The invention discloses a time-limited efficient method for erasing ranked data in an integrated avionics system, and provides a layered architecture to erase the data of the integrated avionics system, wherein the upper layer thereof is the ranked data erasing decision, which decides a sub-algorithm for erasing data in a file by adopting a 'mean correspondence diffusion method' and combining thefile properties, such as security level, size, encryption, etc., as well as the system allowable erasing time. The lower layer is the ranked data erasing algorithm, which comprises a main erasing algorithm and an erasing algorithm set composed of erasing sub-algorithms, wherein, the main erasing algorithm is used for balancing the security and the timeliness of the file erasing by designing a 'skipping' method; the erasing sub-algorithms in the erasing algorithm set are generated and configured according to different parameters by the main erasing algorithm, and used for being called by the erasing decision, so as to erase the files at different security levels. The method for erasing the ranked data has the characteristics of limited time, high efficiency, safety and flexibility. Therefore, the method is suitable for the integrated airborne avionics system of the next-generation.