790 results about "External reference" patented technology

Systems and methods for word sense disambiguation, including discerning one or more senses or occurrences, distinguishing between senses or occurrences, and determining a meaning for a sense or occurrence of a subject term. In a collection of documents containing terms and a reference collection containing at least one meaning associated with a term, the method includes forming a vector space representation of terms and documents. In some embodiments, the vector space is a latent semantic index vector space. In some embodiments, occurrences are clustered to discern or distinguish a sense of a term. In preferred embodiments, meaning of a sense or occurrence is assigned based on either correlation with an external reference source, or proximity to a reference source that has been indexed into the space.

A computer system and method for validating data object classification and consolidation using external references. The external references may be web pages, product catalogs, external databases, URLs, search results provided by a search engine or subsets or combinations of any of these to validate a classification or consolidation of records. Embodiments validate a data object classification or consolidation decision by searching external data sources, such as databases, the Internet etc. for references to the transactional data object and determining a confidence level based on the original data object and the unstructured information reference, URL, or search result for example. Decisions may be verified or denied based on the comparison of the external references related to each data object. Embodiments of the invention save substantial labor in validating business data objects and make data more reliable across enterprise systems.

A drilling system includes a steerable bottomhole assembly (BHA) having a steering unit and a control unit that provide dynamic control of drill bit orientation or tilt. Exemplary steering units can adjust bit orientation at a rate that approaches or exceeds the rotational speed of the drill string or drill bit, can include a dynamically adjustable articulated joint having a plurality of elements that deform in response to an excitation signal, can include adjustable independently rotatable rings for selectively tilting the bit, and / or can include a plurality of selectively extensible force pads. The force pads are actuated by a shape change material that deforms in response to an excitation signal. A method of directional drilling includes continuously cycling the position of the steering unit based upon the rotational speed of the drill string and / or drill bit and with reference to an external reference point.

A freehand 3-D imaging system includes an integrated sensor configuration that provides position and orientation of each 2D imaging plane used for 3-D reconstruction without the need for external references. The position sensors communicate with the imaging system using either wired and wireless means. At least one translational and one angular sensor or three translational sensors acquire data utilized to compute position tags associated with 2D ultrasound image scan frames. The sensors can be built into the ultrasound transducer or can be reversibly connected and therefore retrofitted to existing imaging probes for freehand 3D imaging.

A semiconductor integrated circuit device is connected to an external reference resistor, including an impedance control circuit for generating impedance control codes variable with impedances established by the external reference resistor. An input circuit receives an external signal through an input transfer line and forwards the external signal to an internal circuit. A termination circuit terminates the input transfer line in response to at least one of the impedance control code. An output circuit drives an output transfer line in accordance with an output signal. Impedance is variable with the control codes.

A network wherein a generator is communicatively coupled to an update store or repository employs an update package container or catalog (UPC) that may be used to save information, using an XML format. The UPC may comprise update packages for one or more devices, and one or more transitions of versions for each device. The UPC may also comprise metadata information and security information associated with each the update packages. The complete update packages and associated metadata may be incorporated into an UPC, or external references to the update packages may be provided.

Methods and systems for increasing the security or trust associated with an untrusted device are provided. For example, a trusted hardware component may send a request to the untrusted device. The request may indicate one or more challenges to be performed by a secure application executing on the untrusted device. The trusted hardware component may determine an expected response to the one or more challenges. The expected response may be determined at the secure hardware component based on an expected configuration of the untrusted device. The trusted hardware component may receive a response to the request from the untrusted device. The trusted hardware component may determine a security status of the untrusted device based on the expected response and the received response

A semiconductor integrated circuit device is connected to an external reference resistor, including an impedance control circuit for generating impedance control codes variable with impedances established by the external reference resistor. An input circuit receives an external signal through an input transfer line and forwards the external signal to an internal circuit. A termination circuit terminates the input transfer line in response to at least one of the impedance control code. An output circuit drives an output transfer line in accordance with an output signal. Impedance is variable with the control codes.

This invention uses a real-time holographic medium to record the amplitude and phase information collected from a moving platform at the aperture plane of a side-looking optical sensor over the collection time. A back-scan mirror is used to compensate platform motion during the synthetic aperture integration time. Phase errors caused by a nonlinear platform motion are compensated by controlling the phase offset between the illumination beam and the reference beam used to write the hologram based on inertial measurements of the flight path and the sensor line-of-sight pointing angles. In the illustrative embodiment, a synthetic aperture ladar (SAL) imaging system is mounted on a mobile platform. The system is adapted to receive a beam of electromagnetic energy; record the intensity and phase pattern carried by the beam; and store the pattern to compensate for motion of the platform relative to an external reference. In the illustrative embodiment, the image is stored as a holographic image. The system includes a back-scan mirror, which compensates the stored holographic pattern for motion of the platform. The medium and back-scan mirror may be replaced with a digital camera and one-dimensional and two-dimensional arrays may be used. In a specific embodiment, a two-dimensional array is used with a time delay and integration (TDI) scheme, which compensates for motion of the platform in the storage of the optical signals. In an alternative embodiment, a back-scanning mirror is used to compensate for motion of the platform. Consequently, the interference pattern between a relayed image of the aperture plane and a reference beam is continuously stored. In this embodiment, the instantaneous location of the received beam on the recording medium is controlled to compensate for motion of the platform.

A mobile soil mapping system includes an implement for traversing a field to be mapped, and a reflectance module carried by the implement for collecting spectroscopic measurements of soil in the field. The reflectance module has a light source, an optical receiver for transmitting light to a spectrometer, and a shutter system that alters the optical path between the light source and the optical receiver. The shutter system allows the system to automatically collect a dark reference measurement and a known reference material measurement at timed intervals to compensate for drift of the spectrometer and the light source. A self-cleaning window on the reflectance module has a lower surface maintained in firm contact with the soil during operation. External reference blocks are used to calibrate the system to ensure standardized, repeatable data. Additional sensors are carried by the implement to collect other soil data, such as electrical conductivity and temperature.

The frequency error of an oscillator is minimized by characterizing the oscillator. A reference signal from an external source containing a minimal frequency error is provided to an electronic device. The external signal is used as a reference frequency to estimate the frequency error of an internal frequency source. The electronic device monitors parameters that are determined to have an effect on the frequency accuracy of the internal frequency source. Temperature is one parameter known to have an effect on the frequency of the internal frequency source. The electronic device collects and stores the values of the parameters as well as the corresponding output frequency or frequency error of the internal frequency source. The resultant characterization of the internal frequency source is used to compensate the internal frequency source when the internal frequency source is not provided the external reference signal.

The present invention generally relates to the process of forming a magnetic element or magnetic device that may be used to form a component within an integrated circuit device using a combination of electroless plating and various standard semiconductor processing techniques. In one embodiment, a plurality of magnetic devices are formed on a surface of a substrate so that the orientation of features on the surface of the substrate can be ascertained. In one embodiment, the magnetic devices formed on a surface of a substrate are used to physically align a substrate to an external reference having a similar orientation of magnetic elements.

An integrated device includes a voltage mode transmit driver for matching an output impedance to an output transmission line based on a binary code, an input termination module configured for matching an input impedance to an input transmission line based on an input impedance calibration value using thermometer-based decoding. The voltage mode transmit driver includes, for each differential output signal, a resistor network circuit having pull-up circuits and pull-down circuits for changing the voltage on the differential output signal, and having binary weighted resistance values relative to each other. The input termination module includes pull-up circuits and pull-down circuits having inverse hyperbolic resistance values relative to each other, and using thermometer-based decoding to ensure a linear change in input impedance during transitions in the input impedance calibration value. A calibration circuit generates the binary code and the input impedance calibration value based on replicas of the pull-up and pull-down circuits.

A method and apparatus for calibrating a reference oscillator and use of a calibrated reference oscillator is disclosed. To gain cost reduction advantages, a less accurate reference oscillator is utilized in a wireless communication device. The cost benefit is gained at the expense of reference oscillator accuracy in that its inability to generate a signal with a highly accurate reference frequency inhibits acquisition of a carrier or pilot signal. To compensate, a correction factor is generated by minimizing the difference between the reference oscillator signal and a signal of known frequency, such as an external reference signal. Access to the reference oscillator signal, or a signal related thereto, may be gained via the communication device antenna or a test port. The correction factor may be stored in the wireless communication device for use in conjunction with the reference oscillator to thereby generate the highly accurate reference signal at the reference frequency.

Systems and methods are provided to measure reaction times and / or responses for head, eye, eyelid movements, and / or changes in pupil geometry. The system includes eyewear or headwear including one or more eye-tracking cameras for monitoring the position and geometry of at least one eye and its components of the user, one or more scene cameras for monitoring the user's surroundings, and one or more processors to determine reaction times. Optionally, the system may include one or more of a multi-axis accelerometer to monitor head movements, light sources to trigger visual evoked responses, and / or electronic inputs that may be used to indicate the time of occurrence of external reference events. Measured reaction times and other measurements may be monitored for use in a range of applications. Responses and reaction times may be measured continuously over extended periods, even over a lifetime to measure consequences of the aging process.

An intelligent caching data structure and mechanisms for storing visual information via objects and data representing graphics information. The data structure is generally associated with mechanisms that intelligently control how the visual information therein is populated and used. The cache data structure can be traversed for direct rendering, or traversed for pre-processing the visual information into an instruction stream for another entity. Much of the data typically has no external reference to it, thereby enabling more of the information stored in the data structure to be processed to conserve resources. A transaction / batching-like model for updating the data structure enables external modifications to the data structure without interrupting reading from the data structure, and such that changes received are atomically implemented. A method and mechanism are provided to call back to an application program in order to create or re-create portions of the data structure as needed, to conserve resources.

Resistors and capacitors of an integrated circuit (IC) are calibrated without an external reference resistor. The IC includes a tunable circuit element and a benchmarking circuit. The benchmarking circuit includes a target component and an internal reference component. The internal reference component exhibits a lower sensitivity to changes in test conditions than the target component. The benchmarking circuit is useable to measure benchmarking metric values associated with the internal reference and the target. In one example, a first benchmarking metric value is measured while an internal reference component participates in the circuit and a second benchmarking metric value is measured while a target component participates in the circuit. A benchmark value is calculated based on the measured values and systemic, parasitic errors of the benchmarking circuit are canceled. The benchmark value is used to calculate a new tuning code of the tunable circuit element present on the IC.

The coupling alignment warning system (CAWS) of the instant invention is designed to provide the driver of a towing unit, e.g., a commercial truck, with visual and / or audible cues that indicate whether the towing unit is aligned relative to a towed unit for proper engagement of the coupling components mounted thereon, including a fifth wheel hitch on the towing unit and a king pin on the trailer. The CAWS combines a laser light source and a series of sensors with a reflective target to provide alignment information to the user. In particular, the system combines a low-power laser diode mounted on the towing unit with a retro-reflective target that is attached, preferably temporarily, on the towed unit. The target will continuously return positive coupling alignment information back to the sensors as long as laser light impinges upon the target, i.e., as long as target acquisition is maintained. The sensors transmit detection signals to a processing unit that includes a microprocessor and relay. The microprocessor is programmed to calculate a threshold level of light that is based on sensed ambient light signals. In operation, the microprocessor decodes the detected light and determines whether the detected light level reaches the threshold level of light. If so, the CAWS indicates to the user that target acquisition has been achieved, and thus, that the towing unit is aligned with the towed unit for positive coupling. The microprocessor also controls the relay, thus controlling the delivery of power to the laser light source so that the system can continually compute an updated threshold level of light based on the ambient light in the surrounding operating environment. As a result, the system minimizes the chance of triggering on false light signals, notwithstanding varying ambient light conditions. The CAWS is particularly useful in zero or low visibility conditions because it can be used in conjunction with mirrors and external reference points to provide reliable position information to the user.

The present invention utilizes external synchronization to generate a completely standardized or functionally standardized optical transmission unit of level k (OTUk[V]) signal providing less jitter and wander build-up through a network of optical transport network (OTN) elements. This increases noise margins of transported signals and payloads. The present invention provides stratum-level synchronization utilizing a standards-based approach. In one embodiment of the present invention, rate adapters are included to provide m / n scaling of OTUk[V] signals to rates common in SONET and SDH synchronizers to provide line and loop distribution of timing through OTUk[V] signals. The present invention provides a choice of external synchronization sources including building integrated timing source (BITS), line, and loop timing sources. In another exemplary embodiment, the present invention provides multiple external references and automated timing protection switching for redundancy and reliability.

An on-DRAM termination resistance control circuit is capable of controlling resistance of an IC termination and minimizing area for the resistance control circuit by using a simplified circuit scheme. The on-DRAM termination resistance control circuit includes a push-up resistance adjusting unit, a pull-down resistance adjusting unit and resistance adjustment control unit. The push-up resistance adjusting unit adjusts resistances of a first and a second inner resistors based on an external reference resistor. The pull-down resistance adjusting unit adjusts a resistance of a third resistor based on the second inner resistor that is adjusted by adjustment of the push-up resistance control unit. The resistance adjustment control unit controls to alternatively repeat the operation of the push-up resistance adjusting unit and the pull-down resistance adjusting unit for a predetermined number of adjustment times.

The present invention enables the manufacture of an NTP stratum-1 server using IS-95 / 2000 synchronous mobile terminals as an external reference clock, instead of an expensive atomic clock or a GPS receiver having a difficulty in indoor reception. It is therefore possible to use an NTP server that provides precise time information by a relatively inexpensive method so as to synchronize a subnet or Internet. By using the NTP servers, precise UTC information and a tick rate stable in the system operation can be provided to the nodes of a network.

The invention discloses a multi-passage and high precision data collector, belonging to data collectors. The data collector comprises a data collection module, a power module, a micro processor module, a stimulation measure module and a signal selection module, wherein, the signal selection module comprises a passage selection circuit, a current selection circuit, a bus and a function selection circuit, and the stimulation measure module comprises an amplification circuit, an A / D conversion circuit, an external reference source circuit and an optical coupling isolation circuit. The data collector has high system automation and intelligence and the precision as high as one thousand which is higher than the current industrial standard; also the testing function is widely universal and the collection passage is various.

A portable apparatus including a first interface configured to input speed data of a user or location data of the user from a positioning unit utilizing external reference points is disclosed. The portable apparatus also includes a second interface configured to input motion data of a user from a self-contained activity determining unit. Furthermore, the portable apparatus includes a processing unit configured to constitute, if the first interface only inputs the location data, speed data from the location data, select filtering characteristics based on the motion data, filter the speed data with the selected filtering characteristics, and determine physiological data of the user with the filtered speed data.

The invention provides an image stitching processing method and device. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring images which correspond to multiple scene points, wherein an image which corresponds to each scene point comprises a reference image and to-be-stitched images, the reference image and the to-be-stitched images are acquired by different image acquisition devices in the view direction, and the reference image and the to-be-stitched images have overlap areas; respectively extracting matching interest points between the reference image and the to-be-stitched images which correspond to each scene point; estimating rotation matrixes and offset matrixes among the different image acquisition devices in the view direction by utilizing the matching interest points which correspond to the scene points; and respectively stitching the images which correspond to all the scene points according to the rotation matrixes and the offset matrixes. According to the image stitching processing method and device provided by the invention, external references of the image acquisition devices are estimated by utilizing the matching interest points of the images which correspond to the scene points to stitch the images which correspond to all the scene points, and therefore, errors brought by the image acquisition devices can be more equally dispersed, and the stitching quality of the images is improved.

The invention discloses a rotary transformer static and dynamic angle measuring accuracy calibration device and a rotary transformer static and dynamic angle measuring accuracy calibration method. The method is based on an external reference comparison method. The calibration device mainly comprises a driving turntable, a mechanical shaft system, a metal polygon, a photoelectric auto-collimator, a circular grating and the like. The metal polygon and the photoelectric auto-collimator are utilized for carrying out static angle measuring accuracy calibration on a rotary transformer, in addition, calibration and compensation are carried out on the circular grating, and installation errors are corrected. When the driving turntable drives the shaft system to rotate, the circular grating is utilized for carrying out dynamic angle measuring accuracy calibration on the rotary transformer. The device and the method have the advantages that different external reference characteristics are combined, the same device is utilized for completing the static and dynamic calibration of the rotary transformer, the comprehensive analysis and the error compensation of the angle measuring accuracy of the rotary transformer are realized, the improvement of an angle measuring system is favorably realized, and the angle measuring accuracy is improved.

The invention provides a three-dimensional microscale measuring device and method based on a four-core fiber grating, and belongs to the technical field of precision instrument manufacturing and measurement. The device comprises a broadband light source, an optical spectrum analyzer, an optical circulator, a control computer, a multi-way optical switch and an external reference grating. The multi-way optical switch is communicated with a four-core fiber fan-out device through four single mode fibers. One end of a four-core fiber is connected to the four-core fiber fan-out device. A four-core fiber grating probe is fixedly installed at the other end of the four-core fiber through a probe clamp holder. The four-core fiber and the four-core fiber grating probe are connected to form a closed circuit. According to the method, the multi-way optical switch is controlled by the control computer to switch optical paths, the optical spectrum analyzer is used for measuring reflectance spectra of the fiber gratings, and three-dimensional microscale measuring without temperature coupling is realized by utilizing a differential data processing algorithm. The three-dimensional microscale measuring device and method based on the four-core fiber grating have the advantages that accuracy is high, contact force is small, the device and method are not affected by the masking effect, and the service life of the probe is long.