156 results about "Neural Ganglion" patented technology

The present disclosure describes methods and apparatus for renal neuromodulation via stereotactic radiotherapy for the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, insulin resistance, metabolic disorder or other ailments. Renal neuromodulation may be achieved by locating renal nerves and then utilizing stereotactic radiotherapy to expose the renal nerves to a radiation dose sufficient to reduce neural activity. A neural location element may be provided for locating target renal nerves, and a stereotactic radiotherapy system may be provided for exposing the located renal nerves to a radiation dose sufficient to reduce the neural activity, with reduced or minimized radiation exposure in adjacent tissue. Renal nerves may be located and targeted at the level of the ganglion and / or at postganglionic positions, as well as at pre-ganglionic positions.

A method for modulating nerve tissue in a body of a patient includes implanting a wireless stimulation device in proximity to a dorsal root ganglion or an exiting nerve root such that an electrode, circuitry and a receiving antenna are positioned completely within the body of the patient. An input signal containing electrical energy and waveform parameters is transmitted to the receiving antenna(s) from a control device located outside of the patient's body via radiative coupling. The circuitry within the stimulation device generates one or more electrical impulses and applies the electrical impulses to the dorsal root ganglion or the exiting nerve roots through the electrode.

A method for delivering medicament such as for ameliorating pain in a patient includes introducing an injector through a nasal passage of the patient into a region substantially medial and / or posterior and / or inferior to a sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) of the patient; and delivering a medicament from the injector superiorly and / or laterally and / or anteriorly towards the SPG. A device for delivering a medicament to a patient in need thereof includes (a) an injector containing a first end configured to remain outside a nasal passage of the patient and a second end configured for entry into the nasal passage of the patient; and (b) an introducer configured for engagement with a nostril of the patient and containing a passageway configured for slidably receiving the injector. The injector is moveable between a storage position preceding the engagement and an engaging position pursuant to the engagement.

To control cardiac arrhythmias, various conduction-modifying agents include biopolymers, fibroblasts, neurotoxins, and growth factors are introduced either epicardially or endocardially to the fat pads in proximity to the ganglia therein. Any desired technique may be used for injection, including injection from a catheter inserted percutaneously, or direct injection through the epicardial during open heart surgery. Preferably the patient's heart is beating throughout the Injection.

A variety of zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) and methods utilizing such proteins are provided for use in treating neuropathic pain. ZFPs that bind to a target site in genes that are aberrantly expressed in subjects having neuropathic pain are described. In addition, ZFPs that bind to a target site in genes expressed at normal levels in subjects experiencing neuropathic pain, modulation of whose expression results in decreased pain perception, are also provided. For example, genes that are over-expressed in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of pain patients (e.g., VR1, TRKA and / or Nav1.8) can be repressed, whereas genes that are under-expressed in the same populations can be activated.

The invention provides a retinal prosthetic method and device that mimics the responses of the retina to a broad range of stimuli, including natural stimuli. Ganglion cell firing patterns are generated in response to a stimulus using a set of encoders, interfaces, and transducers, where each transducer targets a single cell or a small number of cells. The conversion occurs on the same time scale as that carried out by the normal retina. In addition, aspects of the invention may be used with robotic or other mechanical devices, where processing of visual information is required. The encoders may be adjusted over time with aging or the progression of a disease.

A method for selection and treatment of externally caused migraine headache, the method includes identifying a patient group having chronic migraine headache; determining the identified patient group, a specific patient with a post traumatic migraine headache; and administering to the selected patient by injection of a therapeutically effective amount of a Botulinum neurotoxin in a pharmaceutically safe form to the selected patient's head or upper neck; administration preferably being on the sites of the trigeminal cervical system, enabling axonal transport of the neurotoxin from distal to central sites; and the administration preferably comprising extramuscular injection of the neurotoxin of suitable dilution (a) over the aponeurotic fascia, or (b) intra-orally, in a foramina of the sphenopalatine ganglion, or (c) to emerging exit points of nerves including foraminal sites.

The present invention is directed to quinolinone compounds which are useful as therapeutic agents for the treatment of central nervous system disorders associated with phosphodiesterase 2 (PDE2). The present invention also relates to the use of such compounds for treating neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, psychosis or Huntington's disease, and those associated with striatal hypofunction or basal ganglia dysfunction.

Provided are compounds, methods, and pharmaceutical compositions for reducing the amount or activity of Tau mRNA in a cell or animal, and in certain instances reducing the amount of Tau protein in a cell or animal. Such compounds, methods, and pharmaceutical compositions are useful to ameliorate at least one symptom of a neurodegenerative disease. Such symptoms include loss of memory, loss of motor function, and increase in the number and / or volume of neurofibrillary inclusions. Such neurodegenerative diseases include tauopathies, Alzheimer's Disease, Fronto-temporal Dementia (FTD), FTDP-17, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP), Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), Corticobasal Ganglionic Degeneration (CBD), Epilepsy, and Dravet's Syndrome.

The invention provides a medicine for preventing retinal ganglion oxidative stress. The medicine is a preparation prepared by taking a DNA tetrahedron as an active component and adding pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials or auxiliary components. The invention also provides application of the DNA tetrahedron in preparation of the medicine for preventing oxidative stress of retinal ganglion cells and apoptosis. The tFNA is used for preparing the medicine for preventing oxidative stress of the retinal ganglion cells, is helpful for treating diseases caused by oxidative stress of the retinal ganglion cells such as glaucoma, and has a very good application prospect.

The invention is directed to a new method for long-term measurement of daily serotonin (5-HT) and melatonin contents in the pineal gland. The disclosed method allows visualization of the pineal gland for accurate targeting of the guide cannula which minimizes bleeding, incurs no direct injury to the surrounding brain tissue and cause no interference with the sympathetic innervation from the superior cervical ganglion. The improved method allows effects of pharmacological agents on in vivo pineal gland circulation to be studied reproducibly over time and gene expression profiles correlated with physiological consequences in the same or different individuals. More importantly, the method allows accurate assessment of the endogenous circadian clock function. The method can be used for high throughput screening to identify candidate agents which may accelerate adaptation to new time zones, to alleviate symptoms resulting from jet lag, frequent shift work sleep abnormalities and seasonal affective illnesses.

The invention provides a liposome-encapsulated recombinant human ciliary neurotrophic factor (rhCNTF) containing monosialo ganglioside (GM1) and a preparation method thereof. Particle diameters of liposome of the rhCNTF prepared by adopting the preparation method is evenly distributed within a range of 20 to 200nm, and the drug encapsulating rate is no less than 70 percent. An animal experiment proves that by adopting the rhCNTF liposome, the rhCNTF can pass through a blood brain barrier, and the rhCNTF liposome has the application value of curing diseases related to neuronal damages and degenerative diseases.

The invention belongs to the field of organic synthesis and medicines, in particular to application of an N-[4-(monohydro-pyrazol-4-) phenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzdioxan-2-amide derivative in preparing a drug for treating glaucoma. In the invention, experiments prove that the N-[4-(monohydro-pyrazol-4-) phenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzdioxan-2-amide derivative shown by a formula I has better action of lowering intraocular pressure and protecting ganglion cells, can take the dual effects of protecting optic nerves and RGC (Retinal Ganglion Cells) while lowering the intraocular pressure and provides a new selection for preparing the drug for treating the glaucoma.

The present invention provides a method for inducing chronic elevation of intraocular pressure in the eyes of an animal by introducing into the eyes a cross-linking hydrogel, an animal produced by this method, as well as a screening method useful for identifying compounds capable of modulating intraocular pressure as well as for identifying compounds capable of modulating retinal ganglion cell survival and / or regeneration.

The invention describes for the first time the preclinical / cellular and clinical relevance of VIP, PACAP as well as of substances with the same biological activity as VIP and PACAP for the treatment of interstitial lung infections such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, hypersensitive pneumonia or diffused panbronchiolitis. VIP and PACAP are synthesised in different areas of the central nervous system, e.g. in specific cerebral areas such as the hippocampus and the cortex, as well as in the peripheral ganglia. VIP is also released by immune cells.

The invention provides a compound tFNA-miR22 for treating optic nerve diseases. The compound tFNA-miR22 is composed of a DNA tetrahedron and miR22 according to the molar ratio of 1:(1-4). The tFNA-miR22 disclosed by the invention can be used for effectively inhibiting the apoptosis of the retinal ganglion cells and promoting the release of brain-derived neural factors (BDNF), so that the tFNA-miR22 has a good protection effect on the retinal ganglion cells. The tFNA-miR22 is used for preparing the optic nerve protection medicine, treatment of neurodegenerative optic nerve diseases including glaucoma is facilitated, and the tFNA-miR22 has a very good application prospect.

Provided are compounds, methods, and pharmaceutical compositions for reducing the amount or activity of Tau mRNA in a cell or animal, and in certain instances reducing the amount of Tau protein in a cell or animal. Such compounds, methods, and pharmaceutical compositions are useful to ameliorate at least one symptom of a neurodegenerative disease. Such symptoms include loss of memory, loss of motor function, and increase in the number and / or volume of neurofibrillary inclusions. Such neurodegenerative diseases include tauopathies, Alzheimer's Disease, Fronto-temporal Dementia (FTD), FTDP-17, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP), Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), Corticobasal Ganglionic Degeneration (CBD), Epilepsy, and Dravet's Syndrome.

The present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising, or consisting of, the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 or a nucleic acid sequence of at least 1800 bp having at least 80% identity to said sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, wherein said isolated nucleic acid molecule specifically leads to the expression in retinal ganglion cells of a gene when operatively linked to a nucleic acid sequence coding for said gene.

6-[18F]Fluoro-2-alkoxynicotinoyl substituted Lys-C(O)-Glu derivatives were identified as efficient imaging probes for PSMA expressing tissues in comparison to other known PSMA specific ligands like [18F]DCFPyL, [68Ga]HBED-CC-PSMA, [18F]PSMA-1007 and [Al18F]HBED-CC-PSMA. Unexpectedly, the 6-[18F]fluoro-2-alkoxy and 6-[18F]fluoro-4-alkoxy substituted analogs showed significant differences in accumulation in PSMA expressing prostate tumor cells. Whereas the 2-alkoxy derivative showed cellular uptake values higher than [18F]DCFPyL, the cellular uptake of the corresponding 4-alkoxy substituted derivative was significantly lower. Furthermore, in vivo PET studies with 2-alkoxy-substituted probes demonstrated excellent visualization of PSMA positive ganglia with extremely high target to background ratio. In contrast, the 4-alkoxy substituted derivatives showed less favorable biodistribution with significantly lower uptake in PSMA positive tissues. Especially, the 18F-labeled 2-methoxy derivate ((2S)-2-({[(1S)-1-carboxy-5-[(6-[18F]fluoro-2-methoxypyridin-3-yl)formamido]pentyl]carbamoyl}-amino)pentanedioic acid) demonstrated exceptional clinical efficiency in detecting small PCa lesions, including those which could not be visualized with [68Ga]HBED-CC-PSMA representing currently the gold standard for the diagnosis of recurrent PCa. Furthermore, this probe is easily accessible on a preparative scale in commercially available automated synthesis modules like GE FASTlab and TRACERlab FX N Pro. Consequently, the novel probe is a valuable tool for the visualization of ganglia and reendothelialization as well as for the diagnosis of glioma, neuropathic pain and atherosclerotic plaques.

Disclosed are compounds of Formula A and Formula A-1, or a salt thereof, and pharmaceutical formulations (pharmaceutical compositions) comprising those compounds, or a salt thereof; wherein “R1”, “RA-1”, “R2”, “R3”, and “Het” are defined herein above, which compounds are believed suitable for use in selectively antagonizing the A2a receptors, for example, those found in high density in the basal ganglia. Such compounds and pharmaceutical formulations are believed to be useful in treatment or management of neurodegenerative diseases, for example, Parkinson's disease, or movement disorders arising from use of certain medications used in the treatment or management of Parkinson's disease.

The present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising, or consisting of, the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 or a nucleic acid sequence of at least 550 bp having at least 80% identity to said sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, and uses thereof, wherein said isolated nucleic acid molecule specifically leads to the expression in retinal ganglion cells of a gene when operatively linked to a nucleic acid sequence coding for said gene.

The invention relates to a recombined membrane-penetrating peptide with a WNK (with no lysine (K)) kinase inhibiting effect. The gene has an amino acid sequence shown in SEQID NO.1. Serving as a specific inhibitor of WNK serine / threonine kinase kinase, the recombined membrane-penetrating peptide can be used for reducing the activity of NKCC1 activated by the WNK kinase after being combined with the WNK kinase, thus specifically reducing the Cl<-> in neuron cells of spinal cord dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and trigeminal ganglion, inhibiting the excitability action of GABA (gamma-amino butyric acid) in the DRG and inhibiting the transfer of pain sense.

The invention relates to a tube pressing-type chronic nerve root injury model in animal. A method for constructing the model comprises the steps of: wrapping a silicone tube with a C-shaped cross section on the position 2-3mm above the dorsal root ganglion of the nerve root of a rat, wherein the inner diameter of the silicone tube is 0.9-1.1mm, the outer diameter is 1.2-3mm, and the tube length is 2-4mm. The invention further provides the method for constructing the model and the application of the model. The tube pressing-type chronic nerve root injury model in animal provided by the invention has the advantages of simple technology and easy duplication, uniform, objective and standard produced pressure, small individual variation for pathological change, stability, reliability, high repeatability and convenience for comparison, and is closer to the pathological conditions of chronic compression caused on the nerve root by the intervertelbral disc or osteophyte, and a compressed model of nerve root disease which is stable, reliable, easy to standardize and convenient to display effects of treatment factors is provided for operation, medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion and the like in treating chronic nerve root injury.

A system and method of neurostimulation that is coupled with spinal fixation or the spine, implanted at the time of spine surgery, and allowing for a delayed minimally invasive connection to a stimulation source. The components of the system include the conduit anchor that secures to the instrumentation or spine; conduit housing through which leads enter and channels are isolated; the conduit cap to protect the implant; the lead adaptor entry port, wherein leads enter and channels are isolated; the lead adaptor pin housing, which contains contact pins; the keyed MIS tube, through which the lead adaptor is implanted in a second surgery; a grooved applicator to assist with lead placement; and an encircling clip to assist in securing a lead. The method of generating a signal in the frequency domain is described. The method of minimally invasive stimulation trial placement is described.

The present invention provides novel methods for treating diseases associated with apoptotic degeneration in ocular tissue cells by effective administration of pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF). The present inventors studied PEDF as a means to prevent ganglion cell death, the final pathology of glaucoma. The present invention is particularly focused on SIV vectors for effective methods for delivering PEDF, and constructed an SIV-PEDF vector. When the SIV-PEDF vector was administered subretinally to an ischemia reperfusion model and NMDA-induced model, a significant suppression effect on ganglion cell death was observed. The present inventors therefore discovered that the SIV-PEDF vector is an effective pharmaceutical agent for treating diseases associated with apoptotic degeneration in ocular tissue cells, such as glaucoma.

The invention provides methods for treating ocular diseases using a recombinant vehicle to express a protein useful in the treatment of ocular disease, with particular preference for use of neurotrophin-4 (NT4) for targeting subpopulations of cells in the retina. A genetically engineered gene transfer vector containing sequences encoding a growth factor such as neurotrophin-4 (NT4) is used to transduce cells of the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) layer, in situ, via administration of the vector intravitreally. Accordingly, methods are disclosed for treating subjects in need thereof by therapeutic protein delivery via a recombinant expression vector, including rescue of photoreceptors by targeting the RGC layer subpopulation of retinal cells.

The present invention provides an isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising, or consisting of, the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 or a nucleic acid sequence of at least 1400 bp having at least 80% identity to said sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, wherein said isolated nucleic acid molecule specifically leads to the expression in retinal ganglion cells of a gene when operatively linked to a nucleic acid sequence coding for said gene.

A method of processing color attributes of digital images is bioinspired and includes an architecture that emulates the functions of the retina of a primate based on an image as input. The method detects the color attributes in the image. The output is a data set that includes emulators that a virtual retina in which each emulator is parameterized and in which there are emulators of type G ON and G OFF midget ganglion cells, emulators of bistratified ganglion cells, and emulators of type R ON and OFF midget ganglion cells each connected to a plurality of type R ON and OFF midget bipolar cell emulators which in turn are connected through horizontal cell emulators, to a plurality of type L cone photoreceptor emulators and to a plurality of horizontal emulators and generates a third colour channel (A) of output signals.