The invention belongs to the field of machining, and particularly relates to a lathe fixture of polygonal parts, which is used for processing clamping and location of parts with a quite high requirement on form and location tolerance. At present, when parts with externally square and precise inner hole characteristics are processed through a lathe, an operator is required to put the parts on the lathe, the parts are clamped through a four-jaw chuck, and precise holes of the parts can be processed after the operator continuously and manually adjusts the parts for alignment; and the method has the defects that firstly, the location precision of the four-jaw chuck of the lathe is not high, and the alignment is hard to achieve; and secondly, the repetitive location precision is not high, and the form and location tolerance between the precise inner holes and shape of the parts is hard to guarantee. The invention provides a locating fixture which is quick in clamping, automatic in location, quick and convenient to use, low in labor strength, high in working efficiency, and safe to operate, and is used for processing parts which have externally square and precise inner hole characteristics and have a relatively high requirement on the form and location tolerance between the precise inner holes and shape of the parts.