The invention provides a method for detecting staphylococcus aureus and enterotoxin genotypes of the staphylococcus aureus by utilizing multiple PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technology. The main technical scheme is as follows: designing primer sequences and optimizing a multiple PCR system and conditions. Enterotoxins and invasive enzymes of staphylococcus aureus affect the pathogenicity of staphylococcus aureus and the enterotoxins which have been identified already are A, B, C1-C3, D, E, G, H, I, J, L, M and N. Generally speaking, food poisoning is commonly caused by A and D and less commonly caused by B and C, the occurrence rate of food poisoning related to the toxin E is the lowest, and the enterotoxins have different toxicity, wherein the toxin A has stronger toxicity and D has weaker toxicity. Aiming at the common enterotoxin genotypes of staphylococcus aureus, the invention overcomes the defects in the prior art and provides the method for detecting staphylococcus aureus and enterotoxin genotypes of the staphylococcus aureus in food by utilizing the multiple PCR technology. The method can be used for simultaneously detecting staphylococcus aureus generating enterotoxins A, B, C and D in the same reaction system.