The invention relates to the technical field of screw air compressor energy saving, in particular to an efficient energy-saving dual-stage screw air compressor control system. The efficient energy-saving dual-stage screw air compressor control system comprises a frequency changer, air compressor main machines, a motor, two temperature sensors, two pressure control devices, a controller, an oil-gasseparator and a heat exchanger; a first-stage main machine exhaust port temperature sensor is used for protecting an oil way system and the running condition of the first-stage main machine, a second-stage main machine exhaust port temperature sensor is used for protecting the whole temperature and running condition of the system, a first-stage main machine exhaust port pressure control device isused for controlling the middle pressure between the two stages of main machines, the main machine system is maintained at the best efficiency point, a second-stage main machine exhaust port pressurecontrol device is used for controlling the exhaust pressure of the system, the rotating speed of the frequency changer is controlled, and the appropriate gas yield is adjusted. The efficient energy-saving dual-stage screw air compressor control system has the beneficial effects that the problem about the temperature of two stages of compressors is solved, and the energy-saving efficiency of the two stages of compressors is improved.