180 results about "Particle sampling" patented technology

The present invention concerns a quantitative organic vapor-particle sampler which can efficiently sample both semi-volatile organic gases and particulate components through the use of a unique sorbent resin coating and process. The sampler of the present invention comprises in its broadest aspect a tubular device having an inlet at one end through which organic vapor / particles are introduced, an outlet at the other end through which gases exit, at least one annular denuder interposed there between which is coated on the inside surface of the annulus with a specially prepared resin absorbent, which selectively absorbs organic vapors contained in the gases introduced into the inlet, and a filter which traps and collects particles. The invention further concerns a semi-volatile organic reversible gas sorbent for use in an integrated diffusion vapor-particle sampler comprising macroreticular resin agglomerates of randomly packed microspheres with the continuous porous structure of particles ranging in size between 0.05-10 mum.

The invention discloses a repositioning method for a mobile robot. The repositioning method comprises the following steps: S1, establishing a motion model of the mobile robot, forecasting a posture state of the mobile robot at the current moment t according to a posture state of the mobile robot at the previous moment t-1 and an input control value in the combination of a Monte Carlo positioning method, and obtaining particle sampling distribution of the mobile robot at the moment t; S2, establishing a sensing model of a laser ranging sensor, and calculating a weight value of each particle according to laser ranging sensor information acquired at the moment t; S3, establishing a sensing model of a vision sensor, and calculating a weight value of each particle according to vision sensor information acquired at the moment t; S4, updating the weight values of the particles according to the sensing model of the laser ranging sensor and the sensing model of the vision sensor; and S5, repeating the steps S1 and S4 until the mobile robot is repositioned successfully. According to the repositioning method, the repositioning precision and the speed of the mobile robot are improved.

A sampling system that contains filter components for collecting and concentrating vapor and particles in high-volume flows. The sample is then vaporized and delivered to a detector at a low-volume flow. The invention also has a sampling probe that contains an air-jet to help dislodge particles from surfaces and a heating lamp to help vaporize compounds on surfaces or objects. The sampling system is especially useful for screening for explosives and other illicit chemicals and toxins on people, baggage, cargo, and other objects.

The invention relates to a Gaussian distribution resampling Rao-Blackwellized particle filter based mobile robot simultaneous localization and mapping method. The method comprises the following steps: S1, robot initial pose is estimated according to robot pose and mileometer control information; S2, a scan matching method is executed according to a map; S3, particle sampling is carried out in proposal distribution of trajectory; S4, weight of each particle is calculated and weight of each particle is updated; S5, particle resampling is carried out on the basis of Gaussian distribution: specifically, by sorting particle weight, high-weight particles are dispersed to obtain resampled new particles; and S6, the map is calculated according to robot pose and observation information, and map revision is carried out. By the method, reliable grid map precision can be obtained.

A sampling system that contains filter components for collecting and concentrating vapor and particles in high-volume flows. The sample is then vaporized and delivered to a detector at a low-volume flow. The invention also has a sampling probe that contains an air-jet to help dislodge particles from surfaces and a heating lamp to help vaporize compounds on surfaces or objects. The sampling system is especially useful for screening for explosives and other illicit chemicals and toxins on people, baggage, cargo, and other objects.

Provided is a multi-functional vehicle including: a sampling unit through an external air flows in, the sampling unit having a particle sampling inlet tube and a gas sampling inlet tube; a flow distribution unit for supplying the air flowing in through the particle sampling inlet tube to a particle measuring device; a manifold for supplying the air flowing in through the gas sampling inlet tube to a gas measuring device; a particle measuring device for measuring particles in the air supplied from the flow distribution unit; a gas measuring device for measuring gas in the air supplied from the manifold; an animal exposure chamber system for receiving the air from at least one of the flow distribution unit and the manifold and performing an animal exposure experiment; and a data management unit for storing and monitoring air pollution data measured by the particle measuring device and the gas measuring device.

An apparatus is provided for identifying trace amounts of substances of interest in an air flow. The apparatus includes an inlet for receiving the air flow and an outlet for exhausting major portions of the air flow. The outlet is offset from the inlet. A porous impactor is disposed in alignment with the inlet and is impacted by particles entrained in the air flow. The porous impactor is heated sufficiently to vaporize particles impinging thereon. A detector communicates with the porous impactor and is operative for identifying substances of interest in the vaporized particles.

This invention describes a sample collection method that could release and collect residues of explosives and other chemicals from a surface; the described method is implemented into a compact detection system that can be used as a “wand” for screening chemicals residues on a subject. The wand configuration includes multi-function for sampling and detecting multiple threads. The invention further describes a method of inspecting a subject using an interrogating apparatus in a sweeping motion; the near range closed loop particle sampling arrangement allows effective collection of particle and vapor residues from a targeted surface. The invention also describes a sampling and detecting apparatus for on-the-fly threat detection using compact ion mobility based detectors.

An air sampler is designed for a predetermined flow rate. The air flow is admitted to at least two impactors operating in parallel. Preferably the inlet nozzles and the outlet orifices of each impactor are sized to achieve predetermined cut-off sizes of particles; preferably the composite curve of all the impactors will mimic a predetermined particle sampling efficiency curve.

The invention discloses a partial flow equivalently-dynamic diluting and sampling system for diesel engine exhaust particles and a control method, belonging to the technical field of engine emission tests. The partial flow equivalently-dynamic diluting and sampling system is used for splitting the flow of engine exhaust with a constant ratio and introducing the engine exhaust in a diluting air duct by virtue of a flow-splitting and diluting pipeline with closed-loop feedback control, mixing the engine exhaust with clean air to form uniform diluted exhaust gas, introducing the diluted exhaust gas with a constant ratio in a sampling channel filter paper retainer by virtue of a particle sampling pipeline with closed-loop feedback control, collecting the exhaust particles by sampling filter paper placed in the retainer, and then detecting the emission level and the constituents of the diesel engine particles; the partial flow equivalently-dynamic diluting and sampling system can realize two-way transmission for data by an upper computer and a lower computer via an RS232 serial port communication protocol and a customized data format; and compared with the existing test system for diesel engine exhaust particles, the system has no need of a mass flow meter and an exhaust concentration analyser, and has the advantages of being high in control accuracy and low in test and maintenance costs.

An aquatic particle sampling and collection apparatus comprising a tube within a tube cylindrical collection system wherein an inner tube is housed within an outer tube wherein the outer tube has a front end that is flared in a frustum shape to collect water. The inner tube defines an open chamber lined with a net or other collection apparatus which concludes with a conical cod end. An axial flow pump is situated within the collection system to facilitate the movement of water through the system thereby drawing particles in to be collected. The apparatus is paired with a subsea vehicle that allows for controlled collection and sampling. In various embodiments, the apparatus can be used to collect both bio particles such as plankton and non-bio particles such as plastics from the ocean. Where sampling is desired, the apparatus may include a disk after the conical cod end upon which the samples are collected.

Provided herein are methods and devices that allow for efficient management of many different sampling locations within a facility. A method for operating a biological sampler, a particle counter, and like air sampling, analysis, and / or monitoring equipment or instrumentation is described, such as by sampling an environment at a sampling position with the biological sampler and storing sample data and other useful information in memory in association with unique identifier(s) including sampling location(s) for the samples. Also provided are associated devices for carrying out the methods.

A personal nanoparticle sampler is disclosed to include a pre-classifier, a nozzle, a particle-sizing filter pack and a final filter pack. The particle-sizing filter pack and the final filter pack respectively accommodate a particle-sizing filter and a final filter to collect nanoparticles smaller than a diameter. The pre-classifier removes large particles to avoid clogging of the particle-sizing filter pack. The nozzle raises the airflow velocity to reduce the cut-off diameter of the particle-sizing filter without increasing the total flowrate, allowing the personal nanoparticle sampler to be used with a personal sampling pump.

A method and system for monitoring a gas turbine engine (20) to predict maintenance requirements. Particles suspended in a gas flow (24, 32) of the engine (20) are monitored and quantified to predict a particle accumulation rate. Monitoring may be done using particle flow sensors (61-63) in a diverted portion (33) of the working gas flow (24), such as in the cooling gas flow (32). Particle sampling (S1-S3) may be done to determine particle size and composition distributions. Particle mass flow rates may then be continuously monitored per engine operating condition, and compared to predetermined values such as a normal upper limit per engine operating condition. An integrated particle mass flow may be used in conjunction with an instantaneous mass flow rate to predict a maintenance requirement. Multiple locations (L1-L3) may be monitored to recognize a maintenance requirement by flow section or component.

An air sampler is designed for a predetermined flow rate. The air flow is admitted to at least two impactors operating in parallel. Preferably the inlet nozzles and the outlet orifices of each impactor are sized to achieve predetermined cut-off sizes of particles; preferably the composite curve of all the impactors will mimic a predetermined particle sampling efficiency curve.

The invention discloses an autonomous navigation method of an AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle) based on a FastSLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) algorithm. The autonomous navigation method comprises the steps that 1) the AUV acquires initial pose and position information through the GPS and a navigation sensor on the water surface; 2) predicting the pose and position and an environmental road sign of the AUV by adopting unscented particle filtering according to latest control variables inputted into the AUV and observation variables of the sensor; 3) generating a proposal distribution function for parameter adaptive adjustment by adopting fading adaptive unscented particle filtering, and sampling in the proposal distribution function; 4) associating the latest observation environment information according to each particle, and updating estimation for each characteristic by adopting unscented Kalman filtering; 5) performing resampling on a particle set by adopting an adaptive partial system resampling method; and 6) performing AUV positioning and map building. The autonomous navigation method can improve the particle sampling efficiency of the Unscented FastSLAM algorithm and reduce the degradation degree of the particles through improving the proposal distribution function and the resampling process of the Unscented FastSLAM algorithm, thereby enabling the consistency of AUV pose and position estimation and the accuracy of autonomous navigation to be greatly improved.

Provided herein are systems and methods allowing for automated sampling and / or analysis of controlled environments, for example, to determine the presence, quantity, size, concentration, viability, species or characteristics of particles within the environment. The described systems and methods may utilize robotics or automation or remove some or all of the collection or analysis steps that are traditionally performed by human operators. The methods and systems described herein are versatile and may be used with known particle sampling and analysis techniques and particle detection devices including, for example, optical particle counters, impingers and impactors.

The invention discloses a six-channel air particle sampling device. The sampling device adopts a dividing device to divide collected TSP particles into six parts according to isotropy, six paths of air can be any combination of a straight pipe, PM10 and PM10 cutter to PM2.5 cutter, the obtained particles can be any combination of TSP, PM10 and PM2.5, and the six paths of air can be connected with the air pumping end of a sampling pump by virtue of a flow rate control device after being filtered by a filter membrane and discharged by virtue of the filter. The six-channel air particle sampling device is small in size, light in weight and convenient to move and maintain; by utilizing the characteristic that the sampling flow of a middle-flow cutter is equal to that of a small-flow cutter, the homologous parallel sampling is actually realized, the adopted cutters are the standard cutters, the multi-circuit TSP, PM10 or (and) PM2.5 homologous parallel sampling is realized by utilizing one TSP cutter, and six groups of parallel sampling can be realized at most.

The invention relates to an ion transferring mass analyzer for measuring gasoloid in spot, including a gasoloid particle sampling instrument, evapouration chamber and ion transferring mass analyzer, characterized by that the evapouration chamber is located on the right of the third-level striking type gasoloid particle sampling instrument, and the evapouration chamber is connected to the ion transferring mass analyzer with sphere switch. The invention can be used to monitor the gasoloid continuously.

The invention provides devices and methods for sampling, detecting and / or characterizing particles. Devices and methods of the invention, including particle samplers, impactors and counters, include a filter component for removing particles in the exhaust flow of the device, for example, to eliminate or minimize the potential for the device itself to provide source of particles in an environment undergoing particle monitoring. This aspect of the present devices and methods is particularly useful for monitoring particles in manufacturing environments requiring low levels of particles, such as cleanroom environments for electronics manufacturing and aseptic environments for manufacturing pharmaceutical and biological products.

The invention discloses enriching and detecting equipment for particles. The equipment comprises a sampling chamber body; the sampling chamber body comprises a sampling chamber; a sampling filter membrane is arranged in the sampling chamber, and is used for dividing the sampling chamber into an air inlet chamber and an air outlet chamber; the air inlet chamber is provided with an air inlet, and the air outlet chamber is provided with an air outlet; a detecting device is also arranged in the sampling chamber; a detecting window of the detecting device is communicated with the are inlet chamber and / or the air outlet chamber, so that the particles enriched on the sampling filter membrane are detected and analyzed. According to the enriching and detecting equipment for particles of the invention embodiment, by arranging the sampling filter membrane and the detecting device in the sampling chamber, the enrichment and detection of the particles can be realized simultaneously; problems that particle sampling and enriching are separated, and real-time detection is impossible are solved; errors caused by the movement of the sampling filter membrane are eliminated; and the equipment can be applied in on-line monitoring of particles in gas.

The invention discloses a particle filtering-based method of reconstructing static PET images, which comprises the steps of: (1) establishing a state space equation; (2) subjecting voxels to particle sampling; (3) computing a particle weight; (4) resampling the particles; (5) computing a particle concentration truth value and a particle weight truth value; and (6) computing a to-be-estimated concentration value of each voxel. By combining the particle filtering through a state space, the data statistic features and physiological property of PET are joined up to reconstruct a PET image, thereby the resolution and acutance of the image are improved, the true PET image is well restored, at the same time, a data model of noise in the PET is defined as Poisson distribution but not Gaussian distribution, which is more suitable for the actual condition of PET scanning, therefore, noises in the reconstruction process are more effectively filtered and optimized, and obtained reconstruction results are more approximate to the actual conditions of PET compared with that obtained by ML-EM (Maximum-Likelihood and Expectation-Maximization), FBP (Filtered Back Projection) and other conventional reconstruction methods, and the reconstruction effect is more excellent.

The invention discloses a particle collection and detection system including a fixed base frame and a barometric pressure drive which are arranged in an automatic granulation machine drum, the fixed base frame is provided with a supporting shaft, the supporting shaft is provided with a box body fixing frame, the box body fixing frame is provided with at least one mining lighting box, the supporting shaft is provided with a sampling handle, the position of the sampling handle is corresponding to that of the mining lighting box, the sampling handle is welded with a sample guiding tube, the sampling handle and the sample guiding tube are driven to move by rotation of the supporting shaft for realization of particle sampling, the mining lighting box is provided with a particle collection device camera and a particle cleaning device. The barometric pressure drive is used as a power source to drive the sampling handle to collect particles, the particles are sent onto a detecting platform by the sample guiding tube, after a particle image is collected by the particle collection device camera, the particles are left the detecting platform and returned to the drum by the particle cleaning device, and the particle collection and detection system has the advantages of compact structure and simple composition, and can be quick and convenient in detection of size and shape features of the particles in the granulation machine drum.

The embodiment of the invention provides a micron-scale metal particle ignition and combustion testing device. The micron-scale metal particle ignition and combustion testing device comprises a metal particle dispersing device, a powder supply thin tube, a high-temperature fuel gas ignition system, an observation system and a particle sampling device, wherein the metal particle dispersing device is positioned under the high-temperature fuel gas ignition system and is connected with the high-temperature fuel gas ignition system through the powder supply thin tube; the observation system is arranged above the high-temperature fuel gas ignition system; the particle sampling device moves above the high-temperature fuel gas ignition system so as to realize sampling. According to the micron-scale metal particle ignition and combustion testing device provided by the invention, a single micron-scale metal particle ignition and combustion state can be directly obtained, meanwhile, a metal particle ignition and combustion environment created by planar flame furnace is closer to an ignition and combustion environment of actual metal particles, and an engineering application value of obtained testing data is high.

The invention provides an infrared human target tracking system based on a particle dynamic sampling model. The system includes a thermal infrared imager, an image collection device, a CPU and a video display device. The image collection device collects and transmits the video data flow of the thermal infrared imager to the CPU; the CPU combines the infrared video data into a continuous image sequence and carries out tracking on the image sequence. A tracking method is realized by random particle sampling and transfer control, which includes: taking an individual target as an object, regenerating a random sampling particle according to the observing particles of each target and removing the redundant particles according to the set judging rule of an ineffective sampling particle; carrying out state judging on the targets in a tracking pool; the tracking result processed by the CPU is fed into the video display device to carry out display; the technology facing to the object is adopted to carry out sealing on the complex target states of the human; the problem that the traditional tracking method can not realize the reliable tracking to the human target in the infrared image sequence is overcome.

The invention claims an adaptive Monte-Carnot positioning method incorporating two-dimensional code information. The method comprises the steps of: S1, establishing a motion model by using absolute position information provided by the two-dimensional code and a control amount u<t> of an odometer; S2, performing particle sampling according to the established motion model, and estimating an initialpose of a robot; S3, using a two-dimensional laser sensor for ranging to establish an observation model; S4, determining the importance weight of each particle and updating the weight; S5, adaptivelyadjusting the number of particles required for the next iteration according to the distribution of the particles in a state space; and S6, determining the position of the robot in the environment according to the distribution of the particles. The adaptive Monte-Carnot positioning method incorporating the two-dimensional code information can accurately position the robot in the environment and reduce the calculation amount.