The invention discloses a self-floating type impeller aerator, which comprises a buoy impeller (1), wherein the buoy impeller (1) is provided with a power device (3) through a connecting support plate (2), and comprises a sealing buoy (11) and blades (12), the power device (3) consists of a vertical motor (31), a speed reduction mechanism (32) and a rotary flange (33), the integral blade (12) is in an L shape, and is uniformly provided with a plurality of water division holes (6) and a water division groove (7), and the blades (12) are fixedly and adjustably connected with the sealing buoy (11) by virtue of the blade bottom plate (13). The aerator not only solves the problems of large size of aeration equipment and inconvenient production, transportation, assembly and use as the traditional impeller aerator uses the bearing devices, such as floating balls, to bear the power device of the aerator, but also effectively solves the problems of single type of traditional blade and unable aeration, water tillage and surging.