1480 results about "Paragraph" patented technology

A system for internet navigation using soft hyperlinks is disclosed, in connection with an illustrative information retrieval system with which it may be used. The navigation tool provides freedom to move through a collection of electronic documents independent of any hyperlink which has been inserted within an HTML page. A user can click on any term in a document page, not only those that are hyperlinked. For example, when a user clicks on an initial word within the document, the disclosed system employs a search engine in the background to retrieve a list of related terms. In an illustrative embodiment, a compass-like display appears with pointers indicating the first four terms returned by the search engine. These returned terms have the highest degree of correlation with the initial search term in a lexical knowledge base that the search engine constructs automatically. The disclosed system allows the user to move from the current document to one of a number of document lists which cover different associations between the initial word clicked on by the user and other terms extracted from within the retrieved list of related terms. The disclosed system may further allow the user to move to a document that is considered most related to the initial word clicked on by the user, or to a list of documents that are relevant to a phrase or paragraph selection indicated by the user within the current page.

A method for transliteration includes receiving input such as a word, a sentence, a phrase, and a paragraph, in a source language, creating source language sub-phonetic units for the word and converting the source language sub-phonetic units for the word to target language sub-phonetic units, retrieving ranking for each of the target language sub-phonetic units from a database and creating target language words for the word in the source language based on the target language sub-phonetic units and ranking of the each of the target language sub-phonetic units. The method further includes identifying candidate target language words based predefined criteria, and displaying candidate target language words.

A method and system identifying the language of a textual passage is disclosed. The method and system includes parsing the textual passage into n-grams and assigning an initial weight to each n-gram, and adjusting the weight initially assigned to a word or n-gram parsed from the textual passage. The initially assigned weight is adjusted in a manner proportionate to the inverse of the number of languages within which such words or n-grams appear. Reducing the weight assigned to such words or n-grams diminishes—without completely eliminating—their importance in comparison to other words or n-grams parsed from the same textual passage when determining the language of a passage. The method and system of the present invention appropriately weighs the short words or n-grams common to multiple languages without affecting the short words or n-grams that are uncommon to several languages.

A computer program for execution on a computing device is provided to cross-train students in language development skills such as letter-word correspondence, word recognition, vocabulary, and sentence and paragraph comprehension. A set of programs provide an adaptive methodology for training a student in decoding (semantic, syntactic, phonological, and morphological relationships), knowledge of rhymes, synonyms, antonyms, and homophones, spelling, letter-word correspondences, sentence comprehension, grammatical comprehension, working memory, vocabulary, paragraph comprehension, and improved reading comprehension. In each program, students are presented with an animated scene that poses a question, and a set of answers. The set of answers contain a correct response, and a number of incorrect responses or foils. The student advances to more complex levels by satisfying predetermined correct thresholds. Through repetition and intensity, the student's language skills are developed.

The present invention increases precision and recall of search engines, while decreasing hardware resources needed, using musical rhythmic analysis to detect sentiment and emotion, using poetic and metaphoric resonances with dictionary meanings, to annotate, distinguish and summarize n-grams of word meanings, then intersecting n-grams to locate mutually salient sentences, using metaphor salience analysis to cluster sentences and paragraphs into automatically named concepts, automatically characterizing quality and depth to which documents describe concepts, using editorial metrics of compassion, variety of perspectives and logical cohesion, to automatically set pricing for written works and their copyrights, and to monitor blogs and social media for newly important concepts, and provide advanced user interfaces.

A speech recognition system and method operates a speech recognition application on a computer in a continuous dictation mode. A separate key pad is coupled to the computer through the USB port, and includes a plurality of keys for providing command signals representative of a desired computer operation command which override the dictation mode of the speech recognition application whenever such a command is operated. This allows the user to insert commands, such as punctuation, numerals, “next line”, “next paragraph”, and the like, directly from the key pad while maintaining operation of the voice recognition application in its continuous dictation mode.

A method and system identifying the language of a textual passage is disclosed. The method and system includes parsing the textual passage into n-grams and assigning an initial weight to each n-gram, and adjusting the weight initially assigned to a word or n-gram parsed from the textual passage. The initially assigned weight is adjusted in a manner proportionate to the inverse of the number of languages within which such words or n-grams appear. Reducing the weight assigned to such words or n-grams diminishes—without completely eliminating—their importance in comparison to other words or n-grams parsed from the same textual passage when determining the language of a passage. The method and system of the present invention appropriately weighs the short words or n-grams common to multiple languages without affecting the short words or n-grams that are uncommon to several languages.

An Information highlighting facility assists the user in evaluating relevance of accessed documents to the user's information need. The accessed documents may, for example, be identified by a search engine in response to a user query. When accessing documents identified as relevant by a search engine from other networked computers, the facility provides information highlighting to assist the user in determining whether the document is relevant. A model of the user's interest, which may include an augmented set of search terms is used to take into account the general interest of the user as captured by an interest profile and context of use of the computer by the user, or a combination thereof. The model of the user's interest is applied to the document text as the document is accessed from its source. The highlighting of information about the document content may include highlighting of the terminology in the text, scrolling of the document to the relevant passages, identification of entity names and entity relations, creation of a document summary and a document thumbnail, etc. In addition, the model can be applied to a set of documents accessed by the user, e.g., to re-rank the top scoring documents from the result set provided to the user by a search engine or some other information providing services.

An “Interactive Word Lattice” provides a user interface for interacting with and selecting user-modifiable paths through a lattice-based representation of alternative suggested text segments in response to a user's text segment input, such as phrases, sentences, paragraphs, entire documents, etc. More specifically, the user input is provided to a trained paraphrase generation model that returns a plurality of alternative text segments having the same or similar meaning as the original user input. An interactive graphical lattice-based representation of the alternative text segments is then presented to the user. One or more words of each alternative text segment represents a “node” of the lattice, while each connection between nodes represents a lattice “edge. Both nodes and edges are user modifiable. Each possible path through the lattice corresponds to a different alternative text segment. Users select a path through the lattice to select an alternative text to the original input.

Methods, systems, computer program products, and methods of doing business by adapting audio renderings of non-audio messages (for example, e-mail messages that are processed by a text-to-speech translator) to reflect various nuances of the non-audio information. Audio cues are provided for this purpose, which are sounds that are “mixed” in with the audio rendering as a separate (background) audio stream. Audio cues may reflect information such as the topical structure of a text file, or changes in paragraphs. Or, audio cues may be used to signal nuances such as changes in the color or font of the source text. Audio cues may also be advantageously used to reflect information about the translation process with which the audio rendering of a text file was created, such as using varying background tones to convey the degree of certainty in the accuracy of translating text to audio using a text-to-speech translation system, or of translating audio to text using a voice recognition system, or of translating between languages, and so forth. Stylesheets, such as those encoded in the Extensible Stylesheet Language (“XSL”), may optionally be used to customize the audio cues. For example, a user-specific stylesheet customization may be performed to override system-wide default audio cues for a particular user, enabling her to hear a different background sound for messages on a particular topic than other users will hear.

A data analysis system with dynamic information extraction and self-organizing evidence construction finds numerous applications in information gathering and analysis, including the extraction of targeted information from voluminous textual resources. One disclosed method involves matching text with a concept map to identify evidence relations, and organizing the evidence relations into one or more evidence structures that represent the ways in which the concept map is instantiated in the evidence relations. The text may be contained in one or more documents in electronic form, and the documents may be indexed on a paragraph level of granularity. The evidence relations may self-organize into the evidence structures, with feedback provided to the user to guide the identification of evidence relations and their self-organization into evidence structures. A method of extracting information from one or more documents in electronic form includes the steps of clustering the document into clustered text; identifying patterns in the clustered text; and matching the patterns with the concept map to identify evidence relations such that the evidence relations self-organize into evidence structures that represent the ways in which the concept map is instantiated in the evidence relations.

A method and system for automated knowledge extraction and organization, which uses information retrieval services to identify text documents related to a specific topic, to identify and extract trends and patterns from the identified documents, and to transform those trends and patterns into an understandable, useful and organized information resource. An information extraction engine extracts concepts and associated text passages from the identified text documents. A clustering engine organizes the most significant concepts in a hierarchical taxonomy. A hypertext knowledge base generator generates a knowledge base by organizing the extracted concepts and associated text passages according to the hierarchical taxonomy.

The present invention automates the publishing of financial, legal, and governmental documents and any other publications that are structured and require compliance with corporate or external standards and may share content elements. It gives users control in an always-on, familiar environment: the Internet. Due to its virtual document architecture and ability to operate over the Internet and intranets, the system facilitates collaborative work and traces accountability. The key concept behind automating publishing is to control scheduling and costs by better content management. The present invention handles document content as small, reusable components, down to the paragraph and table cell level. The interface helps users assemble documents from these version-controlled components with automated support. The system applies context and filtering criteria stored with each component to locate and apply content fragments to a current document. The system of the present invention can apply structural rules and content requirements to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements and company business rules. A working virtual document within the system always incorporates the current version of all constituent elements.

A system and method for delivering highly customized, natural-sounding / appearing audio and / or visual content to existing player devices, including but not restricted to wired and wireless voicemail, sound-enabled PCs, and portable MP3 or DVD players. Subscribers register with existing content providers to receive alerts and information on topics they care about (e.g., portfolio updates, financial news, sports). If a user selects the audio and / or visual delivery option, the content provider passes his or her registration and preference information to the system. The content providers then pass news information to the system, which converts it to audio and / or visuals in one of two ways. For short, formulaic messages, the system concatenates spoken phrases and clauses previously recorded by human talent and stored in a multimedia library database, to create natural-seeming audio and / or visual sequences. For longer messages, the system uses human abilities entirely—i.e., a human reader records a complete text and inputs audio and / or visual files to the system. Turnaround time in both cases is minimal, and quality is high. The system then organizes customized audio and / or visual news deliveries in accordance with user preference information and customizable playlist rules, which order the selected news information by vertical, subject, paragraph, sentence, or other dimension(s). Customized news packages are then delivered as audio and / or visuals to the listeners' player devices.

A system and method for generating secondary advertising content for presentation on a user interface of a device in association with primary publishing content. The system and method comprise a queue for receiving the primary content including a plurality of identifiable textual elements for analysis as candidates to associate with the secondary content. The plurality of identifiable textual elements are distributed in a number of defined regions of the primary content such as paragraphs. The system and method also have a content analyzer module configured for accessing the primary content and for performing a contextual analysis of the plurality of identifiable textual elements. The analysis includes determining for each of the number of defined regions those key elements from the identifiable textual elements that match element entries in at least one key element list. The analysis further includes determining a density of the matched key elements from a specified region of the number of defined regions. The system and method further include a threshold module for determining if the density exceeds a predefined density threshold for a category including a predefined list of category elements, where at least some of matched key elements being included in the list of category elements. The category is linked to the secondary content. The system and method further include an instruction module configured for generating an association instruction for linking the secondary content to at least one of the matched key elements associated with the category. The secondary content is made available to the device for presentation on the user interface in relation to the primary content through use of the association instruction.

A system and method for constructing a document redundancy graph with respect to a document set. The redundancy graph can be constructed with a node for each paragraph associated with the document set such that each node in the redundancy graph represents a unique cluster of information. The nodes can be linked in an order with respect to the information provided in the document set and bundles of redundant information from the document set can be mapped to individual nodes. A data structure (e.g., a hash table) of a paragraph identifier associated with a probability value can be constructed for eliminating inconsistencies with respect to node redundancy. Additionally, a sequence of unique nodes can also be integrated into the graph construction process. The nodes can be connected to the paragraphs associated with the document set via a hyperlink and / or via a label with respect to each node.

A question answering system includes an answer candidate extraction unit, a query generation unit, a passage search unit, an answer candidate inspection unit and an answer output unit. The answer candidate extraction unit executes a search process based on an input question to extract a plurality of initial answer candidates. The query generation unit generates a query including at least two of the initial answer candidates as search words. The passage search unit executes a search process based on the query to extract a hit sentence corresponding to the query. The answer candidate inspection unit analyzes the hit sentence to inspect a relationship between the initial answer candidates and generates answer candidates to the input question on a basis of an inspection result. The answer output unit outputs the answer candidates generated by the answer candidate inspection unit.

A text summarizer detects the hierarchical structure of topics in a document and extracts boundary sentences corresponding to the turning point of a topic from a candidate section of a topic boundary using the relation degree between a sentence and a topic passage. Then, the text summarizer extracts topic introductory sentences serving the purpose of introducing a topic from the introductory part of the topic beginning with this boundary sentence, and generates a summary using both the boundary sentences and topic introductory sentences.

A method and program product to generate summaries for text documents. A user can also specify a query, topic, and terms that he / she is interested in. This method determines the importance of each sentence by using the linguistic salience of the word to the user profile, the similarity among the word, the query and topic provided by a user and the sum of scores of the sentence comprising the word. After computing the score for each word, this method computes the score for each sentence in the set of sentences according to the score of words composing it and the position of the sentence in a section and a paragraph.

A computer-implemented method of gathering large quantities of training data from case law documents (especially suitable for use as input to a learning algorithm that is used in a subsequent process of recognizing and distinguishing fact passages and discussion passages in additional case law documents) has steps of: partitioning text in the documents by headings in the documents, comparing the headings in the documents to fact headings in a fact heading list and to discussion headings in a discussion heading list, filtering from the documents the headings and text that is associated with the headings, and storing (on persistent storage in a manner adapted for input into the learning algorithm) fact training data and discussion training data that are based on the filtered headings and the associated text. Another method (of extracting features that are independent of specific machine learning algorithms needed to accurately classify case law text passages as fact passages or as discussion passages) has steps of: determining a relative position of the text passages in an opinion segment in the case law text, parsing the text passages into text chunks, comparing the text chunks to predetermined feature entities for possible matched feature entities, and associating the relative position and matched feature entities with the text passages for use by one of the learning algorithms. Corresponding apparatus and computer-readable memories are also provided.

A method and apparatus for mining text databases, employing sequential pattern phrase identification and shape queries, to discover trends. The method passes over a desired database using a dynamically generated shape query. Documents within the database are selected based on specific classifications and user defined partitions. Once a partition is specified, transaction IDs are assigned to the words in the text documents depending on their placement within each document. The transaction IDs encode both the position of each word within the document as well as representing sentence, paragraph, and section breaks, and are represented in one embodiment as long integers with the sentence boundaries. A maximum and minimum gap between words in the phrases and the minimum support all phrases must meet for the selected time period may be specified. A generalized sequential pattern method is used to generate those phrases in each partition that meet the minimum support threshold. The shape query engine takes the set of phrases for the partition of interest and selects those that match a given shape query. A query may take the form of requesting a trend such as "recent upwards trend", "recent spikes in usage", "downward trends", and "resurgence of usage". Once the phrases matching the shape query are found, they are presented to the user.

The invention discloses an automatic question answering method and a system thereof. The automatic question answering method comprises the following steps: step A, the information of a question is acquired through the analysis of the question; step B, the query criterion is generated according to the analysis results of the question for retrieval by using the search engine in knowledge source, thus searching out the file collection relating to the query criterion; the file collection is divided into paragraph collections; step C, paragraph collections relating to the query criterion are retrieved in a centralized way from the paragraphs by using the paragraph retrieval method according to the file retrieval results; and the answer of the question is returned from the paragraph collections. The automatic question answering method and the system improve the accuracy of answers and the precision of returning correct results.

A computerized notetaking system that records audio and links notes to the audio and has enhancements such as: Always-on audio recording and external timestamp button that work even when the system is turned off. A “next-topic” command that prepares and timestamps a new paragraph while allowing the user to complete the current paragraph. Commands for creating callouts and sidebar boxes in the user notes. A choice of audio filters. Speech recognition for searching through and navigating an audio recording. Speech recognition accuracy enhancement based upon typed notes. Playback, including lockstep playback, that prefers starting and stopping at word boundaries without overlap when possible. A self-adjusting preplay parameter. A “repeat slower” command that replays a few seconds of audio and then resumes at normal speed. Integrated background audio that plays music or white noise when notes-related audio is not being played. Several other enhancements are disclosed.

An interactive formatting tool enables a user to analyze and modify the formatting properties that have been applied to a text string. A user can invoke the formatting tool by displaying an Interactive Formatting Pane and then selecting a text string for analysis. The Interactive Formatting Pane will display all formatting properties applied to the text selection, including font properties, paragraph properties, and section properties. The Interactive Formatting Pane may also display table format properties, frame format properties, cell format properties and bullets and numbering format properties, if applicable. The user may then select a formatting category (e.g., font size) from the Interactive Formatting Pane and a format modification dialog will be displayed. The format modification dialog enables the user to modify the formatting properties associated with the selected formatting category. The Interactive Formatting Pane also includes a compare selection checkbox. The Interactive Formatting Pane will highlight the formatting differences between the selections. The user may then select each highlighted difference and reconcile the formatting properties of the two selections.

A configurable multi-lingual presentation of an ancient manuscript is presented. An ancient manuscript, such as a bible, is configured and presented simultaneously in a plurality of languages, side by side. For instance, an English language translation may be presented in one column of a display while a Spanish language translation is presented in a second column. The presentation may be in electronic media, in which case it could be over a PDA (personal data assistant), a personal computer (e.g. a laptop), an electronic book, a projection in a church or other environment, etc. The presentation may also be printed in book form after final configuration. For instance, a customized book may be generated from preferences specified by a user, leaflets of specific paragraphs may be generated for a specific event, or a regularly bound book may be generated for mass distribution.

The security enhanced data platform is comprised of two primary subsystems and a host of supporting subsystems. The first primary subsystem is a document management system. A set of client side tools provides the user a way to specify classifications and compartments for selected areas of a document, and a way to save the document in the format required by the system in order to allow the system to enforce the rules and privileges dictated to the system. The second subsystem is a security enhanced database management system. In documents the system allows different user privilege requirements on the document as a whole as well as on pages, paragraphs, sentences, words, and / or letters of a word. A history of document changes is maintained to provide an audit trail after the fact of who did what changes, where those changes were made and when those changes were made.

Method and apparatus for reconstructing new documents from a group of old ones by removing the existing redundant information. Redundant information (images, text paragraphs) from retrieved multimedia documents is removed. Each document consists of two main parts stored in different databases. The first part of a document represents text paragraphs, the second part consists of the images and drawings related with the text paragraphs. An information reduction methodology examines first the text paragraphs of each document related with a specific topic, and removes the redundant information, such as same or similar paragraphs, by keeping pointers useful for a future reconstruction of the original documents. The remaining text paragraphs and the set of points are used to compose the first version of a new document. The invention also examines all the images related with the set of original documents and removes the same or similar images while keeping pointers that could assist a future reconstruction of the original documents. The invention merges text-paragraphs and images and creates the first stage new document.