The invention discloses a pre-stack seismic reflection mode analysis method based on a tensor discriminant dictionary, comprising the following steps: S1, acquiring pre-stack seismic signals; S2, adding neighborhood gather information of target gathers, and target gather data Composing multi-dimensional pre-stack seismic data together; S3, making training data; S4, constructing the objective function, and formulating a classification strategy that is conducive to the classification of pre-stack seismic data on the basis of the discriminant tensor dictionary learning algorithm; S5, iteratively updating the model; S6. Put the pre-stack seismic data into the model trained in step S6, and obtain the reflection mode result of the target layer in the whole work area. The invention is based on Tucker tensor decomposition, can process multi-dimensional data well, better utilize multi-dimensional information of pre-stack seismic data, can have higher classification accuracy for pre-stack seismic reflection mode analysis, and is robust to noise better.