The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to methods of formulating a
personal care product (e.g. sunscreen) composition that is stable when exposed to high and / or low temperatures for extended periods and that applies clear to wet
skin and remains clear. A method may comprise, for example, combining a discontinuous
oil phase with an emulsifying compound and one or more UV filters to form an
oil phase mixture; heating and mixing the
oil phase mixture; dispersing one or more non-emulsifying grade carbomer polymers in a continuous water phase to form a water phase mixture; combining and mixing the oil phase mixture and the water phase mixture to form a pre-
emulsion; adding a neutralizing base to form a
personal care product
emulsion; adding water (e.g., to replace water lost during
processing); and mixing the
emulsion to form a homogenous composition. The present disclosure relates, in some embodiments, to compositions (e.g., stable compositions) for topical application to
human skin (e.g., that are non-whitening when applied to wet
skin). A composition may comprise, for example, a continuous water phase, a discontinuous oil phase dispersed in said continuous water phase, an emulsifying compound that from 0% to 1% by weight of the composition, a complete absence of any other emulsifying compound, a stabilizing, and non-whitening amount of one or more non-emulsifying grade carbomer polymers selected from the group carbomer
copolymer, carbomer interpolymer, and carbomer homopolymer.