The invention discloses an automatic
brake device and an automatic
brake method of an automobile
capstan. The device comprises a shaft cover, a
brake shaft and a spiral
clutch mechanism, wherein the spiral
clutch mechanism comprises a cone brake part, a
torsion spring and a convex lug plate; the brake shaft is provided with a single-row
tapered roller bearing; the single-row
tapered roller bearing is provided with a brake cone sleeve jointed with the cone brake part; the outer edge of the bake cone sleeve is provided with a spline which is meshed with an inner gear ring of a
capstan winding drum. When a motor driving shaft rotates, the shaft cover makes
clockwise rotation, the cone brake part is driven to rotate, and the
torsion spring is extruded to move towards the left, so that the cone brake part is separated from the brake cone sleeve; when the motor driving shaft stops rotating, the cone brake part makes counterclockwise rotation to reset under the action of the
torsion spring, the cone brake part move towards the right and is jointed and tightly held with the brake cone sleeve which runs at
low speed, and the brake shaft stops rotating, so that the function of braking is reached. The device is simpler in structure, easy to operate, rapid in
assembly, high in brake reliability, low in
working temperature and long in service life.