38 results about "Vibrational spectrum" patented technology

A method and apparatus for quantum computing. A computer-program source code, data, and unsubstantiated output variables are converted into a class of computable functions by a program compiler. The computable functions are encoded, and a continualization method is applied to the encoded functions to determine a first-order, time-dependent, differential equation. Variational calculus is employed to construct a Lagrangian whose minimum geodesic is the solution for the first-order, time-dependent, differential equation. The Lagrangian is converted into a quantum, canonical, Hamiltonian operator which is realized as an excitation field via an excitation generator. The excitation field is repeatedly applied to a quantum processor consisting of a lattice of polymer nodes to generate an intensity-versus-vibrational-frequency spectrum of the lattice nodes. The average vibrational spectrum intensity values are used as coefficients in an approximating polynomial of the encoding function to determine the substantiated output variables, or program output.

CMP pad conditioning processes have been monitored and controlled by detecting the vibrational spectrum of a sensor mounted on the conditioner support arm. An accelerometer is used as the detector so that vibrational velocity (which correlates with pad wear) can be measured, rather than displacement or acceleration. After the vibrational spectrum has been transformed to its frequency domain equivalent, it is monitored for the presence of abnormal peaks in order to control the conditioning process.

The invention relates to a vibrational signal based railway track geometric deformation detection method and belongs to the technical field of train track failure monitoring and diagnosis. The method comprises the following steps: allowing the data to be subjected to short-time Fourier transform based on vibrational data of geometric deformation types of the train at different positions, so as to obtain the vibrational spectrum; extracting the spectrum characteristics, allowing the extracted characteristics to be subjected to dimension reduction through principal component analysis, so as to obtain master spectrum characteristics; building a reliability computation module of each geometric deformation type for a support vector machine of each geometric deformation type; when on-line detection is performed, extracting the spectrum characteristics according to the real-time measured vibrational data, so as to obtain the master spectrum characteristics, obtaining the reliability models of the geometric deformation types through off-line calculation so as to obtain the reliability affiliated to each type, and gaining a diagnosis reliability vector based on the reliability. The detection method can accurately diagnose and position conditions of the geometric deformation types, and can perform on-line analysis and diagnose of the track geometric deformation types when being applied to a real-time operating high-speed train.

CMP pad conditioning processes have been monitored and controlled by detecting the vibrational spectrum of a sensor mounted on the conditioner support arm. An accelerometer is used as the detector so that vibrational velocity (which correlates with pad wear) can be measured, rather than displacement or acceleration. After the vibrational spectrum has been transformed to its frequency domain equivalent, it is monitored for the presence of abnormal peaks in order to control the conditioning process.

A method and apparatus for quantum computing. A computer-program source code, data, and unsubstantiated output variables are converted into a class of computable functions by a program compiler. The computable functions are encoded, and a continualization method is applied to the encoded functions to determine a first-order, time-dependent, differential equation. Variational calculus is employed to construct a Lagrangian whose minimum geodesic is the solution for the first-order, time-dependent, differential equation. The Lagrangian is converted into a quantum, canonical, Hamiltonian operator which is realized as an excitation field via an excitation generator. The excitation field is repeatedly applied to a quantum processor consisting of a lattice of polymer nodes to generate an intensity-versus-vibrational-frequency spectrum of the lattice nodes. The average vibrational spectrum intensity values are used as coefficients in an approximating polynomial of the encoding function to determine the substantiated output variables, or program output.

The invention addresses the problem of improving battery characteristics by the optimum combination of an electrolyte and a negative electrode active material. In a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, an electrolyte is used that contains a metal salt and an organic solvent having a heteroatom and satisfies the relationship Is>Io, where, for peak intensities derived from the organic solvent in a vibrational spectrum, Io is the intensity of a peak inherent in the organic solvent and Is is the intensity of a peak to which the peak inherent in the organic solvent shifts. As a negative electrode, any of the followings (1) to (5) is used: (1) graphite having a G / D ratio of 3.5 or more, said G / D ratio being the ratio of the peak of the G-band and the peak of the D-band in a raman spectrum, (2) carbon material having a crystallite size of 20 nm or less, said crystallite size being calculated from the half width of a peak appearing at 2theta = 20 DEG to 30 DEG in an x-ray diffraction profile measured by an x-ray diffraction method, (3) silicon element and / or tin element, (4) metal oxide that can absorb and release lithium ions, and (5) graphite having a major axis to minor axis ratio (major axis / minor axis) of 1 to 5.

The invention relates to the identifying of not easily volatilized substances, in particular hazardous materials, in a gas phase. A measurement cell (2) and a gas supply device (14) connected to the measurement cell (2) are heated and a plasmonic surface (1) arranged in the measurement cell (2) is temperature-controlled such that the plasmonic surface (1) has a lower temperature than the measurement cell (2) and the gas supply device (14). The gas phase is guided through the gas supply device (14) into the measurement cell (2) in such a manner that the gas phase reaches the temperature-controlled plasmonic surface (1). Substances adsorbed from the gas phase on the plasmonic surface (1) are analyzed by an optical process. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy or surface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy can be used as the optical process. Selectivity can be increased by combining both methods. Selectivity can be additionally increased by using a gas detector, preferably an ion-mobility spectrometer, along with one or both optical processes, and thus the false alarm rate reduced without loss of time.

The invention provides a rapid and nondestructive identification method of an optical isomer with biochemical activity. The method comprises steps as follows: (1) adopting a selective adsorption material to perform selective adsorption treatment on an optical isomer sample; (2) collecting vibration spectrum data of a product obtained after treatment in Step (1); (3) identifying whether the sample is the optical isomer with the biochemical activity or not according to characteristic differences of the vibration spectrum data obtained in Step (2) under specific frequency. With the adoption of the method, rapid, efficient and environment-friendly identification can be performed on the optical isomer with the biochemical activity, no polarized light accessory is required, and the application range of vibration spectrum is extended, so that an important technological means is provided for separation, purification, efficient production, safe usage and the like of the optical isomer with the biochemical activity.

Some embodiments of the present invention provide a system that detects the presence of constrained motion in one or more components in a computer system. First, a vibrational spectrum of the computer system is monitored while the computer system operates. Then, the vibrational spectrum is analyzed using a pattern-recognition model to detect constrained motion in one or more components in the computer system, wherein the pattern-recognition model classifies the vibrational spectrum as indicating constrained motion or as not indicating constrained motion.

The invention discloses a laser confocal / differential confocal Raman spectrum vibration parameter measurement method, and belongs to the technical field of optical precision measurement. Confocal vibration detection, differential confocal vibration detection and Raman spectrum detection technologies are fused, nondestructive separation is carried out on Rayleigh light and Raman scattered light byutilizing a dichroic light splitting system, spectrum detection is carried out on the Raman scattered light, and vibration parameter detection such as amplitude and frequency is carried out on the Rayleigh light. Therefore, the vibration information testing method capable of simultaneously detecting the vibration parameters of the sample micro-area and the Raman spectrum of the vibration of the sample micro-area is formed. According to the invention, the confocal Raman microscope and the differential confocal Raman microscope have the capability of simultaneously detecting micro-area vibrationparameter information and the Raman spectrum of micro-area vibration. The method has the advantages of high vibration measurement precision, wide amplitude measurement range, high frequency measurement bandwidth, high spectrum detection sensitivity, capability of measuring periodic motion and aperiodic motion, high environmental interference resistance and the like. Meanwhile, high-precision detection of micro-area vibration parameters and vibration spectral characteristics is carried out, and the method has a wide application prospect in the technical field of optical precision measurement.

The invention provides an infrared detection system for conformation and secondary structure analysis, notably for the direct non-invasive qualitative secondary structure analysis of a single selected protein within a complex mixture, as e.g. a body fluid, by vibrational spectroscopic methods utilizing a quantum-cascade laser. For the analysis it is not required that the selected substance be isolated, concentrated, or pretreated by a special preparative procedure. A difference-spectrum between the unbound and antibody-bound protein of interest is performed by which the much larger background absorbance is cancelled. The presented quantum-cascade laser set-up provides sufficient S / N and stability to subtract the several orders of magnitude larger background absorbance.

The invention is directed to a method for non-invasive determination of the potential presence of one or more loss-of-function mutation(s) in the gene encoding for filaggrin.The method of the invention comprises(i) obtaining a vibrational spectrum from the stratum corneum of the individual;(ii) determining the local natural moisturising factor content from the vibrational spectrum;(iii) optionally repeating steps (i) and (ii); and(iv) comparing the local natural moisturising factor content of the individual to a reference value,wherein said stratum corneum is stratum corneum of a location of the body of said individual at which said one or more loss-of-function mutation(s) in the gene encoding for filaggrin has a stronger influence on the natural moisturising factor concentration than other factors influencing the natural moisturising factor concentration.

The invention belongs to the technical field of in-situ sum frequency vibration spectrum characterization, and particularly relates to an in-situ sum frequency vibration spectrum detection device withlaser heating. The device comprises a sample table, a laser heating and temperature control system and a gas path system. The sample table comprises a sample pool, an adjusting mechanism and a box body which are connected in sequence. An optical element is arranged in the box body, the laser heating and temperature control system is used for emitting laser into the box body, the optical element is used for turning and focusing the laser onto a sample in the sample pool and carrying out laser heating and temperature control on the sample, and the gas path system is used for vacuumizing the sample pool and providing atmospheres with different pressures for the sample pool. The device is small in size and convenient to disassemble and replace, the position of a sample can be adjusted in an x-y plane, and the sample can be rotated by 360 degrees. According to the invention, the change of the surface structure can be represented in situ at different temperatures and pressures.

The invention provides a method that gives direct information about the intervention of a potential drug on the secondary structure distribution of a targetbiomolecule, i.e., for a disease with misfolded protein, such as neurodegenerative diseases in a complex body fluid. The secondary structural change is monitored by vibrational spectroscopy. The method can be applied for prescreening of drug candidates for targeting of specific biomolecules. The effect of the drug on the secondary structure distribution is monitored label-free in real time and provides thereby direct information about the efficacy of the potential drug.

The invention relates to a method for rapid nondestructive test of irradiated food. The method comprises the following steps: (1) terahertz refractive index spectrum data of a sample to be tested are acquired; (2) characteristic data R1 and R2 which are respectively corresponding to a characteristic frequency v1 and a characteristic frequency v2 are extracted from the terahertz refractive index spectrum data; (3) characteristic values including v1, v2, R1 and R2 are calculated, and whether the sample is irradiated food is judged according to the characteristic values. The rapid nondestructive test method of the irradiated foodstuff extends applications of vibrational spectrum to the field of deteriorated foodstuff identification; the method has the characteristics of fast analysis speed, high accuracy, high working efficiency, environmental protection without pollution, and the like; the method provides powerful guarantee and technical support of rapid nondestructive identification of deteriorated foodstuff, and has active effects and reference meanings for guarantying quality and safety of foodstuff, promoting healthy development of foodstuff market, researching and developing rapid nondestructive testing instruments, and other aspects.

The present disclosure relates to automated systems (200) and methods for quantitatively determining a fixation duration of a biological specimen using a trained fixation estimation engine (210). In some embodiments, the trained fixation estimation (210) engine includes a neural network. In some embodiments, the trained fixation estimation (210) engine includes a supervised classifier.

The invention belongs to the electrochemistry technical field and relates to an electrochemical working electrode engraved with a metal nano grating and a preparation method of the electrochemical working electrode. At present, people's understanding of electrochemical reactions at the molecular level is still very insufficient, they still face a tough challenge in obtaining intermediate products,and the configurations and orientations of chemical bonds in a reaction process. The infrared vibration spectroscopy is the most effective technique to acquire molecular level information in chemicalanalysis, however, infrared light is strongly attenuated in an electrode and an electrolyte, and as a result, it is difficult to measure an infrared spectrum. According to the electrochemical workingelectrode engraved with the metal nano grating provided by the invention, a momentum is compensated by the grating, so that incident infrared light can be coupled into surface plasmons which can be propagated on an interface and have a strong near-field enhancement effect, and therefore, the absorption of the infrared light by the metal electrode and the electrolyte can be offset, field strengthat the electrochemical interface can be enhanced considerably, and thus, the acquisition of a molecular vibrational spectrum in an in-situ and real-time reaction process on the electrochemical interface can be realized.

A method of measuring a polarization response of a sample (1), in particular a biological sample, comprises the steps of generating a sequence of excitation waves (2), irradiating the sample (1) with the sequence of excitation waves (2), including an interaction of the excitation waves (2) with the sample (1), so that a sequence of sample waves (3) is generated each including a superposition of a sample main pulse and a sample global molecular fmgerprint (GMF) wave (EGMF(sample)(t)), irradiating a reference sample (1A) with the sequence of excitation waves (2), including an interaction of the excitation waves (2) with the reference sample (1A), so that a sequence of reference waves (3A) is generated each including a superposition of a reference main pulse and a reference GMF wave (EGMF(ref)(t)), optically separating a difference of the sample waves (3) and reference waves (3A) from GMF wave contributions which are common to both of the sample waves (3) and reference waves (3A) in space and / or time, and detecting the difference of the sample waves (3) and the reference waves (3A) and determining a temporal amplitude of differential molecular fmgerprint (dMF) waves (ΔGMF) (4) each comprising the difference of the sample and reference GMF waves. Futhermore, as a spectroscopic apparatus for measuring a polarization response of a sample (1) is described.

The present disclosure relates to automated systems and methods for predicting an expression of one or more biomarkers in a sample of a biological specimen. In some embodiments, the sample is one which has an unknown fixation status, or one where the duration of fixation to which the sample was subject is unknown. In some embodiments, the predicted expression is a quantitative estimation of the percent positivity of one or more biomarkers. In other embodiments, the predicted expression is a quantitative estimation of the staining intensity of one or more biomarkers. In some embodiments, the systems and methods utilize a trained biomarker expression estimation engine which has been trained with a plurality of training samples, where the trained biomarker expression estimation engine is adapted to derive biomarker expression features from the sample.

A vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy method and apparatus that can significantly reduce the measurement time needed to acquire a differential absorption spectrum compared to known approaches. A dual-comb is generated by superimposing the outputs from two quantum cascade laser sources, thus providing a third comb interferogram with beat frequencies higher than the polarization modulation frequency. Consequently, for each of the left and right circularly polarized light, the measurement signal measures transmission through the sample across the full wavelength range of interest during each period of the polarization modulation. A complete vibrational spectrum is thus acquired in each modulation of a polarization modulator, instead of only acquiring data for a single wavelength during each modulation of the polarization, as in dispersive or tunable laser VCD, or only a single Fourier component of the spectrum, as in Fourier transform VCD.

Some embodiments of the present invention provide a system that detects the presence of constrained motion in one or more components in a computer system. First, a vibrational spectrum of the computer system is monitored while the computer system operates. Then, the vibrational spectrum is analyzed using a pattern-recognition model to detect constrained motion in one or more components in the computer system, wherein the pattern-recognition model classifies the vibrational spectrum as indicating constrained motion or as not indicating constrained motion.

The invention provides a method for identifying the optical rotation of an optical isocompound. The method comprises the steps of setting a spectrograph to be under specific spectral resolution based on a vibration spectrum technology, obtaining the absorbance of a sample under specific wave number, calculating characteristic values according to the characteristics of the specific wave number and an absorbance value, namely the spectroscopic characteristics of the sample, and whether the compound is a laevo isomer (L-type) or a dextroisomer (D-type) is judged. The method can achieve fast, simple, efficient and environmentally-friendly identification of the optical isocompound without light polarization attachments, the application range of a vibration spectrum is widened, and an important technical means is provided on the aspects of separation and purification, efficient production, safe use and the like of optical isocompounds.

This disclosure concerns a cytometry system including a handling system that enables presentation of single cells to at least one laser source. The laser source is configured to deliver light to a cell within the cells in order to induce bond vibrations in the cellular DNA. The system further includes a detection facility that detects the signature of the bond vibrations, wherein the bond vibration signature is used to determine the folding or packing of the DNA.

A vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy method and apparatus that can significantly reduce the measurement time needed to acquire a differential absorption spectrum compared to known approaches. A dual-comb is generated by superimposing the outputs from two quantum cascade laser sources, thus providing a third comb interferogram with beat frequencies higher than the polarization modulation frequency. Consequently, for each of the left and right circularly polarized light, the measurement signal measures transmission through the sample across the full wavelength range of interest during each period of the polarization modulation. A complete vibrational spectrum is thus acquired in each modulation of a polarization modulator, instead of only acquiring data for a single wavelength during each modulation of the polarization, as in dispersive or tunable laser VCD, or only a single Fourier component of the spectrum, as in Fourier transform VCD.

The present disclosure relates to automated systems and methods for quantitatively determining a de-masking status of a biological sample undergoing a de-masking process, such as an antigen repair process and / or a target repair process, using a trained de-masking status estimation engine. In some embodiments, the trained unmasked state estimation engine includes a machine learning algorithm based on projection to a potential structure regression model. In some embodiments, the trained unmasked state estimation engine includes a neural network.

The present disclosure relates to automated systems and methods for predicting expression of one or more biomarkers in a sample of biological samples. In some embodiments, the sample is a sample having an unknown immobilization state, or a sample subjected to an unknown immobilization duration. In some embodiments, the predicted expression is a quantitative estimate of a positive percentage of one or more biomarkers. In other embodiments, the predicted expression is a quantitative estimate of staining intensity of one or more biomarkers. In some embodiments, the systems and methods utilize a trained biomarker expression estimation engine that has been trained with a plurality of training samples, where the trained biomarker expression estimation engine is adapted to derive biomarker expression characteristics from the samples. In some embodiments, the trained biomarker expression estimation engine includes a machine learning algorithm based on projection to a potential structure regression model. In some embodiments, the trained biomarker expression estimation engine includes a neural network.

The present disclosure relates to automated systems and methods for quantitatively determining an unmasking status of a biological specimen subjected to an unmasking process (e.g. an antigen retrieval process and / or a target retrieval process) using a trained unmasking status estimation engine. In some embodiments, the trained unmasking status estimation engine comprises a machine learning algorithm based on a projection onto latent structure regression model. In some embodiments, the trained unmasking status estimation engine includes a neural network.