40 results about "Retinal Cones" patented technology

The invention provides a human visual perception simulation-based self-adaptive low-illumination image enhancement method. The method is put forwards based on characteristics of low brightness and low contrast of a low-illumination color image and through researching an automatic adjustment process of pupils and photoreceptor cells for an environment. The method includes the following steps that: the adjustment process of the pupils for light is simulated, and the total brightness level of the image is improved; and the self-adaptive adjustment and control ability of eye vision for a low-illumination environment is simulated, and a nonlinear mapping model is designed to simulate the adjustment process of rod cells and cone cells, so that a bright and dark self-adaptation function can be obtained, and a bright and dark information fusing function is determined according to illumination distribution, and global self-adaptive adjustment is performed on brightness components; and the local contrast of the enhanced brightness image will be decreased, so that local self-adaptive contrast enforcement is performed on the image through adopting an exponential function; and finally, and color restoration is performed on the enhanced image. With the human visual perception simulation-based self-adaptive low-illumination image enhancement method of the invention adopted, the brightness, local contrast and detail information of the low-illumination color image can be effectively improved, and especially, the method has obvious effects in dark area and highlight area enhancement.

The subject invention concerns materials and methods for providing for cone cell specific expression of a polynucleotide in a human or animal. One aspect of the invention concerns a polynucleotide promoter sequence that directs expression of an operably linked polynucleotide in cone cells. In one embodiment, a polynucleotide of the invention comprises a nucleotide sequence of an interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) gene that is positioned upstream of a promoter nucleotide sequence of a cone transducin alpha-subunit (GNAT2) gene. Another aspect of the subject invention concerns methods for expressing a selected polynucleotide in cone cells. The selected polynucleotide can be provided in a polynucleotide of the invention wherein the selected polynucleotide is operably linked to a polynucleotide promoter sequence of the invention. In one embodiment, the selected polynucleotide sequence is provided in a polynucleotide vector of the invention. The vector comprising the selected polynucleotide is then introduced into a cell. The selected polynucleotide is expressed only in cone cells, with very little, if any, expression in rods or other cells. A selected polynucleotide can be one that encodes, for example, a therapeutic protein or a functional protein that is defective or underexpressed in the targeted cone cells.

A method of preserving cone cells in the eye of a mammal suffering from a retinal degenerative disease comprises isolating from the bone marrow of the mammal a lineage negative hematopoietic stem cell population that includes endothelial progenitor cells, transfecting cells from the stem cell population with a gene that operably encodes an antiangiogenic fragment of human tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase (TrpRS), and subsequently intravitreally injecting the transfected cells into the eye of the mammal in an amount sufficient to inhibit the degeneration of cone cells in the retina of the eye. The treatment may be enhanced by stimulating proliferation of activated astrocytes in the retina using a laser.

Methods and compositions are provided for intravitreally delivering a polynucleotide to cone photoreceptors. Aspects of the methods include injecting a recombinant adeno-associated virus comprising a polynucleotide of interest into the vitreous of the eye. These methods and compositions find particular use in treating ocular disorders associated with cone dysfunction and / or death.

Isolated, mammalian, adult bone marrow-derived, lineage negative hematopoietic stem cell populations (Lin− HSCs) contain endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) capable of rescuing retinal blood vessels and neuronal networks in the eye. Preferably at least about 20% of the cells in the isolated Lini HSCs express the cell surface antigen CD31. The isolated Lin− HSC populations are useful for treatment of ocular vascular diseases and to ameliorate cone cell degeneration in the retina. In a preferred embodiment, the Lin− HSCs are isolated by extracting bone marrow from an adult mammal; separating a plurality of monocytes from the bone marrow; labeling the monocytes with biotin-conjugated lineage panel antibodies to one or more lineage surface antigens; removing of monocytes that are positive for the lineage surface antigens from the plurality of monocytes, and recovering a Lin− HSC population containing EPCs. The isolated Lin− HSCs also can be transfected with therapeutically useful genes. The treatment may be enhanced by stimulating proliferation of activated astrocytes in the retina using a laser.

The invention discloses a mmethod for obtaining analogous retinal tissues rich in cone and rod cells by using human induced pluripotent stem cells. The method comprises the following steps: digestinghiPSCs to obtain cell pellets, and then carrying out suspension cultivation on the cell pellets to obtain an embryoid body; reinoculating the embryoid body into a culture dish enveloped by Matrigel, and carrying out induced differentiation inside an induced cultivation solution to obtain nerve retina (NR) and RPE; stirring up the NR and the RPE, carrying out suspension cultivation to obtain 3D analogous retina comprising NR tissues, then carrying out continuous suspension cultivation inside an optimized culture solution without retinoic acid, carrying out NR differentiation on all retinal cells, comprising highly matured photoreceptor cells, Rhodopsin positive rod cells, L / M OPSIN positive red and green cone cells and S-OPSIN positive blue cone cells, and thus particularly obtaining the analogous retinal tissues rich in red and green cone and rod cells.

Isolated, mammalian, adult bone marrow-derived, lineage negative hematopoietic stem cell populations (Lin− HSCs) contain endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) capable of rescuing retinal blood vessels and neuronal networks in the eye. Preferably at least about 20% of the cells in the isolated Lin− HSCs express the cell surface antigen CD31. The isolated Lin− HSC populations are useful for treatment of ocular vascular diseases and to ameliorate cone cell degeneration in the retina. In a preferred embodiment, the Lin− HSCs are isolated by extracting bone marrow from an adult mammal; separating a plurality of monocytes from the bone marrow; labeling the monocytes with biotin-conjugated lineage panel antibodies to one or more lineage surface antigens; removing of monocytes that are positive for the lineage surface antigens from the plurality of monocytes, and recovering a Lin− HSC population containing EPCs. The isolated Lin− HSCs also can be transfected with therapeutically useful genes. The treatment may be enhanced by stimulating proliferation of activated astrocytes in the retina using a laser.

The invention provides a high-resolution reconstruction method for a side-scan sonar image, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a cone cell distribution model through the analysis of the relation between the cone cell density and the human eye retina deviation degree based on the perception characteristics of the human eye retina, and calculating the observed probability of each pixel point target through the distribution model; and finally, a high-quality seabed image is obtained. According to the method, a probability model is constructed for a sonar signal seabed model according to distribution of cone cells, a sonar image is reconstructed, and a high-quality sonar image conforming to human eye characteristics is finally obtained through little whitening in an image area.

Oxidative damage contributes to cone cell death in retinitis pigmentosa and death of rods, cones, and retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells in ocular oxidative stress related diseases including age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. Oral antioxidants may provide modest benefits, but more efficient ways of preventing oxidative damage are needed. Compositions and methods are provided herein for the prevention, amelioration, and / or treatment of early or late stage ocular disease by increasing the expression or activity of one or more peroxidases in cells of the eye, particularly retinal cells, and further optionally increasing the expression or activity of one or more superoxide dismuatases in the same cells.

The present invention provides isolated promoters, transgene expression cassettes, vectors, kits, and methods for treatment of genetic diseases that affect the cone cells of the retina.

The invention provides an imaging device for cone cells. The imaging device comprises an AOSLO (Adaptive Optical Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope), an OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) and an imaging processing device. A light beam entering into cone cells of fundus is processed and returned through OCT and then is subjected to interference treatment with the light beam processed by AOSLO, and a processed interference signal is sent to the imaging processing device for generating a high-precision three-dimensional image, so that the activity of the cone cells of fundus can be observed.

The invention relates to a cone-cell density calculation method based on image identification. The method mainly solves the prior problem that density counting of cone cells is performed manually and an eye-ground adaptive confocal laser scanning ophthalmoscope is used to obtain a visual cone-cell image and after the response frequency of the cone cells is determined, low-pass filtering is used for denoising processing so as to establish a two-valued sequence. A local maximum value corresponding to a non-zero area is searched for so that the central position of the cone cells is found. After automatic identification of the visual cone cells in the image is completed, the number of the cone cells in the image is obtained with the assistance of manual correction and finally the density counting of the cone cells is achieved. When the function which adopts a computer to counting automatically is compared with a manual counting method, the automatic calculation method is accurate, high in statistical speed, high in automation degree, checkable in analysis result and improved in detection efficiency. At the same time, a manual correction function is added so that on the basis of software analysis, error identification can be removed manually and missed cone cells can be added and thus caused result deviation is prevented.

Methods and compositions are provided for intravitreally delivering a polynucleotide to cone photoreceptors. Aspects of the methods include injecting a recombinant adeno-associated virus comprising a polynucleotide of interest into the vitreous of the eye. These methods and compositions find particular use in treating ocular disorders associated with cone dysfunction and / or death.

The invention discloses a method for obtaining retinal tissue rich in cone and rod cells by using human induced pluripotent stem cells. It includes digesting hiPSCs to obtain cell pellets, and then suspending the cell pellets to obtain embryoid bodies; the embryoid bodies are then inoculated into culture dishes pre-coated with Matrigel, and induced to differentiate in the induction medium to obtain neural retina (NR) and RPE; NR and RPE were re-provoked and cultured in suspension to obtain 3D retinal tissue including NR tissue, and then continued to be cultured in suspension in an optimized culture medium without retinoic acid. NR differentiated into all retinal cells, including highly mature photoreceptors cells, Rhodopsin-positive rod cells, L / M OPSIN-positive red-green cone cells and S-OPSIN-positive blue cone cells, especially retinotopic tissues rich in red-green cone and rod cells were obtained.

The present invention provides isolated promoters, transgene expression cassettes, vectors, kits, and methods for treatment of genetic diseases that affect the cone cells of the retina.

The invention discloses a marker for detecting or assisting in detecting retinal cone cells and an application thereof. The present invention provides the application of a substance for detecting whether the RBP4 protein is expressed in the sample to be tested in at least one of the following: a1) identification or auxiliary identification of retinal cone cells; a2) screening or auxiliary screening of retinal cone cells; a3) evaluation or Auxiliary evaluation of retinal cone cells; a4) identification or auxiliary identification of whether the sample to be tested contains retinal cone cells; a5) screening or auxiliary screening of whether the sample to be tested contains retinal cone cells; a6) evaluation or auxiliary evaluation of whether the sample to be tested contains Retinal cone cells; the present invention finds that RBP4 can be used as a marker to identify or assist in the identification of retinal cone cells by constructing and analyzing a cynomolgus monkey retinal cone cell sequencing library and immunofluorescence detection. The above markers can be used to evaluate retinal aging-related diseases such as macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. The invention has important application value.

Provided is an eyewear lens, including a lens substrate and an optical interference coating; the lens substrate is comprised of an optical material, and the optical interference coating is bonded to the lens substrate and is stacked by the composition of high and low reflectivity materials. A predefined reflective appearance color will be formed by light getting through the optical interference coating. The lens substrate contains another filter on one side surface or both side surfaces or inside the lens substrate which is complementary to the light after penetrating the optical interference coating such that the overall transmittance light tone remain neutral balance. The overall transmittance light spectrum has three pass-bands corresponding to the maximum response of the human eye cone cells, and the relatively high transmittance values of each pass-band center are approximately at 450 nm, 530 nm and 610 nm. The FWHM of each pass-band is between 3 nm and 50 nm.

The invention relates to filter dedicated to protect eye cone cells and method associated. The eye cone cells protecting filter is intended to be applied to a transparent surface and to filter incident light for preventing eye cone cells of a user, from damages due to illumination at physiological light levels on the eye of said user, and having spectral characteristics to i) filter light wavelengths between 405 and 465 nanometers, and ii) transmit a filtered light reaching the eye cone cells and having a harmfulness on said eye cone cells under a predefined maximum threshold.

The invention discloses an intraocular display device based on retinal scanning. The device comprises a first flexible substrate on the same side as an eyelid, a second flexible substrate on the sameside as a cornea, a light emitting diode array arranged between the first flexible substrate and the second flexible substrate, a light collimator, an electric control liquid crystal grating used foradjusting the light direction, and a control unit. The light emitting diode array is connected with the light collimator, and the control unit is connected with the light emitting diode array and theelectric control liquid crystal grating and receives and transmits image information and light angle information; the device is worn on the cornea of a human eye, so that exit pupil enlargement and human eye tracking are not needed, and the system complexity is simplified; by matching the number of the light-emitting diodes with the cone cell density, central concave imaging is achieved in an annular scanning mode, and The invention has the advantages that the highest angular resolution of human eyes is met. The total pixel number is reduced, and the time delay and device power consumption forprocessing high-resolution images are reduced. The invention is suitable for the intelligent contact lenses oriented to augmented reality, virtual reality and mixed reality.