The invention provides a space analytic geometry-based line-scan camera calibration method and belongs to the line-scan CCD camera calibration field. The space analytic geometry-based line-scan camera calibration method is especially suitable for fast, accurate and flexible calibration of line-scan cameras. According to the calibration method, a new target is designed, and space analysis geometrical relationships are utilized, and the parameters of a line-scan camera can be obtained based on a vector method, and therefore, rapid calibration of the camera can be realized. With the method adopted, calibration accuracy can be ensured without making a precise target required, and the target is not required to move precisely according to a prescribed direction; and the plane of the target and the plane of the camera are not required to be parallel to each other, and therefore, the arrangement position and attitude of the camera can be arbitrary, and the flexibility of the calibration of the line-scan camera can be effectively improved. The space analytic geometry-based line-scan camera calibration method of the invention has the advantages of fast calibration speed, high accuracy, flexible operation and the like. With the space analytic geometry-based line-scan camera calibration method adopted, a precise target is not required to be produced, and fast calibration of the line-scan camera under harsh environment conditions can be realized.