The invention discloses an inspection system for a transformer substation. The inspection system comprises an infrared detection system and an inspection robot, wherein the infrared detection system performs real-time temperature acquisition and monitoring on a transformer, a mutual inductor equipment body, a switch contact and a bus connector, and carries out intelligent analysis and diagnosis on the equipment temperature data by means of temperature rise analysis, temperature rise comparison of same type or three-phase equipment, historical trend analysis and the like, so as to realize determination and automatic warning for equipment failure; and the inspection robot controls the infrared detection system through mode recognition, including processes of recognizing equipment needing temperature detection firstly, and then performing highest temperature detection. By adoption of the inspection system for the transformer substation, fully automatic, local or remote control modes are adopted to replace or assist a manual mode to perform inspection, including equipment temperature, instrument and the like; and the inspection system has the characteristics of diversified detection modes, intelligence, standard inspection operation, high objectivity and the like.