbial fuel cell; and 2) wherein said catalyst layer is mounted to the backing layer on a face opposed to the aperture, so as to be in fluid communication with water in the case of microbial electrolysis cell.

A solid oxide fuel cell includes an anode layer, an electrolyte layer over the anode layer, and a cathode layer over the electrolyte layer. At least one of the anode layer and the cathode layer defines a gas manifold. The gas manifold includes a gas inlet, defined by an edge of the anode layer or cathode layer, a gas outlet, defined by the same or a different edge of the anode layer or cathode layer, and a plurality of gas flow channels in fluid communication with the gas inlet and gas outlet. The gas flow channels can have diameters that conduct flow of gas from the gas inlet at substantially equal flow rates among the gas flow channels.

A gas turbine plant has a compressor (2), a first combustion chamber (6) followed by a high pressure turbine (4), a second combustion chamber (10) and a low pressure turbine (5). In the first combustion chamber (6) a first gaseous fuel (8) is injected and combusted, generating first hot gases (9) that are at least partly expanded in the high pressure turbine (4), and in the second combustion chamber (10) a second fuel (11) is injected in the at least partly expanded hot gases generated in the first combustion chamber (6) and combusted, generating second hot gases (12) that are expanded in the low pressure turbine (5). In the first combustion chamber (6) water is also injected to increase the gas turbine plant power output. In the first combustion chamber (6) a water flow rate is injected compatible with a predetermined flame stability limit. In the second combustion chamber (6) the flame temperature is regulated to burn the non-combusted products generated in the first combustion chamber (6) to bring their amount below a predetermined emission limit, without exceeding a predetermined NOx emission limit.

A diagonal fan having an electric motor and a diagonal impeller which can be driven about an axis of rotation (RA) by means of the electric motor. The diagonal impeller determines an air inlet and an air outlet and has a hub and impeller vanes which are distributed in the circumferential direction, extend radially outwards from the hub and are surrounded radially externally by a slinger ring. A flow angle αD formed by the slinger ring relative to the axis of rotation (RA) increases from the air inlet to the air outlet, and a flow angle αN formed by the hub relative to the axis of rotation (RA) decreases from the air inlet to the air outlet.