The invention provides an adjustable 10 KV power distribution line pole top maintenance support rod comprising a main frame, a sliding chute, fixed ring hoops, a lower stopping block, an upper stopping block, a lifting screw rod, a lifting base, a screw rod lifter, a rocking rod, a mounting seat, an insulating support head and an illuminating device, wherein the chute is arranged on a side face of the main frame; the fixed hoops are slidably installed in the chute. In the adjustable 10 KV power distribution line pole top maintenance support rod, a first ring hoop, a second ring hoop and the sliding groove are arranged in a matched manner; incessant upward lifting can be facilitated via alternately sliding and fastening, simple and labor-saving operation can be realized, the ring loops are fixed on an upper end and a lower end at the same time, and therefore stability can be improved; arrangement of a screw thread connection head can facilitate overall replacement of the insulating support head; a plurality of fixing holes are arranged transversely on a front surface of an insulating transverse plate, and flexible adjustment of an installation position of an insulating vertical plate can be facilitated. The arrangement of the illuminating device is favorable for providing auxiliary lighting at night, and easy adjustment of a lighting angle can be achieved via a connecting rod of a flexible metal tube.