The invention relates to a
directional drilling system and a
directional drilling method. The
directional drilling system comprises a rack, a sampling
assembly and a plurality of idler wheels, the sampling
assembly comprises a mounting frame, a lifting piece, a
servo motor and a sampling rod, the mounting frame is rotationally connected with a plurality of rotating rods,
drill bits are arranged atthe bottoms of the rotating rods, and a containing cavity and a clamping
assembly are arranged on each
drill bit; and the rack is provided with a linkage assembly, a plurality of disengaging pieces,a plurality of limiting pieces and a plurality of driving pieces. In the sampling process, the sampling rod is driven by the
servo motor to rotate firstly, then the mounting frame is driven by the lifting piece to descend, then the clamping assembly moves to abut against the disengaging pieces, the
drill bits are fixed underground, and the sampling rod rotates to go deep into the underground position for soil sampling. After sampling is completed, the sampling rod is driven by the
servo motor to rotate reversely, the mounting frame is driven by the lifting piece to ascend, and the sampling rodis rotated out from the underground position, so that soil sampling is completed. The directional
drilling system and the directional drilling method improve the sampling efficiency.