The invention relates to the field of pile foundation project study, and aims at providing a one-dimensional horizontal circulation load loading device and an experiment method thereof. The one-dimensional horizontal circulation load loading device comprises a model groove, a loading system and a monitoring system. The interior of the model groove is used for being filled with filling soil and provided with a model pile. The loading system comprises a hydraulic servo actuator, a computer control system, a counter-force frame, a hydraulic jack, a positioning support and a positioning support guide rail. The monitoring system comprises a strain gage and a data collecting system. According to the circulation load loading experiment method, the horizontal circulation load is exerted on the model pile, real-time monitoring is carried out, and the working characteristic of the model pile under the action of the horizontal circulation load, the bearing force weakening situation and the influence range on the surrounding soil are studied. A series of one-dimensional horizontal circulation loads such as the wave load, the windstorm load and the earthquake load are simulated by changing the conditions such as the load amplitude, the load average value, the number of circulation times and the circulation frequency.