1004results about "Absorbing elements" patented technology

Carbon nanotubes are grown directly on metal substrates using chemical vapor deposition. Metal substrates are comprised of catalysts which facilitate or promote the growth of carbon nanotubes. The nanotube coated metal substrates have applications including, but not limited to, heat transfer and thermal control, hydrogen storage, fuel cell catalytic reformers, electronics and semiconductors, implantable medical devices or prostheses, and tribological wear and protective coatings.

In one aspect of the present invention, a solar energy collection system that includes multiple longitudinally adjacent collectors is described. The collectors are coupled end to end to form a collector row. The collector row extends along a longitudinal axis and is arranged to rotate about a pivot axis to track the sun in at least one dimension. Each collector includes a reflector, one or more solar receivers and a support structure. The support structure includes a tube assembly that underlies the reflector. The tube assemblies of the collector row are arranged end to end along the longitudinal axis. There is a space between the tube assemblies of adjacent collectors in the collector row, where the reflectors of the adjacent collectors extend beyond the underlying tube assemblies to form a substantially continuous reflective surface over the space. A coupling device is positioned in the space between the tube assemblies. The coupling device connects and helps to rotate the tube assemblies of the adjacent collectors. Some embodiments relate to various types of coupling devices and collector arrangements.

In one aspect of the present invention, a solar energy collection system that includes multiple longitudinally adjacent collectors is described. The collectors are coupled end to end to form a collector row. The collector row extends along a longitudinal axis and is arranged to rotate about a pivot axis to track the sun in at least one dimension. Each collector includes a reflector, one or more solar receivers and a support structure. The support structure includes a tube assembly that underlies the reflector. The tube assemblies of the collector row are arranged end to end along the longitudinal axis. There is a space between the tube assemblies of adjacent collectors in the collector row, where the reflectors of the adjacent collectors extend beyond the underlying tube assemblies to form a substantially continuous reflective surface over the space. A coupling device is positioned in the space between the tube assemblies. The coupling device connects and helps to rotate the tube assemblies of the adjacent collectors. Some embodiments relate to various types of coupling devices and collector arrangements.

A solar heat collection element includes: a central tube (102) formed from glass-ceramic material; and an outer tube (104) formed from glass material disposed coaxially with respect to the central tube (102) to form a volume therebetween (106).

The present invention relates to a solar cooking apparatus, comprising: a first solar reflector; a second solar reflector; a solar collection element; and a solar collection element holder, wherein the first solar reflector and the second solar reflector are concave, and opposably arranged and aligned with a solar collection element axis, each reflector having a range of motion on a plane perpendicular to the solar collection element axis, and focusing, radiation at the solar collection element, which rapidly heats when the first and / or second solar reflectors are in an opened position, the first and second solar reflectors protectably encase the solar collector when in a closed position. The solar cooking apparatus is adjustable and, in some embodiments, portable.

This invention provides buildings with a modular air conditioning system that utilizes solar energy for heating air. This invention contains a solar collector assembly, an inlet assembly and an outlet assembly. The solar collector assembly further comprises a transparent panel, a heat-absorbing set and a support base, and forms paths for heating the air, wherein the heat-absorbing set is made of several simple, light-weight modular heat-absorbing units to form several heat-absorbing channels. Such a design not only can fully utilize the heat-absorbing space on the roof and save the cost for being displayed in marketing channels, but also can be constructed by the users in accordance with their own needs, so as to save cost in modularization. The inlet and outlet assemblies communicate to the heat-absorbing channels in the solar collector assembly and are respectively connected to the pipes and paths leading into and out of the buildings. By switching and adjusting the openings of these pipes and paths, in winter, the preheated air will be introduced into buildings; and in summer, the hot indoor air will be expelled out of the buildings and fresh air will be guided into the buildings. As a result, a more economical air conditioning system is formed.

A solar light (heat) absorption material is provided which has an excellent solar light (heat) absorbing ability and a simple structure, and may be usable as a low-cost and high-performance heat absorption / accumulation material, the inventive material being usable also as a solar light (heat) absorption / control building component that allows easy change of its solar light (heat) absorption / control ability. The material comprises particles dispersed into a liquid medium having a specific heat ranging from 0.4 to 1.4 cal / g / ° C. and a melting point of 5° C. or lower. The dispersed particles have L*value of 30 or less as determined by the CIE-Lab color system (light source D65).

Means to use and combine methods of thermal engineering, plasmonics, photonics, electronics, photovoltaics, optical transfer, heat transport, light transport, catalysis and chemical reactions individually or in any combination for the enhancement or generation of solar, optical, electrical or any form of energy. The present disclosure further concerns a means to use at least a form of electromagnetic excitation or light-matter interactions in a structure or material having one or more addressable frequencies to generate the exchange of thermal, kinetic, electronic or photonic energy. The present disclosure further concerns a means to use at least a form of electromagnetic excitation or light-matter interaction, including solar or laser energy to generate localized conditions that enable initiation and spatial and temporal control of catalysis, chemical reactions, deposition, growth, synthesis, photocatalysis, photosynthesis, chemical catalysis, photochemical catalysis, photovoltaic, electrocatalysis and catalytic processes.

The invention relates to a solar collector. The collector has a heat regulating medium which defines a cavity therein. An aperture communicates with the cavity so as to allow solar energy incident on the aperture to enter the cavity. An energy collection device is disposed in the cavity and in thermal contact with the heat regulating medium to collect solar energy entering the cavity.

An improved solar collector pipe that directly conveys fluid to be heated and collects and transfers solar energy efficiently and directly to the internal fluid, thereby maximizing both the amount of energy transmitted to the internal fluid and the peak temperature attainable by that fluid. The solar collector pipe includes a transparent portion for admitting solar energy into the solar collector pipe. Internal to the solar collector pipe is an absorbing portion for absorbing solar energy. A conduit portion is also included and comprises a reflecting surface thereon for reflecting solar energy received through the transparent portion onto the absorbing portion. In embodiments of the invention, the transparent portion, the conduit portion, and the absorbing portion together define at least one fluid passageway for conveying the fluid. In other embodiments of the invention, an internal conduit defines a fluid passageway for conveying the fluid. The internal conduit may be supported within the solar collector pipe and supported by heat-absorbing portions, or may be placed between two solar collector pipe sections to form a single solar collector pipe with an internal conduit extending therethrough.

A solar module assembly and method. The assembly comprises a substantially transparent or semi-transparent surface provided on a first substrate member. The assembly includes an absorber material overlying a second substrate member. A spacing is provided between the semi-transparent surface of the first substrate and the second substrate, which has a first side and a second side. In a specific embodiment, the assembly has a fluid transport region disposed within a vicinity of either the first side or the second side of the second substrate. In a preferred embodiment, the assembly has a photovoltaic device configured from at least the absorber material to generate electrical energy and a thermal energy device configured from at least the absorber material to generate thermal energy using the a fluid provided in the fluid transport region.

In a preferred embodiment, an apparatus, including: a highly radiant heat absorbing material placed closely spaced from and generally parallel to an inside surface of a glass panel disposed in a wall or a door so as to form therebetween a plenum, the highly radiant heat absorbing material being at least partially visually clear.

A high-efficiency residential solar thermal power plant for economically generating power from solar-thermal energy, using a parabolic trough mirror having a longitudinal focal axis, for concentrating sunlight, a timer rotator for rotating the mirror about the focal and longitudinal rotation axis to follow the sun, and a heat collector surrounding a flow channel that preferably has an oblong cross-sectional shape with a major axis aligned with a longitudinal plane of symmetry of the parabolic trough mirror. The heat collector is coaxially positioned along the focal axis of said mirror to receive concentrated sunlight so that a working fluid is heated and provided for use through an outlet end of the heat collector.

The invention relates to a reusable reduced graphene oxide-based photothermal conversion film and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the steps of firstly connecting a graphene oxide sheet by adopting a crosslinking agent under the action of agitation and ultrasound and then carrying out vacuum suction filtration on the mixed dispersion liquid to a mixed cellulose filter film; and quickly reducing the prepared graphene oxide / mixed cellulose film by using a reducing agent under a microwave assist to obtain the reduced graphene oxide-based double-layer photothermal conversion film. A steam performance test shows that the reduced graphene oxide-based double-layer photothermal conversion film achieves 60% of steam conversion efficiency under illumination of 1Kw / m<2>. A cyclic test result shows that the reduced graphene oxide-based double-layer photothermal conversion film still keeps the stable performance after repeated experiments for 30 times. The prepared photothermal conversion film is capable of directly converting solar energy into steam energy, is high in photothermal conversion efficiency, wide in application prospect, simple in preparation technology and low in cost, and has excellent mechanical stability and reusability.

The invention discloses a solar water purifier based on interface solar photo-thermal conversion, which comprises a solar interface evaporator and a distilled water collector, the solar interface evaporator comprises an open water storage tray and a light absorber with high photo-thermal conversion efficiency, the light absorber is of a double-layer structure and is formed by compounding an upper-layer photo-thermal conversion material and a lower-layer thermal insulation material, and a dust-free cloth is arranged between the upper-layer material and the lower-layer material. During use, it needs to be guaranteed that the dust-free cloth can continuously make contact with the liquid level in a water storage disc, so that it is guaranteed that enough water is conveyed to the surface of thelight absorber to guarantee continuous evaporation. Only solar energy is used as driving energy, other energy sources are not consumed, meanwhile, the problem of replacement of a filter element of aconventional water purifier is avoided, and the device has the advantages of being portable, low in price, high in water purification efficiency and the like and can be stably applied to seawater desalination, sewage treatment and outdoor drinking water purification for a long time.

A method for making large-size hollow ceramic plate (1, 2, 4) adopts raw materials of ordinary ceramics, mixing with industrial wastes or crude minerals abundant in period IV transition metal elements, squeezing a molded body by vacuum squeezing machine then producing at low cost a large-size hollow ceramic plate (1, 2, 4) with black or fuscous surface or whole body, with an area more than 0.5m2 of a single plate. A large-size hollow ceramic plate array (23) is composed of porous ceramic plates (1), through-hole ceramic plates (2) and accessories by gluing or thread-connecting or is composed of seal ceramic plates (4) by series connecting, which can be used in a solar water heater, a solar roof and wall, a generator with large-scale solar wind duct, a large-area solar collector, a far infrared radiation plate and a radiator for construction.

A solar heating system for a building and other architectural structures including a solar heating system. The solar heating system comprises a solar heating module with an enclosure of panels bounding a plenum. An interior panel is disposed inside the enclosure. A collector panel, which is separated from the interior panel to define a heating chamber, is exposed to, and heated by, solar radiation. Outside air enters the heating chamber though passages in the collector panel, where the air is heated by heat transferred from the collector panel. An air-moving device is coupled with an air outlet from the plenum. The air-moving device applies a negative pressure in the heating chamber effective for drawing the outside air through the passages into the heating chamber and for withdrawing the heated air from the heating chamber through a delivery opening to the plenum for subsequent removal through the air outlet.

A tubular heat-absorbing element partly enclosed in an insulating layer or jacket, has absorbing surface that is accessible to solar radiation. The thermal insulation is designed to provide entry to solar radiation by way of a cavity. The absorbing surface can be substantially planar.

A solar air heating module provides heated air to a ventilation system. The solar air heating module includes a collector for heating and drawing in outside air and a housing. The collector includes an absorber plate for absorbing incident sunlight and includes a plurality of perforations therethrough. The perforations are distributed across the absorber plate for allowing passage of air into the collector. The collector also includes a collector tray mounted behind the absorber plate. The collector tray includes an output for allowing the passage of air out of the collector. The collector tray is spaced from the absorber plate to define a cavity therebetween in which air can to flow towards the output. The housing is mounted to the collector tray and forms a plenum therewith for receiving air from the output. The plenum is at a lower pressure than that of the outside air. The plenum is connected to the ventilation system. A plurality of modules may be combined to form a system.

This invention relates to production of multiple through-hole plate, made of mineral material, used as solar-energy collection plate. The raw materials of this inventive products are: common ceramic material, industrial slag with the total weight of transition elements compounds being more than 5%, and metallic ore with the total weight of transition elements being more then 20%. Above-mentioned raw materials are processed into mud by using ordinary method, and then extruded to produce multiple through-hole plates. The plates are connected end-to-end. Thus produced plate is then equipped with stops having outlets at its two ends, so formed is the blank of solar-energy collection plate, which is then dried, sintered to produce this inventive ceramic solar-energy plate or solar-energy plate covered with deep colour or black ceramic layer. Compared with prior art solar-energy-collection unit, such as vacuum-glass tubes or composite copper / aluminium solar-energy unit, this inventive products have advantages of: low cost, long service life and high efficiency.

A novel solution route has been developed that after heat-treatment to 500-600° C. under inert atmosphere, yields highly porous composites of nano-sized metal (Ni) particle inclusions in ceramics (Al2O3). Metal loadings could be made from <1% to >95% Ni. The metal inclusion sizes in the Ni-Al2O3 system with the 10 atom % Ni sample were 4-7 nm, while for the 75 atom % Ni sample they were 5-8 nm. It was shown that the 10 atom % Ni sample could be used as a catalyst for the conversion of CO2 and CH4 in the temperature range 550-700° C., while higher temperatures led to growth of the Ni particles and carbon poisoning over time. The solution routes could also be deposited as thin dense films containing <10 nm Ni particles. Such films with high Ni-particle loadings deposited on aluminium substrates have shown very good solar heat absorber proficiency and provide good substrates for carbon tube growth.

The invention discloses a steam generator based on surface local light heat conversion. The steam generator comprises a water container with a cover and a foam heat-insulating board fixed on the coverof the water container from bottom to top; a groove is formed in the top of the foam heat insulating plate, a basement water delivering material layer is arranged at the bottom of the groove, and a light-absorbing material layer is arranged above the basement water delivering material layer; and a water delivering channel is further included. According to the steam generator based on surface local light heat conversion, the cheap heat insulating foam plate is adopted as a heat resistance material, heat energy converted from solar energy is efficiently utilized, and the heat energy is used forproducing of 'interface light-heat steam', the conversion efficiency of the solar light-heat steam is improved, the light-heat steam efficiency can reach 91.2% and efficient steam is produced, the evaporation rate is 1.33 kg m<-2>h<-1>, the steam generator based on surface local light heat conversion can be used in sewage purification, seawater desalination and the like.

The invention relates to the technical field of functional films, in particular to a high-temperature spectral selective absorption coating layer capable of realizing solar photothermal energy conversion. The high-temperature spectral selective absorption coating layer based on refractory metal boride is characterized in that an infrared reflecting layer is arranged on a substrate; and a spectral main absorbing layer, a spectral auxiliary absorbing layer and an anti-reflection layer are arrange don the infrared reflecting layer in sequence, wherein the spectral main absorbing layer and the spectral auxiliary absorbing layer both include the refractory metal boride as a main component for absorbing spectral energy. The coating layer can be deposited on such basal bodies as stainless steel by such vacuum film plating technologies as magnetron sputtering, can stably work in vacuum or atmospheric environment of 500-620 DEG C, and can be applied to such fields as solar light condensation and heat collection high-temperature power generation. The coating layer has such characteristics as high absorptivity, low heat emitting ratio and excellent high-temperature stability and durability, and is suitable for industrial production and application.

An improved solar collector pipe that directly conveys fluid to be heated and collects and transfers solar energy efficiently and directly to the internal fluid, thereby maximizing both the amount of energy transmitted to the internal fluid and the peak temperature attainable by that fluid. The solar collector pipe includes a transparent portion for admitting solar energy into the solar collector pipe. Internal to the solar collector pipe is an absorbing portion for absorbing solar energy. A conduit portion is also included and comprises a reflecting surface thereon for reflecting solar energy received through the transparent portion onto the absorbing portion. The transparent portion, the conduit portion, and the absorbing portion together define at least one fluid passageway for conveying the fluid.

The present invention relates to a method for compounding solid reticular black porcelain sunlight absorbing layer on ceramic solar plate, wherein, industrial waste residues and metal minerals rich in the transition elements in fourth period are used as main raw materials to be ground into slurry; the slurry is sprayed on the dry surface of a green body of a hollow ceramic solar plate through compressed air by adopting a single spray gun or a plurality of spray guns; the pressure and the flow rate of the compressed air and the proportion of the slurry are controlled, so as to lead fog drops in initial contact with the dry green body surface of the ceramic solar plate to form mud particles which have a certain strength, are relatively dry and adhere to the surface of the green body plate because of the fast water absorption of the dry green body and the surface tension of the fog drops; the subsequently sprayed fog drops first meet the mud particles which have a certain moisture absorption ability and protrude from the surface, and then the fog drops adhere to the mud particles, thus the heteropic incontinuous fog drop mud accumulation bodies which are in columnar shapes, steeple shapes, vertical wall shapes, honeycomb shapes or porous shapes, have moisture absorbed and have a certain strength are accumulated in turn; spraying is stopped before the solid accumulation bodies reach to a certain height and lose moisture absorption ability, thereby getting a solid reticular black porcelain green body layer on the surface of the hollow ceramic solar green body plate; the hollow ceramic green body plate having the solid reticular black porcelain green body layer is dried and fired under high temperature; the firing temperature and time are controlled to ensure that the solid reticular black porcelain green body layer and the green body of a hollow ceramic solar plate are simultaneously sintered into a solid reticular black porcelain layer and a porcelain hollow solar.

The invention relates to a black ceramic, named as V-Ti black porcelain. One of raw materials is vanadium recovering tailing. Sunshine absorption ratio of V-Ti black porcelain is 0.9 and is the good photo-thermal conversion material. Because output of vanadium recovering tailing is finite, the invention provides a method that V-Ti black porcelain is used as inner and outer surface layers; normal ceramic raw material is the basic body of hollow ceramic plate by extrusion; by their combination composite ceramic hollow solar heat collecting plate is made so that vanadium tailing and V-Ti black porcelain can be made use of effectively.