The invention relates to a self-adaptive channelized receiving method based on frequency spectrum difference entropy detection, and belongs to the technical field of radar signal reconnaissance and signal detection. For received broadband Chirp signals, narrowband Chirp signals and two-phase coded signals, a channelization structure based on an odd-type multi-phase filter group and an even-type multi-phase filter group is used for carrying out first-level channelization receiving, and smoothing processing, false signal elimination, differential entropy detection, wide and narrow signal judgement and parameter estimation are carried out on frequency spectrum energy of the received signals, so that the number of cross channels, and signal parameters are obtained; channel matching is performed according to the number of cross channels, and a channelization structure with a small number of cross channels is selected; and according to the signal parameters, secondary channelization receiving is carried out, channel combination is carried out on broadband signals, adaptive frequency band subdivision is carried out on the narrowband signals, secondary channel detection is carried out, and effective signals are extracted. The method has the advantages of full-probability receiving, high real-time performance, high detection accuracy, capability of detecting low-signal-to-noise-ratio complex signals and strong noise filtering capability.