153results about "Continuous jet plants" patented technology

The present invention generally relates to units of engines and more particularly to units containing a unique combined-cycle (combustion-detonation) “counter-rotation, anti-gyration, gyroscopic,” turbine fan-jet/free-piston engine configuration for induced air supercharging and boosting the performance of novel Ramjet engines or Ramjet engine configurations by improving internal air-stream dynamics. These dynamics are the result of co-operative air stream intermixing through convergent, supercharge-attenuated, inducted, compressed, tuned, pre-heated ambient air. Achieved through the varying of the geometric structural form and the utilization of unique engines and air induction and propulsion conformations, aided with supplemental air, fuel, oxygen and optiomal water and electrolyte charging.

A single-stage hypersonic vehicle is comprised of a low-speed and a high-speed propulsion system. The low-speed propulsion system propels the single-stage vehicle to a threshold velocity, after which the high-speed propulsion system then takes over. The low-speed propulsion system includes a combined-cycle engine featuring a swirl generator that is integrated into a turbojet engine to provide a compact turbojet and swirl afterburner-ramjet propulsion system. The high-speed propulsion system includes a hypersonic engine that is operable at the threshold takeover velocity and beyond. In various embodiments, the high-speed propulsion system comprises a scramjet, rocket, or scramjet/rocket engine depending requirements. Benefits of the swirl generator design include its ability to rapidly and efficiently atomize, vaporize, mix and burn the fuel and oxidizer for the low speed propulsion system, significantly reduce length, weight, cooling requirements and complexity for both propulsion systems, while maintaining high propulsion performance and reducing propulsion and launch costs.

Embodiments of the invention relate to a supersonic inlet having a cowl lip configured to capture the conic shock and exhibit a zero or substantially zero cowl angle. The inlet may be configured to employ a relaxed isentropic compression surface and an internal bypass. The nacelle bypass may prevent flow distortions, introduced by the capture of the conic shock, from reaching the turbomachinery, thereby allowing the cowl angle to be reduced to zero or substantially zero. Such a cowl angle may reduce the inlet's contribution to the overall sonic boom signature for a supersonic aircraft while allowing for an increase in engine pressure recovery and a subsequent improvement in generated thrust by the engine.

Embodiments of the invention relate to a supersonic inlet employing relaxed isentropic compression to improve net propulsive force by shaping the compression surface of the inlet. Relaxed isentropic compression shaping of the inlet compression surface functions to reduce cowl lip surface angles, thereby improving inlet drag characteristics and interference drag characteristics. Using supersonic inlets in accordance with the invention also demonstrated reductions in peak sonic boom overpressure while maintaining performance.

Propulsion from combustion of solid propellant pellet-projectiles for providing a useful propulsion that has the advantages of both solid and liquid propulsion engines, and also can make use of either solid chemical propellants or fissionable nuclear material as the fuel. Preferred methods and systems can include a storage chamber for storing solid propellant pellets, a feeding system having a pellet feeding channel and a pellet feeding mechanism connected to the storage chamber and to a gun assembly, which is positioned along a longitudinal axis to eject the pellets at a certain velocity. A triggering system positioned between gun assembly and thrust chamber can initiate the propellant pellet-projectile, and a thrust chamber having a combustion chamber for combustion of propellant pellet-projectile with an exhaust nozzle. Additionally, an auxiliary power system can be used to power the components and various electrical and electronic systems that may be present in the invention for controlling the engine components. The gun assembly may include an ejector mechanism for ejecting the propellant pellets through at least one barrel. The triggering system can produce a medium creating an ambience for the initiation of propellant pellet-projectiles. Methods and systems can be used for space and rocket crafts, turbojets and ramjets.

Pressure and density of a gaseous mixture are increased in the process of introducing the gaseous mixture into the combustor of an air-breathing pulse detonation engine employing atmospheric oxygen as an oxidizer. The exit valve 20 able to be opened and closed is provided at the outlet of the combustor 15, an air cooler 12 is provided in the exit of the intake, and density is increased by exchange of heat of the air received at the intake with a coolant in the air cooler 12. Furthermore, by closing the exit valve 20 provided in the outlet of the combustor during the process of loading the gaseous mixture, transition to the detonation process is possible without expansion of the high-pressure high density air obtained by ram-compression at the intake.

An engine for providing rotary power about an output shaft with a high power-to-weight ratio includes a plurality of flow guiding blades mounted on the inner surface of an annular thruster base. The flow guiding blades cooperate with the peripheral surface of a rotor for forming a plurality of ramjet-like thrusters. The configuration of the flow guiding blades allows for optimization of the number of thrusters. The centrifugal forces generated by the rotating components is compensated by an annular reinforcement wall made with high strength materials allowing for downsizing of the rotor and associated components.

The present invention generally relates to power generation methods and secondary processes requiring high radiant and emissivity homogeneous combustion to maximize production output. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a top cycle power generator with combustion exhaust modified to have radiant flux in excess of 500 kW per square meter and emissivity greater than 0.90, and supercritical CO2 power generating cycle to maximize exergy efficiency.

A combined-cycle engine having at least one core engine and at least one ramjet engine. The ramjet utilizes a novel swirl generator for rapidly and efficiently atomizing, vaporizing, as necessary, and mixing a fuel into an oxidant. The swirl generator converts an oxidant flow into a turbulent, three-dimensional flowfield into which the fuel is introduced. The swirl generator effects a toroidal outer recirculation zone and an inner central recirculation zone, both of which are configured in a backward-flowing manner that carries heat and combustion byproducts upstream where they are employed to continuously ignite a combustible fuel/oxidizer mixture in adjacent shear layers, which accelerate flame propagation throughout the core flowfield. The swirl generator provides smooth combustion with no instabilities and minimum total pressure losses and enables significant reductions in the L/D ratio of the combustor. Other benefits include simplicity, reliability, wide flammability limits, high combustion efficiency and high specific thrust performance.

A multi-mode propulsion system for potential application to hypersonic and aerospace planes. The system can employ various propulsion modes at various points in time, with the propulsion system employed at a given point in time being selected according to the velocity of the inlet airflow. In one embodiment, the propulsion system of the present invention has an ejector-augmented pulsed detonation rocket propulsion mode, a pulsed normal detonation wave engine mode, a steady oblique detonation wave engine mode, and a pure pulsed detonation rocket mode.

A pilot for a scramjet provides a flame front whose arrival at the wall of the scramjet combustor is delayed thereby reducing combustor heat load. By combining in-stream injection of fuel with an interior pilot and a lean (fuel-poor) outer annulus, the bulk of combustion is confined to the scramjet combustor center. This concept, referred to as “core-burning,” further reduces combustor heat load. One such pilot is for a two dimensional scramjet effective to propel a vehicle. This pilot includes a plurality of spaced apart struts separated by ducts and a strut pilot contained within each strut. A second such pilot is for an axisymmetric scramjet engine has, in sequence and in fluid communication, an air intake, an open bore scramjet isolator and a scramjet combustor. This centerbody pilot pod includes a pilot isolator disposed between the air intake and a pilot diffuser, the pilot diffuser disposed between the pilot isolator and a pilot with the pilot disposed between the pilot diffuser and a pilot combustor. The pilot pod is in axis symmetry around a central axis of the scramjet isolator and supported by a plurality of struts extending from an inner wall of the open bore to an outer surface of the centerbody pilot pod.

A method of using one or more microjets to create and/or control oblique shock waves. The introduction of microjet flow into a supersonic stream creates an oblique shock wave. This wave can be strengthened—by increasing microjet flow rate or the use of many microjets in an array—in order to form an oblique shock. Such an oblique shock can be used to decelerate flow in a jet aircraft engine inlet in a controlled fashion, thus increasing pressure recovery and engine efficiency while reducing flow instability. Adjusting the pressure ratio across the microjet actually alters the angle of the oblique shock. Thus, the use of microjets allows decelerating shock waves in an inlet engine to be properly positioned and controlled. Microjet arrays can also be used to ameliorate shock waves created by external aircraft surfaces, such as sensor pods and weapons. Microjets placed forward of any external protuberance can convert a single substantial shock wave into a series of much milder waves which will not produce unwanted external effects, such as strong sonic booms.

An injector-based engine, as exemplified in the injector ramjet (1), is an engine with an inlet (2), mixer (4), diffuser (5), combustor (6) and outlet ) conventionally reinforced ramjet element propulsion duct, allowing operation in the zero to hypersonic range. At the upstream end of the mixer (4), an injector assembly (50) is mounted in the fluid flow channel to form an injector (3). The injector assembly (50) has one or more injector rings with alternately offset injector exhaust nozzles (53) or slots to direct fluid towards the engine inner wall (14) or the engine longitudinal axis (9), respectively. ), thereby improving fluid mixing for shorter mixing zones. The supply of fluid to the injector exhaust nozzle (53) can be accomplished by flow pumps and other elements.

A multi-height ramp injection system, for use in a supersonic propulsion system, comprises a plurality of multi-height ramp injectors for variably introducing a fuel into an airflow in a combustor. In one embodiment of the invention, the multi-height ramp injectors comprise a plurality of tall injectors for fueling an inner portion of the airflow, and a plurality of short injectors for fueling an outer portion of the airflow.

Embodiments of a valve actuator are provided for adjusting the position of a main valve element in relation to the pressure of a fluid supplied by a supply duct. The valve actuator includes a housing, a control pressure valve disposed in the housing, and a piston slidably disposed in the housing and mechanically coupled to the main valve element. The housing has a control pressure chamber therein, which is configured to be fluidly coupled to the supply duct. The control pressure valve is configured to substantially impede fluid flow into the control pressure chamber until the fluid pressure within the supply duct surpasses a minimum actuation pressure. The piston normally resides in a first position and is configured to move toward a second position as the pressure within the control pressure chamber increases.

A novel combined engine for a single-stage spacecraft is provided that combines a air-breathing engine utilizing oxygen in the atmosphere as oxidizer and rocket engines for obtaining thrust outside the atmosphere and that does not require a portion whose shape is variable in accordance with the flight speed. Rocket engines 15 are provided on struts 12 that form air introduction channels 10 in the air intake section 4. The rocket jets 18 from the rocket engines 15 control the flow of the airflows 16 introduced into the combustion chamber 20 in accordance with the flight speed. When the spacecraft 1 is stationary or in subsonic flight, the rocket jets 18 promote air intake into the combustion chamber 20 by lowering of static pressure due to expansion (ejector effect). In the subsonic flight condition, it performs the role of air compression, mixing with incoming air, fuel injection and ignition and during supersonic/ultra-supersonic flight it performs the role of a variable diffuser.