54results about How to "Does not cause fatigue" patented technology

The invention discloses head-worn wireless video glasses. The head-worn wireless video glasses comprise an upper shell (1), a function button plate (2), a right door (3), a video display drive and video restoration hardware part (4), a lower shell (8), eye patches (9) and a left door (12). The head-mounted wireless video glasses are further provided with a right left-right pupil distance adjusting button (7) and a left left-right pupil distance adjusting button (10), wherein the right left-right pupil distance adjusting button (7) and the left left-right pupil distance adjusting button (10) are used for adjusting the distance between the left eye and the right eye of the glasses. By the adoption of the design, the use requirements of different crowds are greatly met, and the pupil distance between the left eye and the right eye can be adjusted. The eye patches are made of soft silica gel materials and when the eye patches are attached to the face, people feel more comfortable. Through the user-friendly design of optical lenses, a user can enjoy images with the large angle and the high definition without eyestrain. An elastic band is adopted in a head band part, the size of the elastic band is adjustable, and therefore the head-mounted wireless video glasses are suitable for anyone.

The invention relates to the technical field of a medical appliance, in particular to a far infrared radiation treatment instrument for treating limb lymphedema. The far infrared radiation treatment instrument is characterized by comprising an upper box body and a lower box body, wherein each of the upper box body and the lower box body is provided with a semicircular cavity; the semicircular cavities are matched to form a limb thermal therapy space; each of the upper box body and the lower box body is provided with a far infrared heating tube; the far infrared heating tubes are uniformly arranged along the peripheral direction of the thermal therapy space; the cavity wall surface of each semicircular cavity is a light reflecting surface; each far infrared heating tube is a far infrared heating tube for emitting low-temperature far infrared rays. The far infrared radiation treatment instrument has the advantage that the far infrared radiation treatment instrument with the advantages of safety, good curative effect, no side effect and convenience in operation is provided.

The invention discloses an automatic intelligent reading device. The structure of the device comprises a base, a telescopic rod, a reading panel and an automatic control system, wherein the reading panel is fixedly arranged on a universal ball on the top of the telescopic rod, the position of the reading panel is adjusted together with rotation of the universal ball, and the universal ball is movably arranged on the top of the telescopic rod through a ball hoop; a page turning manipulator is arranged on one side of the reading panel, and a viscous probe is arranged at the terminal of the page turning manipulator; the universal ball and the page turning manipulator are connected with a power device through a power train; and the automatic control system comprises a displacement and speed sensor independently arranged on human head and a microprocessor arranged on the reading device, wherein the microprocessor is communicated with the displacement and speed sensor and the power device in a wired or wireless mode. By the device, the defects of the prior art can be overcome, and harm to the human body due to long-time reading is avoided automatically and high intelligently.

The invention discloses a depth detection based body identification control device, which comprises a light source module, a depth image module and a data control module. The light source module emits interrupting pulse light in the same range as the visual range of the depth image module; the depth image module comprises an image sensor and a depth reconstruction unit, and is used for receiving the reflected light irradiated to an object by the light source module and generating a depth image; and the data control module comprises a target identification unit, a target positioning unit, a data conversion unit and a data transmission unit, and is used for identifying and positioning the target body part or the whole body entering the visual range, converting the image into the data capable of being identified and transmitting the data to the corresponding equipment. The depth detection based body identification control device can be applied in the field of multimedia teaching equipment, in particular the field of computer education.

The invention discloses a low-color-temperature amber LED street lamp suitable for night driving of middle-aged and elderly people. The street lamp which is low in color temperature, still has the high lighting effect and the high color rendering performance of a light emitting diode, and has the high fog transmission characteristic of a high pressure sodium lamp is formed by combining a blue-light indium gallium nitrogen LED chip and amber fluorescent powder according to the appropriate proportion, and a traditional high-voltage sodium street lamp is replaced. Compared with the traditional high-voltage sodium lamp, the low-color-temperature amber LED street lamp has the high lighting effect and the high color rendering index; compared with a common white-light LED, the low-color-temperature amber LED street lamp has the low color temperature and the high fog transmission performance, internal clock disorders cannot be caused, caused light pollution is relatively low, and the low-color-temperature amber LED street lamp is suitable for night driving and night walking of the middle-aged and elderly people with the yellowed retina.

The invention discloses a garbage picking device for a sanitation worker. The garbage picking device comprises a clamping mechanism, a control mechanism, a main rod and a movable rod. The control mechanism is provided with a handle. A control sliding board is connected to the inner portion of the handle in a sliding mode. A steel-wire-adjustable fixed round ring is arranged on the upper portion ofthe control sliding board. The main rod is connected to the bottom of the handle, and the movable rod is sleeved with the main rod through a screwing adjuster. The bottom of the movable rod is connected with the clamping mechanism which is symmetrically provided with a pair of clamping arms. By the adoption of the garbage picking device, a steel wire, the main rod, the movable rod and an automatic reeling mechanism are adopted, the length of the picking device is changed through change of the position of the movable rod in the main rod, a redundant rope is collected under the effect of the automatic reeling mechanism so that the length can be changed according to the actual demand of a user, and the garbage picking device is more convenient to operate.

The invention discloses a composition with a weight management function and a preparation method thereof. The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 to 40 parts of microencapsulation powder, 10 to 20 parts of mixed peptide powder, 5 to 15 parts of semen cassiae powder, 5 to 15 parts of momordica grosvenori powder, 1 to 4 parts of sterculia scaphigera powder, 5 to 15 parts of mulberry fruit, 5 to 10 parts of radish seed powder, and 15 to 30 parts of honey powder. The composition has the advantages that by selecting the well-tested materials with homology of medicine and food, and studying the composition by a more intensive method, while the body feel requirement of a consumer is met, the weight management function of decreasing lipid, relaxing bowels and losing weight from interior to exterior is realized; the safety is high, the universality is strong, and the application range is wide.

The invention provides a solid preparation containing capsaicin.The solid preparation is prepared from capsaicin, menthol, a coating layer and auxiliary materials, wherein the coating layer is a double-layer coating and consists of an isolation coating layer and a slow release coating layer.The auxiliary materials include a filling agent and a lubricant. The solid preparation containing the capsaicin applies the menthol as a carrier for the first time, so that the in-water solubility of the capsaicin in the preparation is improved from 0.011 micro-g / mL to 40 micro-g / mL and is far higher than that ofJapan's commercially availablecapsaicin tablets (2.6micro-g / mL). Therefore, the taking dosage of a final product can be reduced, the irritation of the capsaicin to the gastrointestinal tract is reduced. In addition, double-layer coating design is conducted on the final product, the stability of the product is also ensured while release is controlled. Furthermore,attractive, complete and smooth slow-release coatings having a slow-release effect can be achieved without any plasticizer or anti-sticking agent.

The invention provides an intelligent blind guiding belt. The intelligent blind guiding belt comprises a belt body, cameras, an ultrasonic sensor, a microphone, a loudspeaker, a vibrator, a positioning module and a microcomputer module, wherein the microphone, the loudspeaker, the vibrator, the cameras and the ultrasonic sensor are arranged at the front position of the belt body, and the positioning module and the microcomputer module are arranged at the side face of the belt body; the signal output ends of the cameras, ultrasonic sensor, microphone and positioning module are connected with the signal input end of the microcomputer module, the signal input ends of the loudspeaker and vibrator are connected with the signal output end of the microcomputer module; after a user speaks a walking destination through the microphone, a navigation software in the microcomputer module instantly identifies the walking destination through a voice identification software and finds an optimal walking route in the navigation software according to current position information obtained from the positioning module so as to guide the user; when it is detected that an obstacle exists in front of the user, warning information is sent for the user through the loudspeaker and the vibrator.

The invention discloses a ten-key collection keyboard and belongs to the field of computer accessory equipment. The keyboard comprises ten keys. The keys are embedded onto a keyboard shell. A keyboard circuit and a code circuit are located in the keyboard shell. Communication interfaces are located on the keyboard shell and are connected with the code circuit. The ten keys of the keyboard correspond to ten fingers of a person respectively. Each key is of an oblong structure, the width of the upper surface of each key ranges from 1.3 centimeters to 2.5 centimeters, and the length of each key is at least twice that of the width of the key. In the using process, the person naturally puts the ten fingers on the ten keys of the keyboard and does not need to move the fingers when hitting the keys to carry out input, so long-term operation on the keyboard will not result in fatigue of the fingers and the wrists, possible wrong hitting in the touch typing and key finding process can be avoided, and the keystroke speed is increased. The ten-key collection keyboard is compact in structure and convenient to carry, keyboard operation under certain key position coding rules can be achieved, and the ten-key collection keyboard can be popularized and especially provides a computer input device for Braille users and special control industries.

The invention belongs to the field of education tools, and particularly relates to equipment supporting writing eye protection. Directed at the problems that the existing desk does not have an eye protection function, eye fatigue is easily caused when a student writes and impaired vision is brought about, the invention proposes the following scheme that: the equipment comprises a base, a table board is arranged at the top of the base, fixed seats are fixedly installed on the mutually approaching sides of the table board and the base, connecting arms are rotatably mounted on the two fixed seats, the two connecting arms are rotatably connected to each other, fixed grooves are formed on the mutually approaching sides of the base and the table board, moving seats are slidably mounted in the two fixed grooves, one ends of the connecting arms are rotatably mounted on the corresponding moving seats, a connecting groove is formed at the top of the table board, and a protective plate is placedin the connecting groove. The equipment is reasonable in structure and convenient to operate, the desk has an eye protection function, can control the eye using distance of students, cannot cause eyefatigue when students write, and can effectively protect eyesight.

The invention provides novel restrain gloves. The novel restrain gloves comprise one ellipsoid to be grabbed, wherein a first sleeve ring for sleeving one section of the root of a thumb and at least two second sleeve rings for sleeving one sections of the roots of other fingers are arranged on the ellipsoid; a binding band structure is also connected to the ellipsoid, and is used for fixing the ellipsoid to the hand and restraining the hand. The novel restrain glove disclosed by the invention is good in permeability, and can prevent the situation that fingers are fatigued caused by keeping inone posture for a long term.

The invention relates to a hand-cranking driving type hand drill. The hand-cranking driving type hand drill consists of a main handle, an auxiliary handle, a crank handle, a rocker, a driving wheel, a driven wheel, a feed wheel, a support frame, a driving shaft, a three-claw clamp, a bit and a screw, wherein the main handle is fixed on the support frame; the auxiliary handle is fixed on a connecting seat of the support frame; the driving wheel is mounted on a connecting shaft of the support frame, and the rocker is mounted between the connecting shaft of the support frame and the driving wheel; the crank handle is mounted at one end of the rocker, and the rocker and the driving wheel are connected through the screw; the driven wheel and the feed wheel are mounted on the support frame, one side of the feed wheel and the driving shaft are connected and rotate simultaneously; the support frame and the driving shaft are in threaded connection; the three-claw clamp is mounted at the other end of the driving shaft; and the bit is arranged in the three-claw clamp. According to the hand-cranking driving type hand drill disclosed by the invention, rotating, drilling and axial feeding can be realized at the same time, so that the drilling efficiency is improved. Human labor can be fully used, holes which are difficult to drill can be drilled by using the hand-cranking driving type hand drill, and the hand-cranking driving type hand drill is simple in structure and can be widely popularized and applied.

The invention provides a steel plate cropping positioning intelligent video recognition system and method, and the system comprises a plurality of video image collection devices and a video image analysis device, and the video image collection devices are arranged at different positions of a roller way before cropping; the plurality of video image acquisition devices acquire a steel plate head roller way video image, a steel plate image and a steel plate tail roller way video image, and send the steel plate head roller way video image and the steel plate tail roller way video image to the video image analysis device; and the video image analysis equipment determines steel plate head position information and steel plate tail position information according to the steel plate head roller wayvideo image, the steel plate image and the steel plate tail roller way video image by monitoring the steel plate horizontally placed on the roller way, so that the length of the steel plate is calculated. According to the scheme, automatic monitoring and automatic analysis are adopted, and an autonomous optimization function is achieved, so that the measurement accuracy can be continuously improved, personnel fatigue is avoided, the analysis time is shortened, and the error rate is reduced.

The invention relates to a novel handheld mouse, which comprises a mouse body and a battery shell switch button and is characterized in that the mouse body is a wireless mouse; an opening is formed in the front part of a roller frame; a roller is fixed on the roller frame; the battery shell switch button is arranged on the back part of the roller frame; the left side and the right side of the mouse body are provided with game switch adjusting buttons. The novel handheld mouse has the advantages of convenience and rapidness in use, distinct personality and avoidance of fatigue of the fingers and wrist of a user after long-time use. Moreover, the game switch adjusting buttons are added, so that the service lives of the left and right buttons of the mouse are prolonged.

The invention discloses a portable electric stamping device which comprises a driver, a rack, a cam, a hammer, a spring, a first screw, a second screw, a controller and a power supplier. In the stamping process, an existing stamp is placed into the electric stamping device, the controller only needs to be triggered slightly with the human hand, and the clean stamping effect can be obtained; and when stamping needs to be carried out many times, too large fatigues and muscle strains of the wrist and the arm of a person can be avoided, the daily work of people is greatly facilitated, and body health of people is facilitated.

The invention discloses a handheld columnar sediment collector with a mud cutting knife edge. The handheld columnar sediment collector comprises a handle rod, a lifting cover, a sampling pipe and a cavity frame thereof, a sampling head, a locking part and a top mud sealing plug, wherein a spillway hole and a movable plug matched with the spillway hole are arranged on the lifting cover; the handle rod is in threaded connection with the lifting cover; the sampling pipe is arranged in the cavity frame of the sampling pipe; the lifting cover is connected with the cavity frame of the sampling pipe by the locking part; the sampling head is fixed at the bottom of the cavity frame of the sampling pipe; the top mud sealing plug is cylindrical; the outer wall of the top mud sealing plug is tightly attached to the inner wall of the sampling pipe; in a sampling state, the lifting cover and the cavity frame of the sampling pipe are relatively fixed by the locking part, and the spillway hole is communicated with the sampling pipe; in a state of taking out the sampling pipe, the lifting cover is separated from the cavity frame of the sampling pipe, and the bottom of the sampling pipe is closed by the top mud sealing plug; in a state of taking out or segmenting a sample, the bottom end of the sampling pipe is closed by the top mud sealing plug. The collector disclosed by the invention can be applied to collection of a hard mud layer and has the advantages of convenience in sample segmentation, simplicity and convenience in operation, high efficiency, convenience in carrying and accommodating, lightness, convenience and easiness in operation.

An electronically controlled automatic supply double-cavity eating utensil device belongs to the technical field of electronically controlled automatic supply diet health care devices. At present, the flow rate of medical staff or accompanying personnel feeding food to the patient cannot meet the patient's dietary requirements at any time, which can easily cause the patient's displeasure. The technical solution of this invention is: the driven pulley 26 is arranged on the rotating shaft installed in the horizontally moving supporting shell 25, the motor 30 is fixed on the horizontally moving supporting shell 25, and the rotating shaft is fixed with a Driving pulley 29 in 25; At driving pulley 29 and driven pulley 26, be wound with transmission belt 27. Its advantage is: the use of the device makes the patient feel comfortable during the whole eating process because of satisfying his own eating speed and time requirements, and avoids complicated contradictions between doctors and patients.

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical apparatuses and particularly relates to a near infrared noninvasive treatment system. The near infrared noninvasive treatment system includes a cylindrical handle casing and is characterized in that the front end of the handle casing is provided with a near infrared generator emitting near infrared light outwards, the near infrared generator is connected with a power supply mechanism, a light transmission aggregation mirror fixed at the front end of the handle casing and capable of performing light transmission and focusing is arranged ahead the near infrared generator, a water cooling device fixed in the handle casing and contacted with the near infrared generator is arranged behind the near infrared generator, and the water cooling device is connected with a water cooling circulation mechanism. The near infrared noninvasive treatment system is advantageous in that the water cooling circulation mechanism and the water cooling device are arranged, the water cooling device cools the near infrared generator, the heat generated by the long-time work of the near infrared noninvasive treatment system can be cooled at any time, and the overtreatment of lesion can be prevented.

The invention discloses an OLED light source based mine laneway lighting device and an emergency indication system. The mine laneway lighting device comprises an OLED light source and a light source cavity shell, and is characterized in that the OLED light source is arranged in the light source cavity shell, an OLED heat dissipation plate fixedly connected with the light source cavity shell is arranged above the OLED light source, an adhesive explosion-proof surface is arranged at the joint of the light source cavity shell and the OLED light source, and an explosion-proof junction surface is arranged at the top of the light source cavity shell. The adopted OLED light source has the characteristics of low voltage, low temperature rise and the like, and has good energy-saving performance compared with a traditional illumination light source. The lighting device is a surface light source, emits soft light, does not have glare or ultraviolet rays, is more suitable for the underground coalmine environment compared with an OLED point light source, and facilitates improvement of the coal mine laneway illumination effect and environment. The lighting device is a surface light source, is soft in emitted light, free of glare and ultraviolet rays, and is more suitable for the underground environment of a coal mine compared with an OLED point light source.

The invention relates to an auxiliary device of a pneumatic impact wrench. The auxiliary device comprises a base plate, wheels, a cylindrical stand column, a rotating shaft, a bearing assembly, an upper limiting block, a lower limiting block, a suspension arm, a suspension ring and a load stretchable rod. The cylindrical stand column is vertically installed on the base plate, the rotating shaft is installed in the cylindrical stand column in a rotatable mode through the bearing assembly, an upper limiting opening is formed in the upper end of the cylindrical stand column, a lower limiting opening is formed in the lower end of the cylindrical stand column, the upper limiting block is connected with the upper end of the rotating shaft and extends out from the upper limiting opening, the lower limiting block is connected with the lower end of the rotating shaft and extends out from the lower limiting opening, the upper end of the suspension arm is hinged to the upper limiting block, the suspension ring is installed at the lower end of the suspension arm, the lower end of the load stretchable rod is hinged to the lower limiting block, and the upper end of the load stretchable rod is hinged to the middle of the suspension arm. The suspension ring at the lower end of the suspension arm can freely move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, when a nut is disassembled and assembled, labor is greatly saved, the auxiliary device is convenient to use, the labor intensity is greatly reduced, fatigue can be avoided, the locking degree is guaranteed, and the traffic safety is further guaranteed.

The invention discloses a universal light and color lamp strip system which comprises an image sensor and an FIFO buffer. The image sensor transmits image information to an image processing and color recognition module through the FIFO buffer, and the image processing and color recognition module transmits the processed information to an MCU; the MCU controls LED lamp strips and a wireless transmission module; and a power supply module supplies power to the image sensor, the image processing and color recognition module, the MCU, the wireless transmission module and the LED lamp strips. The invention aims to provide the universal light and color lamp strip system which has a display effect matched with that of a display screen and can achieve a good visual viewing effect.

The invention discloses an aluminum profile polishing machine. The aluminum profile polishing machine comprises a base and a supporting table; the surface of the inner side of the upper front end of the supporting table is slidably connected with an H-shaped steel frame through a rail slide groove; a concave plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the H-shaped steel frame; a profile isplaced on the surface of the inner side of the upper end of the concave plate, and the surface of the inner side of the front end of the concave plate is connected with a threaded pin through a thread; an extrusion round block is fixedly connected to the surface of the outer side of the rear end of the threaded pin, and the surface of the outer side of the extrusion round block is in extrusion contact with the surface of the outer side of the front end of the profile; the rear end surface of the extrusion round block is coated with a rubber layer; the surface of the inner side of the front endof the threaded pin is slidably connected with a torsion bar through a slide hole; and a positioning rod is slidably connected to the surface of the inner side of the rear end of the supporting tablethrough a positioning hole. According to the aluminum profile polishing machine, the polishing efficiency is improved, hand fatigue is avoided, and the polishing precision is not influenced.

The invention discloses a method for making and preserving dried bamboo shoot chicken. The method for making the dried chicken is as follows: cleaning the live chicken first, cutting it into chicken pieces, frying it in an oil pan until golden, and drying it after taking it out of the pan; putting the dried bamboo shoots in Blanch in boiling water for 5-10 minutes, remove and dry the water; then soak the fried chicken nuggets in the sauce and marinate for 4-5 hours, the mass ratio of chicken nuggets to sauce is 1:3; finally marinate The prepared chicken nuggets are taken out, mixed with dried bamboo shoots, packaged separately, sealed and sterilized. The antiseptic method is to add compound phosphate prepared by sodium polyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate to the dried bamboo shoot chicken sauce, and the addition amount is 20-1000mg / 600g. The product of the invention has pure taste, no peculiar smell, does not add preservatives, can continuously release energy, is easy to carry, and has a long storage time.

The invention relates to a human engineering photographic device and a using method thereof. The human engineering photographic device comprises a lens and a shell, wherein the shell is provided with a front end and a rear end; the lens is arranged at the front end; a supporting part is arranged at the rear end and can be attached to the palm of a user; and when a natural angle is maintained between the elbow and the wrist of the user, the lens can maintain a horizontal angle. Meanwhile, the invention provides a using method of the photographic device.

The invention discloses a portable radio and television editor teaching aid, and belongs to the technical field of teaching assisting devices. The portable radio and television editor teaching aid comprises a box body, two storage mechanisms, two supporting mechanisms, a teaching mechanism and a tripod. Each supporting mechanism comprises a supporting assembly and two adjusting assemblies. The teaching mechanism is arranged at the front end of the box body. The tripod comprises a lifting assembly, a connecting assembly, a buffering assembly and a supporting assembly. The buffering assembly isinstalled in the middle of the connecting assembly. Two straps are arranged at the front end of the box body. Two binding belts are arranged at the lower portion of the box body. The free ends of thetwo binding belts are fixedly connected through hook-and-loop fasteners. The teaching aid has an object containing function and meanwhile has a camera supporting function and a teaching assisting function and can provide many help for radio and television editor teaching and stabilize a camera, people do not need to hold the camera for a long time, and the fatigue of arms is relieved.

The invention discloses a cooking method and a preservative method of a leisure snack-beer fish. The cooking method comprises the steps as follows: cleaning a live fish, cutting away a fish head, a fishtail and internal organs, and cutting the fish into fish blocks; putting the fish blocks into a frying pan, frying until the fish blocks become golden yellow, fishing the finish blocks out of the frying pan, and carrying out air-drying; and immersing the fried fish blocks into sauces for salting, fishing out, sub-packaging, sealing and sterilizing. The preservative method comprises the steps as follows: adding 20-1000mg / 600g of composite phosphate prepared by sodium polyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate into the sauces of the beer fish. The beer fish is pure in taste and odor-free, is not added with a preservative, can continuously and slowly release energy, and is convenient to carry and long in storage time.

The invention discloses a production and antisepsis method of chestnut chicken. The production method is to first wash the live chicken, cut it into chicken pieces, fry it in an oil pan until golden, and dry it after taking it out of the pan; shell the chestnut, Cook over high heat; then soak the fried chicken nuggets in the sauce and marinate for 4‑5 hours, the mass ratio of chicken nuggets to sauce is 1:3; finally, take out the marinated chicken nuggets and mix them with chestnuts , subpackage, seal, and sterilize. The antiseptic method is to add compound phosphate prepared by sodium polyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate to the chestnut chicken sauce, and the addition amount is 20-1000mg / 600g. The product of the invention has pure taste, no peculiar smell, does not add preservatives, can continuously release energy, is easy to carry, and has a long storage time.

The invention relates to an auxiliary device of a pneumatic impact wrench. The auxiliary device comprises a base plate, wheels, a cylindrical stand column, a rotating shaft, a bearing assembly, an upper limiting block, a lower limiting block, a suspension arm, a suspension ring and a load stretchable rod. The cylindrical stand column is vertically installed on the base plate, the rotating shaft is installed in the cylindrical stand column in a rotatable mode through the bearing assembly, an upper limiting opening is formed in the upper end of the cylindrical stand column, a lower limiting opening is formed in the lower end of the cylindrical stand column, the upper limiting block is connected with the upper end of the rotating shaft and extends out from the upper limiting opening, the lower limiting block is connected with the lower end of the rotating shaft and extends out from the lower limiting opening, the upper end of the suspension arm is hinged to the upper limiting block, the suspension ring is installed at the lower end of the suspension arm, the lower end of the load stretchable rod is hinged to the lower limiting block, and the upper end of the load stretchable rod is hinged to the middle of the suspension arm. The suspension ring at the lower end of the suspension arm can freely move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, when a nut is disassembled and assembled, labor is greatly saved, the auxiliary device is convenient to use, the labor intensity is greatly reduced, fatigue can be avoided, the locking degree is guaranteed, and the traffic safety is further guaranteed.