A large immersion type ring polishing machine mainly comprises a marble polishing disc, a large liquid storage groove, a polishing solution storage tank, a magnetic stirrer, an electric pump, a polishing solution filtering device, a spraying nozzle device and the like. The magnetic stirrer is arranged in the polishing solution storage tank and performs continuous stirring. The polishing solution filtering device adopts a multilayer filtering film type filtering device and can perform multilayer grading filtering according to needs. By means of the large immersion type ring polishing machine, immersion type polishing processing of the large immersion type ring polishing machine is achieved, temperature balance performance is good, polishing surface shape errors caused by uneven polishing temperature are reduced, surface shape precision and surface roughness of a large-caliber plane optical element are improved, and surface defects of elements can be effectively controlled. Furthermore, the immersion type ring polishing machine adopts a mode of cyclic utilization of polishing solution, so that consume of the polishing solution can be greatly reduced, and processing cost is reduced.