The invention discloses a detecting device of a jewel bearing curvature radius. The detecting device of the jewel bearing curvature radius comprises a base frame, a sensor, a workpiece clamping mechanism, a program-controlled electricity box, and a touch screen, wherein the base frame comprises a panel, a supporting shaft is arranged on the panel, a rear panel is arranged on the upper portion of the supporting shaft, the sensor is arranged on the rear panel, the workpiece clamping mechanism is arranged on the panel, the workpiece clamping mechanism comprises a horizontally-moved table, a workpiece positioning tool is arranged on the top of the horizontally-moved table, a jewel bearing workpiece is arranged on the top of the workpiece positioning tool, and the program-controlled electricity box is arranged on one side of the base frame. A control device, a programmable logic controller (PLC) and a 24V power supply are arranged inside the program-controlled electricity box, and the touch screen is arranged on the top of the program-controlled electricity box. The detecting device of the jewel bearing curvature radius is simple in structure and convenient to use. The detecting efficiency is increased, and harm to human body and pollution to environment from diiodomethane solution are avoided.