96 results about "Skin electrode" patented technology

A self contained, compact, long term, ambulatory physiological recorder is designed for mounting directly to the body of a patient, immediately adjacent to the organ or system that is to be monitored, and is adhesively and covertly held there in place and comfortably under clothing by the very transducer, skin electrodes that detect the physiological information to be recorded, and thereby increasing continuity and decreasing artifact by obviating the need for numerous and cumbersome, hanging electrode leads as well as unsightly and cumbersome recorder pouches suspended from shoulder straps or belts.

Aspects of the present invention relate to electroporation devices and methods of using same to effectively facilitate the introduction of a biomolecule into cells of a selected tissue in a body, in particular skin such as intradermic or subcutaneous tissue. In some aspects, the present invention is a skin EP device, which produces a pulse of energy and delivers same to the skin tissue using a skin electrode array and maintains a constant current in the same skin tissue based on user input, including a preset current, and allows the storage and acquisition of current waveform data.

An electrode for establishing electrical contact with the skin is disclosed, said electrode having a low impedance and comprising an electrically conductive metallic layer (4) and an electrically conductive gel (12) attached to said metallic layer, wherein the pH of the electrically conductive gel (12) is chosen so as to provide a corrosion of the metallic layer (4).

An electrotherapy system for stimulating sensory nerves within skin tissue includes a electrode carrier, a pulse generator, an array of skin-penetrating electrodes and surface skin electrodes, a pulse conditioning circuit, and a power source. The system administers biphasic pulsed current at the surface skin electrodes and monophasic pulsed current at each skin-penetrating electrode. The skin-penetrating surfaces and skin contact surfaces of the electrotherapy system may be sterilized or may be replaceable for outpatient reusability.

Disclosed are devices, a systems, and methods for determining the dipole densities on heart walls. In particular, a triangularization of the heart wall is performed in which the dipole density of each of multiple regions correlate to the potential measured at various locations within the associated chamber of the heart. To create a database of dipole densities, mapping information recorded by multiple electrodes located on one or more catheters and anatomical information is used. In addition skin electrodes may be implemented.

Apparatus for transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in a user, the apparatus comprising:stimulation means for electrically stimulating at least one nerve;an electrode array connectable to said stimulation means, said electrode array comprising a plurality of electrodes for electrical stimulation of the at least one nerve, said electrodes having a pre-formed geometry and known electrode-skin contact area size when in complete contact with the user's skin;monitoring means electrically connected to said stimulation means for monitoring the impedance of the electrical stimulation through said electrode array; andanalysis means for analyzing said impedance to estimate a change in the electrode-skin contact area.

Disclosed is a method for obtaining a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram and a rhythm strip, comprising: a) capturing, by a personal ECG device, information related to the electrical activity of a user's heart as acquired from multiple skin monitoring electrodes positioned on the body of said user in a standard 12 lead anatomical manner; b) generating ECG data, by said personal ECG device, for obtaining said standard 12-lead electrocardiogram and said rhythm strip, wherein said generated ECG data represent the electrical activity of the heart of said user as acquired by said skin electrodes; and c) transferring said ECG data via a short range data communication wireless protocol to a paired mobile device, adapted to communicate with a remote data center for retransmitting said transferred ECG data to said remote data center; and processing said forwarded ECG data and creating a 12 lead ECG and Rhythm strip report at said remote data center.

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing and using a wearable flexible skin electrode. By fusion of the method and a novel micro-nano machining technology, the wearable flexible skin electrode is fixed to the skin surface through an ultrathin, nontoxic and high-biocompatibility skin adhesive without conductive adhesives, and the electrode can be well fused with the skin of a human body and is capable of moving along with stretching of the skin, high in comfort and less prone to shedding. Since the electrode is in directly close connection with the skin, low impedance, high sensitivity and high stability are achieved, and interference of limb movement is avoided. The electrode has waterproof and sweatproof functions and is capable of monitoring electric signals of the human body in large-amplitude motion. A human body electric signal detection device manufactured with the skin electrode has the advantages of small size, light weight, convenience in wearing, availability for long-term use, low cost and benefit of popularization for long-term health monitoring and acquisition of health big data of people in wide range.

A protective electrode structure comprises a middle protective electrode which resides between an outer protective electrode and the skin electrodes during a measurement. The middle protective electrode and the outer protective electrode are insulated from each other. Additionally, the middle protective electrode may be coupled to a virtual ground of the user-specific performance monitor system.

The invention relates to a system and a method in which an electrophysiological signal is sensed capacitively with at least two closely spaced electrodes such that the electrodes experience strongly correlated skin-electrode distance variations. To be able to derive a motion artifact signal, the capacitive coupling between the electrodes and skin is made intentionally different. With a signal processing means the motion artifact signal can be removed from the measured signal to leave only the desired electrophysiological signal. Since the measured quantity is dependant on the electrode-skin distance itself, the system and method do not need to rely on the constancy of a transfer function. Hereby, they give reliable motion artifact free output signals.

The invention provides a convenient and non-invasive means to prepare cells, tissues, and organs for electrical transmission and reception. In an embodiment of the invention, a control method comprises the use of at least one skin electrode, as a reference electrode, and an electrical sensor to measure periodically or continuously the skin's electrical conductance at the site of preparation. The dynamic change in the conductance through the skin is measured while the ultrasound is applied. Signal processing is performed on the measurement and the level of skin impedance change is controlled by performing a mathematical analysis and using the results of such analysis to control the application of ultrasonic energy. A desired level of skin impedance can be set at a predetermined value or based on a chosen level of skin integrity, subject's sensation of discomfort, or duration of the ultrasound application.

Electrode systems and methods are provided for applying electrical stimulation to a wound or skin. The electrode systems may include a feedback sensor configured to detect at least one wound healing factor or other treatment factors and may adjust the electrical stimulation based on feedback sensor measurements. The electrode systems may include multiple center electrodes for attachment to the wound. Multiple therapies may be stored on the electrode systems and a selected one of the stored therapies may be applied. A timer may be included to indicate the length of time a therapy has been applied. The electrode system may include a control module configured as a flexible circuit which conforms to the shape of the wound or the skin to which it is applied. In addition, a medical kit may be supplied for use in applying therapies, including multiple control modules and multiple electrodes.

Disclosed are devices (100), systems (500), and methods for determining the dipole densities on heart walls. In particular, a triangularization of the heart wall is performed in which the dipole density of each of multiple regions correlate to the potential measured at various located within the associated chamber of the heart. To create a database of dipole densities, mapping information recorded by multiple electrodes (316) located on one or more catheters (310) and anatomical information is used. In addition, skin electrodes may be implemented. Additionally, one or more ultrasound elements (340) are provided, such as on a clamp assembly or integral to a mapping electrode, to produce real time images of device components and surrounding structures.

A real-time electroencephalo-feedback training instrument based on Direct X3D by using 3D auditory-visual irritation as feedback measure is composed of multiple head skin electrodes, cerebroelectric signal sampling module, real-time cerebroelectric signal processing module, computer and relative software. Its advantages are high correctness of signals and simple operation.

PCT No. PCT / EP96 / 01043 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 27, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 27, 1997 PCT Filed Mar. 12, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO96 / 28211 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 19, 1996A method is disclosed for treating erectile dysfunction includes arranging a therapy apparatus to be connected to an electrical power source, placing a skin electrode on two sides laterally of a penile shaft and employing an amplifier for performing the stimulation. A current is applied transcutaneously for a regeneration of the smooth musculature of the penile corpus carnaversum. The current applied has zero line-symmetrical impulses of rectangular or trapezoid form with a built-up time of 0,01 to 2 seconds, a stimulation period of 1 to 60 seconds direct or alternating, a stimulation pause of 0.01 to 60 seconds, a frequency range of 1 to 50 Hertz and an impulse period of 100 mu s to 10 ms. Advantageously, the stimulation is performed diagonally alternatingly with zero-line symmetric impulses of trapezoidal shape in a first channel and in a second channel with alternating stimulations. The frequency for the first channel is 10 to 20 Hertz and the frequency for the second channel is 20 to 35 Hertz. The impulse duration is from about 100 to 150 mu s. The rise time is 0.5 seconds, the stimulation time is 5 seconds per channel, and the pause between stimulations is 0.5 seconds. The current is increased until a sensory perception of current is reported.

A device (1) electrically connects a connecting line (2) to an electrode (44), in particular a medical engineering skin electrode, with a contact member (3) for plug connection to a contact pin (43) of the electrode (44). The contact member (3) has an energy storing element (4) for spring biasing of the contact member (3) into contact with the contact pin (43) of the electrode (44). The device (1) has at least one actuating element (8,9) mounted to be deflected such that the contact member (3) may be actuated to an open position.

An apparatus includes a first signal line configured to couple signals from a first skin electrode to a first input of a differential amplifier comprised as a front-stage in a signal detection circuitry for measurement of biometric signals sensed by the first skin electrode; a second signal line configured to couple signals from a second skin electrode, different from the first skin electrode, to a second input of the differential amplifier of the signal detection circuitry for measurement of biometric signals sensed by the second skin electrode; and an impedance circuitry coupled between the first signal line and the second signal line in order to tune input impedance of the differential amplifier. Impedance of the impedance circuitry is higher on a first frequency band covering a frequency band of the measured biometric signals than on a second frequency band not covering the frequency band of the measured biometric signals.

A device and a method for preventive treatment of evolving pulmonary edema in patients which are at risk of complication associated with pulmonary edema which is based on the monitoring of internal thoracic impedance of the patient. The device extracts the internal thoracic impedance from measured trans-thoracic impedance and is relatively immune to variations in skin / electrode interface impedance. The method includes identification of a stage of interstitial edema development before the appearance of a clinical indication and the beginning of an appropriate medicinal treatment in accordance to variations of the monitored internal thoracic impedance. The method also indicates the appropriate moment for terminating the medicinal treatment and can be applied when the patient and his treating physician are positioned at remote locations.

The invention relates to a graphene-PDMS flexible substrate electrocardiogram dry electrode based on a tip array structure and a preparation method thereof. a graphene-PDMS flexible substrate is designed on a top surface thereof, a paraxylene film is deposited on tip array structure, metal seed layer is sputtered on paraxylene film, a metal lalyer is sputtered on the metal seed layer. The bottom surface of the graphene-PDMS flexible conductive substrate is coated with a conductive silver paste layer. The process of the invention is simple, the cost is low, and the production of the mould is favorable for batch production. The materials such as conductive silver colloid, PDMS, graphene, paraxylene film and sputtered titanium and gold have good biological compatibility, and can effectively inhibit bacteria and reduce skin irritation. The tip array structure designed by the invention has a larger contact area, and can pass through the stratum corneum by directly contacting with the skin,so that contact impedance of the skin-electrode can be effectively reduced, thus obtaining a stable ECG signal.

The invention discloses a wireless wearable electrocardiograph detection device with a flexible skin electrode. The wireless wearable electrocardiograph detection device comprises the flexible skin electrode, a signal collection circuit, a wireless signal transmitting circuit and an electrocardiosignal receiver, the flexible skin electrode is in the shape of a hollow metal grid in snake-shaped connection, and a flexible substrate layer identical with the metal grid in size is arranged below the flexible skin electrode. The flexible skin electrode is integrated with novel micro-nano sensing technology, and the metal grid and the flexible substrate layer which are in nanoscale are used as an electrocardiograph electrode face, so that the device can move along with stretching of skin; the whole device is light, small, flexible, convenient to wear, supportive of long-time use and low in cost, has a wireless transceiving function and can realize remote heart disease monitoring.

The invention discloses an EOG (Electrooculography)-based ERG (Electroretinography) signal acquisition and processing system and method. The system comprises a control unit, a retinal stimulator unit, an ERG signal acquisition unit and an ERG signal processing unit. The method comprises the following steps: adjusting illumination and flash rate of a stimulation light source; arranging three skin electrodes on the forehead just above eyes of a subject, on the inner sides of the eyes and the bridge of a nose and at eyelids respectively; performing dark adaptation for more than 20 minutes; aligning the eyes of the subject to the stimulation light source; acquiring an EOG signal; performing light stimulation on the eyes of the subject, synchronously acquiring the ERG signals on the inner sides of the eyes and the bridge of the nose and at the eyelids of the subject respectively, and storing after signal conditioning and AD (Analog-Digital) conversion; reading the ERG signals by an ERG signal processing and analysis unit and processing and analyzing the ERG signal. The ERG signals are acquired by using the external skin electrodes, so that the acquisition is more convenient and safer, and the cost is lower; for signal processing, the adopted method is small in operation and high in feasibility and can realize rapid signal processing.

The invention discloses a flexible PCB (Printed Circuit Board) based disposable skin surface dry electrode and a manufacturing method thereof. The flexible PCB based disposable skin surface dry electrode used in the field of medical appliance comprises a flexible PCB base material and an electrode micro-needle array and a metal button respectively arranged on both the upper surface and the lower surface of the flexible PCU base material; a conducting medium for conducting the electrode micro-needle array and the metal button is arranged on the flexible PCB base material in a penetrating manner. According to the invention, the cost is low as the electrode micro-needle array is manufactured on the flexible PCB base material by adopting the matured electric plating technology rather than a micro-machining process technology, volume production is applicable as no hydrofluoric acid is used, the conform level of a user and the signal collection stability can be improved, and the skin electrode contact noise is reduced as the electrode manufactured on the flexible PCB rather than substrates such as silicon and metal is flexible and the electrode in use is directly attached to the skin surface of the user without pain and bleeding, and meanwhile the flexible PCB based disposable skin surface dry electrode is more convenient and faster to use as no skin pre-treatment is needed relative to a wet electrode.

The invention relates to a capacitor, in particular to a fibrous supercapacitor and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, a non-conductive fabric and a non-conductive fabric fiber are adopted as base materials; conductive macromolecule are subjected to polymerization and deposition to obtain a skin electrode and a core electrode of the fibrous supercapacitor; the adopted fabric and fabric fiber are soft and good in flexibility; the adopted conductive macromolecule are of a conjugated chain oxidation and corresponding anion doping structure; the obtained skin electrode and core electrode are good in electrical conductivity; the assembled fibrous supercapacitor is not only light in mass, but also simple in structure and excellent in flexibility; excellent mechanical property can be kept; the charging speed is rapid; the cycling stability is good; the specific capacity is high; the biocompatibility is good, the safety is high, no pollution is caused; and the invention is a novel fibrous supercapacitor which can be applied to the fields of embedded health monitoring and nursing.

A protective electrode structure comprises a middle protective electrode which resides between an outer protective electrode and the skin electrodes during a measurement. The middle protective electrode and the outer protective electrode are insulated from each other. Additionally, the middle protective electrode may be coupled to a virtual ground of the user-specific performance monitor system.

Method of performing an orthopedic procedure using an orthopedic device and an electrode comprising a body portion having a first surface and indicia located on a side opposing the first surface. The method includes arranging the first surface of the electrode on a patient's skin during an orthopedic procedure so that the indicia provides for visual stimulation during the orthopedic procedure. This abstract is not intended to limit the invention in any way.

The invention relates to a detachable flexible fabric electrocardio active dry electrode capable of inhibiting motion artifacts. The electrode is composed of a bonding layer, an active layer, an insulated package layer, a contact surface layer and an insulated shielding layer; hook and loop of a hook-and-loop fastener refer to the bonding layer as the first layer, a single-side flexible printed circuit board is the active layer as the second layer, insulating foam refers to the insulated package layer as the third layer, conductive cloth refers to the contact surface layer as the fourth layer,and an insulated fabric with the hollow center refers to the insulated shielding layer as the fifth layer. The detachable flexible fabric electrocardio active dry electrode capable of inhibiting motion artifacts overcomes skin stimulation and damage caused by a traditional wet electrode, can be repeatedly used and fixedly disassembled, and can be used in daily wearable devices. A first-level buffering amplification circuit with the specific active layer structure is adopted, the input impedance is effectively increased, skin-electrode impedance matching can be well performed, power-line interference and power line interference are reduced, the motion artifacts are reduced, and more accurate electrocardio signals are collected.

An electrode package in which one or more adhesively-applied skin electrodes may be sealed has an envelope that includes a sheet of material and a releasable seal joining portions of the envelope to provide a sealed first compartment in which an electrode may be isolated from an external environment. The envelope includes a first wall that defines a first interior surface facing the interior of the sealed first compartment. The first interior surface includes an electrode mounting surface for direct attachment of an adhesive portion of an electrode. The envelope is releasably sealed so that, when the envelope is sealed, the first interior surface is isolated from an external environment and, when the envelope is unsealed, the first interior surface is not isolated from the external environment.