The invention relates to a structure for preventing a bridge from overturning transversely and a construction method of the structure and belongs to the technical field of bridge structures. The structure comprises
bridge deck slab bottom embedded
steel plates, channel
steel plates, corbels, steel anchor rods and nuts. The corresponding
steel plates are embedded in the bottom of a
bridge deck slab along the two transverse sides and firmly connected with the
bridge deck slab through anchoring parts. The channel steel plates and the embedded steel plates are connected in a welded manner. The steel corbels or the
reinforced concrete corbels are arranged at the positions, close to the top, of a
pier. Oval holes are reserved in the bottoms of the channel steel plates and the corbels. The
diameter of each steel anchor rod is smaller than the width of each oval hole. The steel anchor rods vertically penetrate the reserved holes. The two ends of each steel anchor rod are screwed through the nuts. Tiny gaps are reserved between the nuts at the lower ends and the bottom faces of the corbels, so that a bridge
deck system is allowed to slide freely in the longitudinal direction of the bridge, and meanwhile the bridge
deck system and the
pier can be connected in a pulling manner. The structure for preventing the bridge from overturning transversely is reasonable in stress, capable of obtaining materials easily, simple, convenient to construct, economical and practical.