272 results about "Bicarbonate Ion" patented technology

A process and an apparatus are described for treating seven types of saline waters each having a concentration of total dissolved solids exceeding 1 g / L, wherein the concentration of total dissolved solids, the ratio of the chloride ion concentration to the bicarbonate ion concentration and the ratio of the chloride ion concentration to the sulphate ion concentration of each of the water types are as indicated in Table 1. The process includes the steps of contacting the water with a first reagent comprising a source of calcium ions selected from calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide to form a first solid product which is recovered. The process includes a further step of subjecting at least a portion of the partially processed water to at least partial evaporation so as to promote the formation of a precipitate and a mother liquor. The precipitate is recovered as a second product.

Fresh or stockpiled cement kiln dust is moistened with sufficient water so that the amount of total free and combined water relative to dust is about 3 parts water to 1 part dust by mass, or less. The wet solids are treated with carbon dioxide to convert compounds, such as calcium hydroxide, to carbonates, such as calcium carbonate. The degree of carbonation is controlled so that the solubility of calcium becomes minimum for the dust being treated; this is also when hydroxyl and bicarbonate ions in solution are about at their minima. As the carbonation reactions occur, the water combined in hydroxides is released as free water so that the mixture becomes a slurry and the potentially soluble alkalies and sulfate (and any chlorides present) are released to the liquid phase. The solids are separated from the liquid, and the solids, which may be washed, provide a material suitable for return as feed to the kiln. The liquid, which contains the dissolved alkali compounds, is recycled to reclaim additional dust or treated to recover alkali salts when the alkali salts are sufficiently concentrated.While any source of carbon dioxide may be used, the preferred source is exit gases from the kiln. The gases are conditioned by condensation of water and removal of ammonium compounds, such as sulfate and chloride. The conditioning condensate may be treated to recover useful byproduct salts.

The invention relates to the agricultural field, in particular to an improvement method for saline-alkali soil. The improvement method for the saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps: sprinkling 10 to 50 kilograms of aluminum sulfate powders on the surface of the saline-alkali soil evenly; irrigating the soil with the aluminum sulfate powders and soaking the soil with the aluminum sulfate powders for 1 hour to 72 hours; compounding polyacrylamide with a dosage which is 5% to 20% of the dosage of the aluminum sulfate powders into a solution, wherein the mass concentration of the solution is no more than 0.5%; evenly spraying the compounded solution onto the water layer, and continuing to soak the soil with the aluminum sulfate powders for 8 hours to 24 hours; draining the water in the saline-alkali soil; and applying organic fertilizer and biological bacterial fertilizer to the saline-alkali soil. The improvement method for the saline-alkali soil can improve the sodium ions, the carbonate ions and the bicarbonate radical ions in the soil, so that the potential of hydrogen (pH) value of the solution of the soil can be reduced. The aluminum sulfate is increased, so that the soluble salts released by the soil particles are also increased, so that the salt materials in the soil can be reduced remarkably. Due to the fact that the macromolecule polyacrylamide is added, the soil can congeal into bigger particles like pea grains, so that permeability and water and fertilizer preserving capability of the soil can be improved.

The invention discloses a desulfurization waste water zero discharge processing system and a processing method. The desulfurization waste water zero discharge processing system comprises a regulation sedimentation basin, triple connecting tanks, a defecator and a nanofilter which are connected in sequence, wherein the concentrated water outlet end of the nanofilter is connected with a mistorizer which sprays the concentrated water into a chimney flue; the triple connecting tanks include a neutralization tank, a reaction tank and a flocculation tank which are connected in sequence, wherein the neutralization tank is communicated with the water outlet of the regulation sedimentation basin, and is used for adjusting the pH value of desulfurization waste water, so that bicarbonate ions in the desulfurization waste water are removed; the reaction tank provides a reaction chamber for removing calcium ions in the desulfurization waste water; the flocculation tank is connected with the defecator. The desulfurization waste water zero discharge processing system and the processing method have the advantages of saving the cost of the agent for removing magnesium ions in the desulfurization waste water, reducing the quantity of sludge, lowering the operating cost, using no lime milk and improving the site working conditions. The sodium chloride salt in the waste water is purified and then crystallized, thus the recycle of the sodium chloride salt in the desulfurization waste water is achieved, the solid waste disposal cost is reduced, and certain economic benefits are produced.

In order to reduce incoming atmospheric carbon dioxide levels in compressed air prior to cryogenic distillation, a water spray cooling tower equipped with biocatalytic packing, or fed with absorptive reagents, is used to convert gaseous carbon dioxide into bicarbonate ions which dissolve in the cooling water. The hydration reaction and refrigeration occur synergistically. The bicarbonate ions are subsequently removed from the solution using the heat from the compressed air in a regenerator re-boiler unit, and then fed to a percolation cooling tower for releasing CO2 and cooling.

A packaged ocular irrigating solution bag, which comprises a gas-permeable plastic multiple compartment bag and a gas-impermeable plastic packaging member for packaging the bag and in which an oxiglutatione-containing solution or solid preparation is enclosed in one compartment and a bicarbonate ion solution is enclosed in another compartment and the space between the bag and the packaging member has a carbon dioxide gas atmosphere.

The invention discloses a method for measuring the bicarbonate ion utilizing capability of a plant. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) respectively measuring stable carbon isotope compositions, i.e. delta 13C values of leaves of a plant to be studied and a reference plant; (2) measuring the stable carbon isotope composition, i.e. delta 13C value of microalgae; (3) substituting the delta 13C value of the leaves of the plant to be studied, the delta 13C value of the leaves of the reference plant and the delta 13C value of the microalgae into a two-end-member model and calculating the proportional share of bicarbonate ions utilized by the plant to be studied in an inorganic carbon source; (4) measuring the net photosynthetic rate of the leaves of the plant to be studied; and (5) deriving the bicarbonate ion utilizing capability of the plant to be studied according to the net photosynthetic rate of the leaves of the plant to be studied and the proportional share of the bicarbonate ions utilized by the plant to be studied in the inorganic carbon source. The invention can be used for quantitatively measuring the bicarbonate ion utilizing capability of the plant with less plant materials and less steps and simple calculation.

An organic acid is produced by allowing a bacterium which has an ability to produce an organic acid and has been modified so that expression of yidE gene is enhanced, or a product obtained by processing the bacterium, to act on an organic raw material in a reaction mixture containing carbonate ions, bicarbonate ions, or carbon dioxide gas to produce the organic acid, and collecting the organic acid.

A composition useful for making gelled fluids by crosslinking hydratable polymers is an aqueous solution of zirconium complexed with carbonate and bicarbonate as the only multidentate ligands complexed with zirconium. The composition also provides pH modifying capability and the crosslinking is delayed, so that the single composition replaces several liquid additives previously necessary for generation of fluids used, for example, in hydraulic fracturing.