The invention discloses an underwater towed system for near-shore seabed habitat observation. The system comprises a mother ship and an underwater towed device, wherein an underwater high-definition camera, an underwater LED light source, an underwater DC power, a methane sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a particle size instrument and so on are installed on the underwater towed device, the underwater towed device comprises a towed body frame, tail boards and a towed board, the tail boards are symmetrically arranged at two sides of an upper layer of frame, a connection board is arranged between two tail boards so as to make the connection firmer, the tail boards makes towing more stable so as to guarantee video imaging effect, the towed board is arranged in the middle in front of the upper layer of frame, the towed board is provided with multiple adjusting holes, the towed board is connected with the mother ship through an armored cable, the position of the towed position of the towed board is adjustable, so that the towed board is suitable for different work conditions, and the mother ship proceeds so as to perform the towing operation. The system carriesthe high-definition camera and various sensors, thereby being capable of monitoring multiple physical quantities once, and monitoring various near-shore environment factors all round.