The invention discloses a novel AlGaN / GaN high-electronic-mobility transistor with the passivation layer charge compensation function. According to the novel crystal structure, charges are injected into a surface passivation layer between the grid electrode and the drainage electrode of the transistor, so that a charge compensation layer is formed, the charges exist on the surface of the transistor, surface electric fields are re-distributed through the electric field modulation effect on the premise that the AlGaN / GaN heterojunction polarization effect is not affected, a new electric field peak is generated, in this way, high electric fields on the edge of the grid electrode and at the drainage end are lowered, the surface electric fields tend to be even, and compared with a traditional structure, the breakdown voltage and the reliability of devices are improved remarkably; in addition, due to the fact that the charge compensation layer has the charge compensation function, the carrier concentrations of channels are re-distributed, the on resistance of the devices is reduced, and the output current is increased.